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911.
客源地分布的集聚特征是客源市场空间结构研究的重要内容。针对现有客源集中指数不能横向对比及难以解释驱动因素的问题,论文提出了支持引入不同影响因子参数的客源地集中指数“tourCI”计算方法,建立了基于tourCI指数的客源地空间结构解释概念框架,给出tourCI的多维度描述方式和意义解析,以测算不同影响因素下的客源地分布集聚特征。以大理古城位置微博签到提取的客源数据进行实证研究,结果表明:基于政区维度的tourCI反映出云南省内本地客源对大理古城客源分布特征产生了重要影响,省外客源分布相对均衡;基于距离维度的tourCI刻画了大理古城客源分布随目的地距离的变化规律,由近及远呈现“弱—强—弱—均衡”的指数变化模式;经济维度tourCI显示来自一线城市的游客高度集中在经济水平较高地区,来自新一线城市的游客分布相对均衡,其余城市的客源分布受经济影响较大。理论与实证研究证明了tourCI指数对客源地空间结构集聚特征及驱动因素具有较好的解析能力,有助于丰富旅游地理研究的方法体系。 相似文献
912.
Elham Shafieiyoun Mahdi Gheysari Mehdi Khiadani Jahangir Abedi Koupai Paria Shojaei Mohammad Moomkesh 《水文研究》2020,34(20):4000-4016
Estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) in urban areas is challenging but essential in arid urban climates. To evaluate ET0 in an urban environment and non-urban areas, air temperature and relative humidity were measured at five different sites across the arid city of Isfahan, Iran, over 4 years. Wind speed and sunshine hours were obtained from an urban surrounding weather station over the same period and used to estimate ET0. Calculated ET0 was compared with satellite-based ET0 retrieved from the MOD16A2 PET product. Although MODIS PET was strongly correlated with the Valiantzas equation, it overestimated ET0 and showed average accuracy (r = 0.93–0.94, RMSE = 1.18–1.28 mm/day, MBE = 0.73–0.84 mm/day). The highest ET0 differences between an urban green space and a non-urban area were 1.1 and 0.87 mm/day, which were estimated by ground measurements and MODIS PET, respectively. The sensitivity of ET0 to wind speed and sunshine hours indicated a significant effect on cumulative ET0 at urban sites compared to the non-urban site, which has a considerable impact on the amount of irrigation required in those areas. Although MODIS PET requires improvement to accurately reflect field level microclimate conditions affecting ET0, it is beneficial to hydrological applications and water resource managers especially in areas where data is limited. In addition, our results indicated that using limited data methods or meteorological data from regional weather stations, leads to incorrect estimation of ET0 in urban areas. Therefore, decision-makers and urban planners should consider the importance of precisely estimating ET0 to optimize management of urban green space irrigation, especially in arid and semi-arid climates such as the city of Isfahan. 相似文献
913.
《The Professional geographer》1984,36(3):376-412
Book Reviewed in this article: Introduction to Climatology for the Tropics . J. O. Ayoade. Conservation and Management of Natural Resources in the United States . Charles F. Bennett. The Keeping of Animals: Adaptation and Social Relations in Livestock Producing Communities . Riva Berleant-Schiller and Eugenia Shanklin, ed. The Evolution of Geographic Thought in America: A Kentucky Root Wilford A. Bladen and Pradyumna P. Karan, eds. Latin America: Geographical Perspectives , 2nd ed. Harold Blakemore and Clifford T. Smith, ed. The Rural Real Estate Market. Department of Geography Publication Series, No. 18 . Chris Bryant. Urban Geomorphology in Drylands . R. U. Cooke, D. Brunsden, J. C. Doornkamp, and D. K. C. Jones with contributions by J. Griffiths, P. Knott, R. Potter, and R. Russell. Italian Geography, 1960–1980. Meeting of the Status of the Geographic Research in Italy, 1960–1980. Treated under the auspices of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche and organized by Istituto di Geografia Umana della Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia dell'Università degli Studi di Milano , Giacomo Corna Pellecrini and Carlo Brusa, eds. The Changing Fenland . H. C. Darby. The Future for the City Centre . R. L. Davies and A. G. Champion, eds. Saudi Arabia, Energy, Developmental Planning, and Industrialization . Ragaei El Mallakh, Dorothea H. El Mallakh, eds. For We Are Sold, I and My People: Women and Industry in Mexico's Frontier . Maria Patricia Fernández-Kelly. The Great Lakes Forest: An Environmental and Social History . Susan L. Flader, ed. Regional Transformation and Industrial Revolution: A Geography of the Yorkshire Woolen Industry . Derek Gregory Crime in City Politics . Anne Heinz, Herbert Jacob and Robert L. Lineberry, eds. Revitalizing Cities . H. Briavel Holcomb and Robert A. Beauregard. Cartographic Relief Presentation . Eduard Imhof. H. J. Steward, Trans. Soviet Union: A Geographical Survey . S. V. Kalesnik and V. F. Pavlenko, ed. Cognition and Environment . Stephen Kaplan and Rachel Kaplan. Environmental Protection: The International Dimension . David A. Kay and Harold K. Jacobsen, eds. Mathematical Programming Methods for Geographers and Planners , James Killen. Gentrification Amid Urban Decline: Strategies for America's Older Cities . Michael H. Lang. The North Atlantic Sulphur System . Risto Laulajainen. The Jerusalem Cathedra: Studies in the History, Archaeology, Geography and Ethnography of the Land of Israel, Vol. 2 . Lee I. Levine ed. Jerusalem and Detroit: Recreation Planning and Management . Stanely R. Lieber and Daniel R. Fesenmaier, eds. Heartland and Hinterland: A Geography of Canada . L. D. McCann, ed. Scarborough Where We Live: The Residential Districts of Minneapolis and St. Paul . Judith A. Martin and David A. Lanegran. California: The Geography of Diversity . Crane S. Miller and Richard S. Hyslop. Palo Alto The Dilemma of Amazonian Development . Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder Nuclear Waste: Socioeconomic Dimensions of Long-Term Storage . Steve H. Murdock, F. Larry Leistritz, and Rita R. Hamm, eds. Boulder Communism and the Politics of Inequalities . Daniel N. Nelson, ed. The Los Angeles Metropolis . Howard J. Nelson. Dubuque An Historical Geography of Urban System Development: Tidewater Virginia in the 18th Century . James O'Mara. Procedures and Standards for a Multipurpose Cadastre . East Asia: Geographical and Historical Approaches to Foreign Area Studies . Clifton W. Pannell, ed. Dubuque Mackinder: Geography as an Aid to Statecraft . W. H. Parker. Beyond the Urban Fringe: Land Use Issues of Nonmetropolitan America . Rutherford H. Platt and George Macinko, eds. Recreation Geography of the USSR . V. S. Preobrazhensky and V. M. Krivosheyev, eds. Missouri: A Geography . Milton D. Rafferty The Invisible Farmers: Women in Agricultural Production . Carolyn E. Sachs. Cayman Islands Seashore Vegetation: A Study in Comparative Biogeography . Jonathan D. Sauer. Hillslope Materials and Processes . Michael J. Selby. Housing in Britain: The Post-War Experience . John R. Short The Study of Population: Elements, Patterns and Processes . George A. Schnell and Mark Stephen Monmonier. Columbus The Soviet Union: A Systematic Geography . Leslie Symons, ed. The Ottoman Slave Trade and Its Suppression . Ehud R. Toledano. The Impact of Recession on Industry, Employment and the Regions, 1976–1981 . Alan R. Townsend. Landslides and Their Control , 2nd ed. Quido Záruba and Vojtech Mencl. Translated from the Czech by H. Zárubová and V. Mencl. 相似文献
914.
Ancient town Dali is located in northwest Yunnan Province. With its ancient history and natural scenery, it is preserved as
one of the first 24 historical and cultural towns in China. Dali has become one of the most popular attractions for foreign
tourists since it had its first foreign visitors in 1983. As a result, English came into the life of the local people. This
paper presents and explains the results of questionnaires and interviews about Dali people’s attitude toward learning English.
Three types of questionnaires were designed to local businessmen, local residents and foreign tourists. Interviews were also
given whenever possible. In this study, businessmen in Dali were divided into two distinct groups. One group had their business
in “Foreigners’ Street”, which was in front of Hongshancha Hotel where many foreign tourists stayed. Another group had business
in Fuxin Street, which was vertically across “Foreigners’ Street”. The 41 shops and restaurants in “Foreigners’ Street” served
mainly foreign visitors, and most of them had English names and advertisements. The 353 shops and restaurants in Fuxin Street
mainly catered for domestic visitors but also served more and more overseas ones. Subjects from local residents were mostly
young people because aging ones were apparently not much affected by English. The results of the study showed that the oral
English levels became lower from “Foreigners’ Street” to Fuxin Street to local residents, due to declining frequency of contact
with foreign people. There were also distinct differences in general English level, the understanding of the importance of
English, the purposes of communicating with foreign tourists, the willingness and purposes of going on learning English between
businessmen in “Foreigners’ Street” and Fuxin Street: people in “Foreigners’ Street” had more positive feedback than those
in Fuxin Street because their constant contact with foreigners required them to speak better English which enabled them to
exchange with foreigners in many aspects, which in turn help them to know more about other cultures. On the other hand, Fuxin
Street businessmen would catch up with more and more prospective contact with overseas people. Though local residents had
nothing to do with foreign tourists, they met them in the street every day and might have to talk with them in unexpected
ways. They lived in a place where they saw English advertisement every day. Accordingly, study results showed that they were
very much motivated to learn English. They showed even stronger desire to learn more English than businessmen in “Foreigners’
Street”, though many of them were too young to tell why English was so important for them. This is an indication that English
has become part of the necessary education for young people in Dali. With the development of tourism, Dali is gradually becoming
a place where Chinese culture and western culture meet and coexist.
This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China. 相似文献
915.
《The Professional geographer》1985,37(1):104-132
Books Reviewed in this article: Lob Trees in the Wilderness . Clifford and Isabel Ahlgren . Satellite Microwave Remote Sensing . T. D. Allan , ed. Sunbelt Cities: Politics and Growth Since World War II . Richard M. Bernard and Bradley R. Rice , eds. Legacy of Minneapolis: Preservation Amid Change . John R. Borchert , David Gebhard , David Lanegran , and Judith A. Martin . Bloomington, MN: Preparing a Historic Preservation Ordinance. Richard J. Roddewig . The Mountains of Northeastern Tasmania, A Study of Alpine Geomorphology . Nel Caine . Introductory Cartography . John Campbell . Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Changing Climate . Manual of Remote Sensing, Second Edition . 2 Vols. Robert N. Colwell , ed.-in-chief; David S. Simonett and John E. Estes , vol. eds. Remote Sensing in Meteorology, Oceanography and Hydrology . A. P. Cracknell , ed. Multidimensional Scaling . Mark L. Davison . Environmental Karst . Percy H. Dougherty , ed. The Urban Environment . Ian Douglas . Geomorphology of Europe . Clifford Embleton , ed. An Introduction to South Asia . B. H. Farmer . Great Geological Controversies . A. Hallam . Hazardous Waste Management: In Whose Backyard? Michalann Harthill , ed. Energy for Subsistence . Margaret Haswell . Perspective on Ratzel's Political Geography . James M. Hunter . Economic Deposits and their Tectonic Setting . Charles S. Hutchison . Energy Risk Assessment . Herbert Inhaber . Discovering the Vernacular Landscape . John Brinckerhoff Jackson . Climate and Energy Systems: A Review of Their Interactions . Jill Jäger . Dilemmas in Regional Policy . Antoni Kuklinski and J. G. Lambooy , eds. California Farmland: A History of Large Agricultural Landholdings . Ellen Liebman . The Spatial Organization of New Land Settlement in Latin America . Jacob O. Maos . Dark Continent: Africa as Seen by Americans . Michael McCarthy . Westport, CT: Climatology: An Introduction . John E. Oliver and John J. Hidore . Columbus, OH: The Geography of Warfare . Patrick O'Sullivan and Jesse W. Miller . The Expanding City. Essays in Honour of Professor Jean Gottmann . John Patten , ed. Scotland's Environment During the Last 30,000 Years . Robert J. Price . Integrated Urban Models . S. H. Putman . Development and the Environmental Crisis: Red or Green Alternatives? Michael Redclift . 相似文献
916.
Xiaopei Yan 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1994,4(1):55-65
This paper focuses on three interrelated aspects of the relationship between the satellite towns (Renhe Town) and the central
city of metropolis Guangzhou. The attention is initially paid to the evolution of the satellite towns. Those towns are recognized
as industrial ones although different types could be identified since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949.
Then the analysis is turned to the inherent links between Renhe and the central city. Although Renhe has absorbed some decentralized
industries, the achievements of constructing satellite towns are not considered satisfactory. This is because the decentralized
industries have not given an impetus to the economic growth of Renhe, the town has no close links with the central city in
the aspects of finance, employment, economy and technology due to the limitation of the traditional administrative institution,
and the decentralized workers are commuters taking the mother city as the sleeping place. Thirdly the problems associated
with the construction of satellite towns are examined. Guangzhou is experiencing the major restructuring of industrial structure
and therefore it is necessary to decentralize some industries to satellite towns. However, the limits from the central city
and the satellite towns are influencing industrial decentralization and construction of satellite towns. The solutions and
prospects are finally put forward.
This paper was funded by the Canadian International Development Agency. 相似文献
917.
《The Professional geographer》1988,40(3):347-378
Books reviewed in this article: The Mexican Colonial Copper Industry. Elinore M. Barrett . The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic Origins of the Information Society . James R. Beniger . Land Degradation and Society . Piers M. Blaikie And Harold C. Brookfield , Eds . La carte, mode d'emploi. Roger Brunet . France: les dynamiques du territoire . Roger Brunet AND Jacques Sallois , EDS. At the Crossroads—The Mineral Problems of the United States . Eugene N. Cameron . A Census of One Billion People , Papers for International Seminar on China's 1982 Population Census. Li Chengrui , ED. Les Milieux “Naturels” du Globe . Jean Demangeot . The Geophysiology of Amazonia: Vegetation and Climate Interactions : Robert E. Dickinson , ED. Tenn-Tom Country . James F. Doster And David C. Weaver . Family Farming in Europe and America . Boguslaw Galeski And Eugene Wilkening , EDS. The Geography of Urban Transportation . Susan Hanson , Ed. Combating Desertification in Developing Countries . J. K. Jain , ED. Cartography in France—1660–1848. Science, Engineering and Statecraft . Josef W. Konvitz . Distribution of Distances in Pregeographical Space . Hans Kuiper . Physical Geography Lab Manual: A New Experimental Approach . Neal G. Lineback And John M. Harlin . Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation , 2nd ed. Tom L. Mc Knight . The Desert Is No Lady: Southwestern Landscapes in Women's Writing and Art . Vera Norwood And Janice Monk , EDS. France: A Geographical, Social, and Economic Survey . Philippe Pinchemel , translated, by D. Elkins and T. H. Elkins. Gene Banks and the World's Food . Donald L. Plucknett , Nigel J. H. Smith , J. T. Williams , And N. Murthi Anishetty . Latin American Development: Geographical Perspectives . David Preston , Ed. Making Sense of Development: An Introduction to Classical and Contemporary Theories of Development and Their Application to Southeast Asia . P. W. Preston . The History of the Countryside. Oliver Rackham . The Third World in Perspective . H. A. Reitsma AND J. M. G. Kleinpenning . The Industrial Geography of Australia . David C. Rich . The Recruiting Game , 2nd Ed., revised. John F. Rooney , JR. A Cultural Geography of North American Indians . Thomas E. Ross AND Tyrel G. Moore , EDS. Eastern Europe . Dean S. Rugg . Human Territoriality: Its Theory and History . Cambridge Studies in Historical Geography: 7. Robert David Sack . Experimental Fluvial Geomorphology . Stanley A. Schumm , M. Paul Mosley , AND William E. Weaver . The New Urban Landscape . David Schuyler . Atlas of American Women . Barbara Gimla Shortridge . Impacts of Hazardous Technology: The Psycho-Social Effects of Restarting TMI-1 . John Sorensen , Jon Soderstrom , Emily Copenhaver , Sam Carnes AND Robert Bolin . Modern Physical Geography , 3rd Ed., (Third Edition). Arthur N. Strahler AND Alan H. Strahler . India: Economic Resource Base and Contemporary Political Patterns . B. L. Sukhwal . 相似文献
918.
利用1981—2015年气象观测资料,选择阿克苏市、喀什市、和田市、阿图什市4市作为样本,分析了南疆典型城市的气候基本特征,并探讨了它们的风向特征;结合2016年相应城市空气污染物SO2、NO2、PM10、CO、O3、PM2.5环境监测日报数据,分析了典型城市环境质量特征。结果表明:(1)4个城市年降水少、蒸发量大,日照时数长,浮尘、扬沙频发,属于典型的"沙漠-绿洲"生态脆弱城市。(2)4个城市的空气质量较差,首要污染物是PM10,其次是PM2.5。(3)根据风向资料,绘制4个城市的风向频率玫瑰图和污染系数玫瑰图,综合考虑阿克苏城市环境功能区划分时工业区应选在WSW方向;喀什市工业区应选在NNE方向;阿图什市工业区应选在NNW方向,其次是S方向;和田市工业区可选在NNE方向。(4)南疆四市在城市开发过程中应建设多层次的绿化结构,充分利用地域特点,发展绿色经济,提高城市的生态承载力。4个城市进行工业园区布局时,应从大局出发,做好宏观的科学的统筹规划。 相似文献
919.
气候因素对度假地型第二居所需求的影响 ——基于云南腾冲与西双版纳的比较研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
宜人气候是人们购置度假地型第二居所的重要影响因素,可分为避暑型和避寒型2种类型,但现有研究鲜有关注不同气候类型对度假地型第二居所需求的影响。文章以腾冲和西双版纳景洪为例,通过对比雅居乐集团布局两地的旅居地产项目发展差异,指出西双版纳的度假地型第二居所需求大于腾冲。进一步运用质性方法剖析需求差异化的原因,得出以下结论:异质宜人气候是吸引人们购置两地度假地型第二居所的主要因素,气候资源的非移动性和空间异质性导致了不同度假地第二居所的发展差异。就发展度假地型第二居所而言,在国内避寒型气候的竞争力优于避暑型气候。原因在于,国内避寒型气候属稀缺资源,具有垄断性特征;而避暑型气候资源较为丰富,是一种相对遍在性资源,具有可替代性。 相似文献
920.
Yongze Song Peng Wu Xiangyu Wang 《International journal of geographical information science》2018,32(12):2447-2476
Urban forms reflect spatial structures of cities, which have been consciously and dramatically changing in China. Fast urbanisation may lead to similar urban forms due to similar habits and strategies of city planning. However, whether urban forms in China are identical or significantly different has not been empirically investigated. In this paper, urban forms are investigated based on two spatial units: city and block. The boundaries of natural cities in terms of the density of human settlements and activities are delineated with the concept of ‘redefined city’ using points of interests (POIs), and blocks are determined by road networks. Urban forms are characterised by city-block two-level spatial morphologies. Further, redefined cities are classified into four hierarchies to examine the effects of different city development stages on urban forms. The spatial morphology is explained by urbanisation variables to understand the effects. Results show that the urban forms are spatially clustered from the perspective of city-block two-level morphologies. Urban forms tend to be similar within the same hierarchies, but significantly varied among different hierarchies, which is closely related to the development stages. Additionally, the spatial dimensional indicators of urbanisation could explain 41% of the spatial morphology of redefined cities. 相似文献