煤层气直井氮气泡沫压裂参数分析及产能评价

压裂参数是决定压裂效果、影响裂缝特征与煤层气产能的重要参数,深入认识压裂参数对产能的影响规律,对于优化压裂工艺和提高煤层气井产能至关重要。以潞安矿区45口氮气泡沫压裂井为对象,分析压裂施工曲线的类型及其对产能的影响,探讨各阶段压裂液用量与产能之间的关系,并对比评价氮气泡沫与水力压裂井产能的差异性。结果表明：氮气泡沫压裂施工曲线可分为稳定型、波动型、上升型和下降型4类9型,下降型和稳定型压裂曲线对应的产能要高于波动型,上升型曲线对应的产能最差;总压裂液用量以800 m³为宜,前置液和顶替液用量分别为450 m³和8 m³,氮气注入量在5万m³左右最佳,而携砂液用量越大产能越高,氮气泡沫压裂液良好的携砂、造缝、沉降支撑性能是有助于提高产能的优势所在;整体上,就潞安矿区而言,氮气泡沫压裂井的产能明显高于水力压裂井,主要体现在高产井、中高产井的比例远大于水力压裂井,约61%的氮气泡沫压裂井具有较高产能,而水力压裂井为23%。氮气泡沫压裂技术在潞安矿区展示出的可观潜力,可为国内其他具有类似储层特征矿区的煤层气开发提供技术借鉴。     

U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope systematics of detrital zircons from the Songpan–Ganzi Triassic flysch,NE Tibetan Plateau: implications for provenance and crustal growth

We conducted in situ U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope analyses of 401 detrital zircons collected from the Songpan–Ganzi Triassic turbidite complex in an attempt to understand the provenance variations of the siliciclastic rocks and the crustal growth history of central China. These detrital zircons exhibit a wide age spectrum with three major peaks at 1.7–2.0 Ga, 750–1050 Ma, and 210–500 Ma. They are dominated by negative ?_Hf(t) values with a large range. Synthesis of the zircon U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotopic data indicate that the Triassic Songpan–Ganzi turbiditic succession could have been derived dominantly from the Tibetan terrains + the Kunlun and Qinling orogens. Our samples are characterized by a common, prominent group of Hf crust formation model ages at 0.8–4.1 Ga with a peak at 2.7–3.4 Ga. This fact indicates that (1) Phanerozoic magmatism in central China could have been predominantly products of crustal reworking with insignificant formation of juvenile crust and (2) the Neoarchaean was an important period of continental growth in central China. In addition, our data set also reveal that three widespread tectonothermal events could have occurred in the region during the late Mesoproterzoic, Palaeozoic, and early Mesozoic, respectively.     

东海原甲藻吸收光谱特性分析

以东海原甲藻为研究对象,通过室内和室外的一系列培养实验.通过对不同生长时期其光吸收特性的变化和不同光强对其光吸收特性的影响进行研究,分析东海原甲藻先吸收特性研究及其爆发的可能机制.结果表明在培养的不同时期东海原甲藻光吸收特性差异明显,在不同光强条件下,当遮光率为77.7%时,最适于东海原甲藻生长.     

江西庐山风景区旅游气候学透视

天气与气候是影响旅游业发展的关键因素。从旅游气候学角度透视气候对传统避暑胜地庐山旅游业发展的影响,发现当地气候对旅游业的发展具有明显的促进作用,表现在庐山气候的美学属性为当地提供了大量气候旅游资源,另一方面气候的旅游适宜性为吸引海内外游客奠定了坚实基础。但庐山的气候对旅游业发展也有一定制约作用,如气候诱发的明显旅游季节性和某些极端天气事件。为了促进庐山旅游业的可持续发展,未来应大力开发反季节旅游产品,改变传统旅游目的地形象,加大季节性差异定价力度,优化旅游产品结构,提高灾害性天气防御能力。     

芥川龙之介《水虎》三元比较研究

芥川龙之介的《水虎》与果戈理的《狂人日记》、鲁迅的《狂人日记》均采用了现实主义与象征主义相结合的创作方法,一针见血地揭露了社会制度的黑暗与腐朽。但他们在创作方法上使用的象征主义和对社会现实揭露的广度与深度不完全相同,主人公的思想高度更是各不相同。作品创作的背景、历史条件,作者的思想高度、性格特点和创作风格是造成这些差别的根源。     

Significance of an amorphous SiO2 phase in a pseudomorph after coesite enclosed in garnet from ultrahigh‐pressure eclogite,Su–Lu Belt,eastern China

Here, we report the first discovery of an amorphous SiO₂ phase (APSI phase) in a pseudomorph after coesite included in garnet from an ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) eclogite from the Su–Lu metamorphic belt, eastern China. Using transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction, we show that the internal structure of the pseudomorph consists of an APSI phase with nano/submicrocrystalline particles of quartz and a polycrystalline K‐bearing fibrous sheet‐silicate phase (KFSS phase). The APSI phase‐bearing aggregates included in the garnet might have formed by reactions involving a supercritical fluid during exhumation by the following processes: (1) the development of radial cracks within the host garnet by the phase transition of coesite to quartz; (2) the decomposition of a part of the pseudomorph following infiltration of supercritical fluid; (3) the precipitation of the KFSS phase from the fluid phase during subsequent exhumation and cooling, which was likely promoted by a change in the metamorphic fluid from supercritical and/or subcritical to aqueous fluid; and (4) the rapid precipitation of the APSI phase under a metastable (non‐equilibrium) state, such as quenching, during a later stage of the exhumation. Whether the APSI phase generally formed during exhumation and survived widely throughout the Su‐Lu terrane is unknown. However, the presence of the APSI phase in a UHP eclogite provides new insight into the geodynamic phenomena occurring at continental collision zones.     

基于地应力实测数据分析郯庐断裂带中段滑动趋势

郯庐断裂带潜在滑动趋势对于区域地壳稳定性评价具有重要的意义。对郯庐断裂带中段(新沂至渤海段)附近12个钻孔共65条实测地应力数据分析,得出该区段最大和最小水平主应力与垂直应力之比Kmax和Kmin的范围,结果表明郯庐断裂带中段主要表现为逆断层的应力状态,局部地区呈现出有利于走滑断层的特征。研究区内应力比K值由西向东逐渐增大,并在东北部达到最大。通过计算得出断层面上的剪应力与有效正应力比值小于Byerlee准则所定义的摩擦系数,说明目前郯庐断裂带中段处于相对稳定状态;同时发现北西向断裂面上的剪应力与有效正应力比值比北东向断裂的大。区内应力积累指标μm的计算结果和地震的分布特征表明,郯庐断裂带中段北西向断裂上地震活动频繁,应力积累程度低;而北东向断层上应力积累程度高,特别是处于郯庐断裂带中段东北部的北东向断层,在应力集中的区域出现地震空白区,推测为断层的锁固段。最终认为在现今应力场下郯庐断裂带中段更易沿北西向的断裂滑动。     

元代广州作为建制城市的历史地理初探

本文从城市的建城和建制关系出发，阐述广州在从秦到唐宋等朝代建需基础上，于元代设置广州录事司，是一个与县同级的行政区域和市政管理机构，此即广州作为建制城市之始，并在城市性质，结构和功能上反映广州这种变化，是广州城市发展史上一个里程碑，值得重视。     

早白垩世合肥盆地性质及含油气性分析

根据地震、电法、盆地模拟等新资料并结合区域地质资料的综合分析,对早白垩世合肥盆地的复杂构造及盆地性质、演化进行了深入讨论,认为合肥盆地在早白垩世时属于一个处于由压性应力场向张性应力场转换过程中形成的复杂复合盆地,即早白垩世早中期属主要受控于其南侧大别造山带的滑覆冲断类前陆盆地、早白垩世中晚期属主要受控于其东侧郯庐断裂活动的走滑拉分盆地。进而探讨了其拉分盆地内潜在的下白垩统油气系统及其勘探前景。从盆地研究的角度来进一步认识郯庐断裂的活动及对合肥盆地的油气勘探均具有借鉴及指导意义。     

鲁苏榴辉岩套的岩石——构造组合与地质演化

提出鲁苏榴辉岩套的分布、岩石组合及构造形变特征。依据成岩条件和同位素年龄探讨了其地质演化,认为它们形成于三叠纪早期的碰撞造山作用和白垩纪早期的伸展构造作用。