Characteristics of Recent Horizontal Crustal Movement and Tectonic Deformation in the Northwest China Region

INTRODUCTIONThe vector diagramof the crustal horizontal movement of the north margin of Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) block obtained from GPS measurements of 2001 ~2003 shows that the western part of theregion presents a southwestward movement oppositetothetrend beforethe Nov.14 ,2001 west KunlunMountains PassMS8 .1 earthquake ,which mayreflectthe post-earthquake relaxationand adjustment ofthe region (Zhang Xi ,2004) .It was the variation of regional dynamics that led to instability of thepo…     

震级与地震破裂参数统计关系式系数的讨论

在收集６种类型震级与地震破裂参量的统计关系式的基础上，系统分析和总结了各类统计式的系数ａｉ和ｂｉ的变化范围以及二者的关系。发现ａｉ和ｂｉ之间均有或强或弱的负相关性；不同类型统计式的系数有一定的变化范围，且稳定性和收敛度不同。一般来说，涉及的破裂参量越多系数越稳定。最后依据位错公式，解释了ａｉ和ｂｉ的关系     

对鱼台盆地的新认识

根据微体生物资料，将原定之始新统“官庄组”修正为始新统至上古新统三垛组、戴南组和阜宁组四段），将原定７８—４孔和丰钾３孔宫庄组更为下白垩统青山组；综合地震、重力、古生物资料对鱼台盆地有了新的认识：其一，鸳楼断层西段不存在而是向北东方向延伸；其二，认为鱼台盆地是一个统一的盆地，所谓师砦、欢口、鱼台三个被此分割的盆地，实际上是三个相互连通的次凹；其三，提出了李阁附近是盆地的沉降中心和成钾有利部位；其四，提出了有海源的新观点。     

地磁暴与电离层骚扰的关系

一、引言 太阳活动区喷发出的粒子流引起太阳风对地球磁场和电离层作用,从而发生地磁暴和电离层骚扰,所以它们的发生是与太阳活动有着密切的关系。但是,在地磁暴期间常常伴随着电离层F_2层骚扰,即峰值电子密度相对于中值有大的减少或增加。     

关于铀、金矿源层(岩)与地球化学负异常的讨论

借鉴成矿物质取源于矿源层(岩)的思想,作者提出了地球化学场成矿元素的正、负异常相匹配的地区是最有利于成矿的远景区。     

福建省防震减灾与可持续发展研究

本文从本区独特的地震地质背景、地震活动与断裂构造关系出发,论述地震破坏对经济发展的影响,说明只有加强防震减灾体系建设,方可保障社会与经济可持续发展。     

Effects of non-submerged boulder on flow characteristics – A field investigation

The effect of fully submerged boulders on the flow structure in channels has been studied by some researchers. However, many natural streams have bed material with boulders that are not fully submerged under water. In many natural streams, boulders cover between 1% and 10% of the area of the stream reach. The effect of non-submerged boulders on the velocity profile and flow characteristics is very important for assessing riverbed deformation. The objectives of this paper are to find the pattern of velocity distribution around a non-submerged boulder and to compare it with the classical studies on flow resistance and Reynolds stress distribution in open channels. Also, by considering the variation in the Reynolds stress distribution at different locations around a non-submerged boulder, the effect of a non-submerged boulder on the estimation of shear velocity and resistance to flow has been investigated. Results indicates that inside the scour hole caused by a non-submerged boulder in a river velocity distributions are irregular. However, velocity distributions are regular outside the scour hole. The presence of the boulder causes a considerable deviation of the Reynolds shear stress from the classic distribution, showing a non-specific distribution with negative values. The classical methods for calculating shear velocity are not suitable because these methods do not give detailed velocity and Reynolds stress distributions in natural rivers with a lot of boulders. Thus, the effect of a non-submerged boulder on the estimation of the resistance to flow by considering the variations in velocity and Reynolds stress distributions at different locations around a non-submerged boulder is important and needs to be studied in a natural river instead of just in laboratory flumes. The negative values in Reynolds stress distribution around a boulder indicate that the classical methods are unable to predict resistance to flow, and also show strong turbulence inside the scour hole where the complex flow conditions present ambiguous Reynolds stress distributions. In the current study, to obtain a reasonable estimation of parameters in natural rivers, the classical method has been modified by considering velocity and Reynolds stress distributions through the boundary layer method.     

Laboratory study of combined wave overtopping and storm surge overflow of a levee

Combined wave overtopping and storm surge overflow of a levee with a trapezoidal cross section was studied in a two-dimensional laboratory wave/flow flume at a nominal prototype-to-model length scale of 25-to-1. The goal of this study was to develop design guidance in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. Time series of water depth at two locations on the levee crown and flow thickness at five locations on the landward-side slope were measured along with horizontal velocity near the landward edge of the crown. New equations are presented for average overtopping discharge, distribution of instantaneous discharge, and distribution of individual wave volumes. Equations are also given for mean flow thickness, RMS wave height, mean velocity, and velocity of the wave front down the landward-side slope.     

Regional Tectonic Deformation Background and Medium- and Short-Term Precursors to the Minle-Shandan Earthquakes

INTRODUCTIONOnOctober 2 5,2 0 0 3,twoearthquakesofMS6 .1andMS5.8hitMinleandShandanofGansuProvinceinsuccession (at 38.4°N ,1 0 1 .2°E ;and 38.4°N ,1 0 1 .1°E) .Theseismicfaultisthrustandleft lateraltheMinle DamayingfaultwhichstrikesEWandisaffiliatedtot…     

混合海气耦合模式中的ENSO循环及其形成机制

在无异常外强迫的情况下, 将混合海气耦合模式进行了45年的模拟积分.结果表明:模式能较好地再现类似ENSO循环的热带太平洋海洋、大气的年际振荡, 模式ENSO循环的主周期为4~5年; 探讨了ENSO循环的负反馈机制, 指出:暖态的消亡与El Ni?o发展过程中太平洋东部不断增强的东风异常所产生的冷水上翻的加强以及纬向向西的冷平流有关; 冷态的消亡主要由赤道波的时滞效应所致.