SHORT COMMUNICATION USE OF A LINEAR FUNCTION OF SEVERAL VARIABLES IN SIMPLEX OPTIMIZATION AS A PROCEDURE FOR ASSESSING ANALYTICAL VERSATILITY IN FIA

A linear response function RF=C_H R_H+C_T(1-R_T)(R_H=peak height,used as a measure of‘sensitivity’,and R_T=analysis time,1-R_T,used as a measure of sampling rate)was used to optimize aFIA system for the determination of nitrite in water with respect to four experimental parameters(twotube lengths and two flow rates)by a Simplex procedure.The weights C_H and C_T placed on R_H and R_Twere systematically varied to cover their allowed range and the system obtained in each optimizationexperiment was implemented and evaluated by determining the following analytical parameters:reproducibility,limit of detection and sampling rate,It was found that these depend very markedly onthe weights used in the response function.Hence the use of a linear function for optimization provides auseful procedure for assessing the versatility of the experimental technique and for choosing the systemsfor its implementation in different practical situations.     

Simulations of minerals using density-functional theory based on atomic orbitals for linear scaling

The use of quantum mechanics methods within the formalism of density functional theory requires a method to represent the electron wave functions. We compare the use of strictly localized basis functions based on atomic orbitals with the use of plane waves for the study of mineral properties and behaviour. Strictly localized functions enable the computational resources to scale linearly with the size of the system, whereas plane-wave methods scale more as the cube power of the system size, and for this reason the use of localized functions will be preferred for studies of large sizes. We present test results obtained from studies of cation ordering in spinel, garnet and amphibole phases, the high-pressure displacive phase transition in cristobalite, and the intercalation of organic molecules into pyrophyllite. We conclude that the use of localized basis sets provides a useful route forward for quantum mechanical studies of large-scale mineral problems.Received: 5 July 2001     

IHS方法在QuickBird数据融合中存在的问题及其改进

 针对IHS变换在QuickBird数据融合中存在的光谱扭曲问题，提出了利用Visual-Pan波段和线性加权匹配两种方法进行改进 ，并给出了Visual-Pan波段方法中系数α的最佳取值范围，以及线性加权匹配融合图像的空间特征与光谱特征达到最佳效果时Pan 权值(wPan)和I权值(wI)的最佳取值。结果表明，对于Visual-Pan方法而言，当0.2＜α＜0.25时，可以获得非常好的融合效果; 而 对于线形加权匹配方法而言，当wpan=3/4、wI=1/4时，融合图像的空间特征与光谱特征可以达到最佳效果。     

An efficient discontinuous Galerkin method for advective transport in porous media

We consider a discontinuous Galerkin scheme for computing transport in heterogeneous media. An efficient solution of the resulting linear system of equations is possible by taking advantage of a priori knowledge of the direction of flow. By arranging the elements in a suitable sequence, one does not need to assemble the full system and may compute the solution in an element-by-element fashion. We demonstrate this procedure on boundary-value problems for tracer transport and time-of-flight.     

基于DLT模型的一种数码相机检校方法

直接线性模型法是相机检校中常用的一种方法，在其基础上提出了一种适合计算机处理的数码相机检校方法，其通过改变像方元素的单位，就可使用现有的摄影测量程序直接处理数字影像。文中进一步讨论了像素尺寸大小对系统误差的影响，并对像素大小的必要测定精度进行了公式推导。最后的实验结果表明，该方法可以获得较好的校准结果。     

The mechanism of Lake Kinneret salinization as a linear reservoir

The salinity of Lake Kinneret, Israel, is significantly higher than the salinity of the water from surface streams that flow to the lake. The relatively high salinity is a result of the activity of saline springs located at the bottom of the lake.The purpose of this work is to establish a general model for the salinization mechanism of Lake Kinneret. The model is based on the main components of the annual water and solute balance. Changes in time of the solute mass of the lake were described as a differential equation of a linear reservoir on an annual time scale. The model assumes that under any long-term operation policy of the lake, the components of the annual solute and water balance stay nearly constant in time.The model was tested for both steady-state conditions, and during changes in time, against measured lake salinity over the years 1968-2000. It was found that the major changes of lake salinity throughout the years were described well, despite the variety of rainfall amounts. Predictions of the expected lake salinity changes were proposed for the cases of controlled increase or decrease of saline springs discharge to the lake; for the changes of water quantity allowed to flow into or pumped out of the lake; and for various initial salinities. Predictions agree well with previous predictions made by statistical models.     

应用重力资源估算东海冲绳海槽地壳厚度

利用东海地区的重力资源，并参考在该地区进行的地震测深结果，应用线性公式估算了研究区的地壳厚度，分析了研究区地壳结构特征，根据与中国东部地球物理场、地壳结构的对比，指出东海大陆架地区应是中国大陆的自然延伸，对冲绳海槽的地壳性质进行了探讨，指出冲绳海槽应该为东海大陆架的自然终结。     

线性热力学对大气系统的应用(I)大气系统的线性唯象关系和热力学性质(英文)

从一般的热力学原理或其它自然原理对唯象关系所强加的限制,能够演绎出大气系统的一系列热力学性质。利用非平衡态线性热力学导出了湍流K闭合理论中湍流交换系数同唯象系数的关系,从理论上证明大气系统热量湍流输送同水汽之间存在交叉耦合,还导出了湍流强度同速度和位温梯度的关系,从而证明速度和位温空间分布的非均匀性是湍流之源。并证明湍流强度定理,不可压缩气体和各向同性湍流大气中,湍流强度正比于速度与位温梯度的标积。进而证明大气涡旋定理,位温的切变将导致涡旋运动或各种环流运动,速度涡度等于速度同位温相对梯度的矢积。展现了线性热力学在大气系统的应用前景。     

非量测相机摄影测量的整体平差

论述了整体平差处理非量测相机摄影测量问题的计算模型，并对一些实例进行了解算。通过实例解算结果的分析比较，获得一些有益的结论。     

对应分析约束下的重磁联合反演及其在塔里木盆地的应用

综合应用重磁对应分析和重磁联合反演的基础上提出对重磁联合反演的一种改进方法：约束联合反演，即利用重磁异常相关系数对联合反演中目标函数进行加权。实验结果表明，该方法有利于迭代反演的收敛性。把该方法应用于塔里木盆地东部库尔勒～若羌剖面，结果说明，以对应分析的结果作为先验认识，有助于合理地建立最优化反演的初始模型，能提高解释结果的质量