Scattering of water wave by a submerged horizontal plate and a submerged permeable breakwater

Based on a two-dimensional linear water wave theory, this study develops the boundary element method (BEM) to examine normally incident wave scattering by a fixed, submerged, horizontal, impermeable plate and a submerged permeable breakwater in water of finite depth. Numerical results for the transmission coefficients are also presented. In addition, the numerical technique's accuracy is demonstrated by comparing the numerical results with previously published numerical and experimental ones. According to that comparison, the transmission coefficient relies not only on the submergence of the horizontal impermeable plate and the height of the permeable breakwater, but also on the distance between horizontal plate and permeable breakwater. Results presented herein confirm that the transmission coefficient is minimum for the distance approximately equal to four times the water depth.     

位场异常分离的递减半径迭代法

本文提出了位场区域-剩余异常分离的空间域递减半径迭代法.由给定半径的圆周上八点位场值的算术平均导出一个新的八点圆周平均公式,它是一个由重磁数据计算区域异常的滤波器.该滤波器的传递函数有一主瓣和多个旁瓣,且半径越大,旁瓣越多,滤波器特性越差.由从大到小不同半径对应的传递函数的连乘积构造了递减半径迭代传递函数,它以大半径为参变量.递减半径迭代传递函数类似低通滤波器,其截止波数与大半径成反比.由递减半径迭代传递函数,给出空间域分离区域异常的递减半径线性迭代法,由重磁数据减去区域异常求得剩余异常.进一步,通过构造非线性修正系数,把空间域递减半径线性迭代法中线性迭代公式变成非线性迭代公式,得到空间域递减半径非线性迭代法.重磁理论模型及安徽泥河铁矿重磁资料的试验表明,空间域递减半径非线性迭代法可有效地压制假异常和高频干扰以及减少异常畸变,并能有效地分离出区域异常和剩余异常.     

频率域电磁法三维有限元正演线性方程组迭代算法

在三维频率域电磁法的正演模拟方法中,有限元方法具有计算精度高、适应性强的优点,近年来来得到了越来越多的关注.在正演过程中,主要的计算量集中在求解由偏微分方程组离散得到的线性方程组上,因此求解线性方程组关系着正演计算速度以及模拟精度.由于由有限元方法离散得到的复系数线性方程组条件数非常大,使用常规的迭代法和预条件很难收敛.目前大多数的研究工作采用直接解法,需要大量的计算机内存,限制了可求解问题的规模.本文研究了线性方程组的迭代解法,通过将复系数线性方程组转化为其实对称形式,构造分块对角预条件.在应用预条件的过程中,需要求解两个较小的实数方程,通过辅助空间解法求解.本文的算法适用于可控源电磁法和大地电磁法,对一系列的数值算例的模拟结果证明了迭代算法的效率,结果表明迭代算法可以在小于20次迭代内收敛,同时迭代次数与模型电阻率、问题规模和频率无关.     

Probability Data Screening Method in Airgun Signal Processing Application

The signal excited by the airgun source is weak, and is easily affected by human motion noise, instrument failure, and earthquake and blasting events, resulting in insufficient utilization of the amplitude information of the airgun signal. The effective removal of interference and the preservation of true amplitude information of the signal is difficult in airgun signal processing. Based on the randomness of noise and the highly repetitive characteristics of airgun signals, we propose probability data screening method. The airgun data from experiments conducted in the Ansha Reservoir and Shanmei Reservoir in Fujian Province in June, 2017 are taken as the research object to assess the effect in practical applications. The results show that the probability data screening method can automatically reject multiple interferences and effectively preserve the amplitude information of the signal by screening out large amplitude records in appropriate proportions. Compared with direct linear superposition, the probability-related linear superposition method can effectively reduce the impact of abnormal interference, and significantly improve the quality of the observed data.     

相关观测的L1范数最小化方法的比较分析

在抵御粗差影响方面,L_1范数最小化方法比最小二乘更具可靠性。求解L_1范数最小化问题,主要有选权迭代法和线性规划法两种方法。针对相关观测,通常采用权阵的对角线元素来构造L_1范数最小化问题的目标函数,这种处理方法容易忽略观测值之间的相关性。如果采用Cholesky分解消去观测值之间的相关性,则容易造成粗差的转移,进而影响抗差功效。本文对上述两种方法进行了比较分析,数值实验结果表明将相关观测转换为独立等权观测,有利于增强线性规划的稳健性,而在探测粗差方面则具有等价性。由于基于选权迭代的方法收敛性较差,故不适合求解L_1范数最小化问题。     

新疆天文台26米望远镜L波段接收机线-圆偏振的转换

新疆天文台南山基地26 m射电望远镜L波段接收机使用线偏振馈源接收电磁波信号用于脉冲星观测。分子谱线观测和VLBI国际联测需要圆偏振信号,因此希望接收机能够观测圆偏振信号。论述了将线偏振电磁波转换为圆偏振电磁波的方案,研究了90 °电桥在偏振转换中的作用,介绍了偏振转换的调试方法。在圆偏振模块中使用90 °电桥完成线偏振信号到圆偏振信号的转换,两路圆偏振信号的隔离度达到使用要求,满足圆偏振观测的需求。这种线偏振信号到圆偏振信号的转换方式不影响接收机的系统温度。     

Application of potential flow methods to fast displacement ships at transcritical speeds in shallow water

Computer codes implementing three different numerical methods for the prediction of ship squat at transcritical speeds in shallow open-water are tested. SlenderFlow is a potential flow code specifically for ships in very shallow water, based on partially dispersive slender body theory. Flotilla is a potential flow code based on fully dispersive thin-ship theory. Rapid is a general nonlinear free-surface panel code. Code predictions of transcritical sinkage, trim and resistance in laterally unrestricted water were compared to the experimental results of Graff (1964) for two Taylor series hulls in a finite-width towing tank. Once tank width effects were accounted for, each of the three codes was found to give good predictions within the valid range of the underlying theory. A simple method for estimating transcritical wave resistance from trim is presented.     

混合范数下的最优化反演方法

在求解地球物理反问题时,通常根据最小二乘准则构造目标函数进行反演,并在实践中得到了广泛的应用.为进一步增强反演的稳健性及减少多解性,不损失反演结果的分辨率,本文提出了混合范数下的最优化反演方法,它根据数据和模型可能服从不同的概率分布,对数据空间和模型空间采用不同的范数来构造目标函数.在给出目标函数的基础上,导出了混合范数下的线性反演方程.由于该线性反演方程的复杂性,我们采用混合范数下迭代再加权共轭梯度法进行求解.最后,通过对模拟的电阻率数据进行反演,验证了本文计算方法是可行的.     

线性光谱混合模型影响因子不确定性定量研究

线性光谱混合模型(Linear Spectral Mixing Model,LSMM)是一种像元分解模型,由于其简单和易操作性的特点,在目前亚像元研究中应用颇为广泛。其分离精度受多种因素的影响,但目前对该模型的研究多集中在对模型本身的线性假设评价及端元光谱选取方法上,而忽略了模型应用的环境条件(大气反射、散射、地形起伏等)对模型分解精度的影响等。本文以线性光谱模型提取植被分量为例,探讨环境大气条件、地形因素对模型精度影响的不确定性。研究将数据处理为四个层次,即原始的ASTER数据,利用MODTRAN进行大气校正的数据,经C-地形校正的数据,同时进行了大气校正和地形校正的数据。然后在四个层次上依次提取植被丰度,并将其和NDVI进行线性回归分析,检验植被丰度的分离精度,从而量化大气、地形等因子对LSMM的影响程度。研究结果表明:大气条件、地形因素都会制约LSMM分离精度的提高,特别在有地形起伏的中小空间尺度范围内,地形因子对线性光谱混合模型的影响远大于大气影响。     

基于四叉树的LOD地形模型及其数据组织方法研究

针对大规模地形可视化中地形数据的组织方法进行了研究,设计了一种基于线性四叉树结构的静态LOD地形模型,采用重采样、分层分块的方法来组织任意格网大小的海量地形数据。在此基础上,对数据动态调度过程中的相关问题进行了分析,地形块的快速索引、边界裂缝消除等方法的运用,提高了地形漫游的效率与可视化效果。实验结果表明,该研究成果可以满足大规模地形数据的实时可视化操作要求。