A comparative micromechanical analysis of the effective properties of a geomaterial: Effect of mineralogical compositions

In order to provide a physical interpretation of the variation of the mechanical properties of Callovo-Oxfordian argillite with mineral composition, we implement three linear homogenization schemes. The argillite is modeled as a three phase material composed of a clay matrix and inclusions of quartz and calcite. It is shown that, unlike the dilute scheme and the self-consistent scheme, the Mori-Tanaka model describes the in situ experimental data well. The determined properties are finally used in a finite element computation. The aim is to evaluate the effect of mineral composition on the elastic response of the excavation of a vertical shaft in the context of the underground laboratory of Meuse/Haute Marne.     

Relationship between cross-equatorial flows over the Bay of Bengal and Australia in boreal summer:Role of tropical diabatic heating

本文通过对1979-2017年夏季925 hPa经向风异常进行经验正交函数(EOF)分解,研究了亚澳季风区内越赤道气流的年际变化特征.结果表明,越赤道气流的第一模态表现为亚澳季风区内不同通道间的同相变化,即一致加强或减弱;第二模态表现为孟加拉湾和澳大利亚越赤道气流的反相变化,其中新几内亚和孟加拉湾越赤道气流的反相变化最...     

基于测风塔观测资料的近地层风速平面订正

利用辽宁和吉林省24座测风塔风速观测资料,应用线性回归方法对高分辨率中尺度模式近地层风速预报产品进行订正。首先通过4组不同的订正实验分析训练样本长度、样本滚动方式等对订正效果的影响,确定单点订正最佳方案,并综合线性方法在东北地区不同下垫面条件下的适用性;然后应用24座测风塔已确定的单点订正关系,尝试区域风速的平面订正,并基于剩余23座测风塔资料对全场订正效果进行评估。结果表明：训练样本的长度对订正效果影响较明显,在东北地区训练样本长度取20 d效果最佳;当训练样本长度取最优天数时,滚动系数的订正效果与固定系数的订正效果基本一致;各种下垫面通过线性订正均能取得较明显提高,其中丘陵地区效果最明显,通过订正均方根误差整体降低1.61 m·s^-1,平原地区为0.95 m·s^-1,沿海地区为0.91 m·s^-1;平面风速订正实验显示,订正关系平面外推可取得明显的订正效果,全场平均绝对误差降低0.20 m·s^-1,该方法可为订正资料匮乏区域的预报提供参考。     

Three dimensional application of the complementary mild-slope equation

The complementary mild-slope equation (CMSE) is a depth-integrated equation, which models refraction and diffraction of linear time-harmonic water waves. For 2D problems, it was shown to give better agreements with exact linear theory compared to other mild-slope (MS) type equations. However, no reference was given to 3D problems. In contrast to other MS-type models, the CMSE is derived in terms of a stream function vector rather than in terms of a velocity potential. For the 3D case, this complicates the governing equation and creates difficulties in formulating an adequate number of boundary conditions. In this paper, the CMSE is re-derived using Hamilton's principle from the Irrotational Green–Naghdi equations with a correction for the 3D case. A parabolic version of it is presented as well. The additional boundary conditions needed for 3D problems are constructed using the irrotationality condition. The CMSE is compared with an analytical solution and wave tank experiments for 3D problems. The results show very good agreement.     

Unique identification of vector geographic objects by location and geometry

This article presents a method to uniquely identify vector geographic objects based on their spatial position and geometric characteristics. The method comprises three steps. First, a grid-based spatial indexing (Quadtree grid) is automatically generated according to location, shape and size of the geographic objects. This allows for a simple Quadtree grid generation (the level, row and column number) for every geographic object by three grid parameters (origin, start and end size). Second, a set of algorithms have been developed for extracting geometric characteristics (e.g. representative points, outline and orientation) of geographic objects corresponding to the grid. Third, a strategy for the unique identification of geographic objects is proposed in order to integrate the Quadtree grid and the geometric information. The application of the proposed method is presented in a case study conducted in Jiangsu Province, China. The experiment indicates that this method is more efficient than existing methods at positioning, searching and querying. The unique identifier is also shown to be useful as a technical method to support geographic information systems analytical applications, such as the matching, conflating and sharing of spatial objects.     

基于GIS的福州市生态环境遥感综合评价模型

在ENVI软件的支持下,利用TM卫星遥感数据提取福州市生态环境评价因子;利用1 10万地形数据,在GIS环境下生成高程和坡度(由等高线生成)栅格数据,并通过ERDAS转换成ENVI可读的数据格式,经过投影转换,使之与提取的环境因子进行复合,生成综合影像;通过线性回归方法确定植被、水分、热容量、土壤及地形等因子的权重,建立福州市生态环境遥感评价模型,并利用该模型对福州市的生态环境进行评价。     

澜沧老厂矿床线-环结构模式拟建及成矿预测

根据矿床遥感地质理论，解译分析老厂矿床线、环构造及蚀变信息，并结合地质、物化探信息，拟建老厂矿床线-环结构模 式。在区域性北西向线性构造带遥感地质背景下，南北轴向南老环和东西轴向透镜体系列叠加形成老厂环-环横叠式结构，二者分 别反映华力西期火山洼地和燕山-喜山期隐伏中酸性岩体，其叠加地段是有利成矿部位。影像上受北北西向线性构造控制的色调异 常斑块显示了近矿围岩蚀变的范围，并据此模式进行成矿预测。     

银川地堑地震背景与近期地震活动趋势初步分析

地震地质及历史地震资料分析表明，银川地堑存在强震孕育和发生的地质构造背景。现代地震活动、地震能量积累和线性预测研究结果表明，银川地堑尚不存在发生大震的动态背景，5级左右的中强地震仍有可能在吴忠-灵武-带发生。     

Epipolar resampling of linear pushbroom satellite imagery by a new epipolarity model

This paper presents a practical epipolarity model for high-resolution linear pushbroom satellite images acquired in either along-track or cross-track mode, based on the projection reference plane in object space. A new method for epipolar resampling of satellite stereo imagery based on this model is then developed. In this method, the pixel-to-pixel relationship between the original image and the generated epipolar image is established directly by the geometric sensor model. The approximate epipolar images are generated in a manner similar to digital image rectification. In addition, by arranging the approximate epipolar lines on the defined projection reference plane, a stereoscopic model with consistent ground sampling distance and parallel to the object space is thus available, which is more convenient for three-dimensional measurement and interpretation. The results obtained from SPOT5, IKONOS, IRS-P5, and QuickBird stereo images indicate that the generated epipolar images all achieve high accuracy. Moreover, the vertical parallaxes at check points are at sub-pixel level, thus proving the feasibility, correctness, and applicability of the method.     

基于混合像元分解的南方地区植被覆盖度遥感监测——以广州市为例

通过测量图像端元的地表反射率,对遥感图像进行精确大气校正;在对混合像元分解模型进行改进的基础上,建立了基于地表反射率的线性混合像元分解( Liner Spectral Unmixing,LSU)模型,有效地避免了因大气时间、空间差异所造成的多时相误差,实现了多时相对比;通过增加土壤湿度因子,消除了土壤湿度差异造成的误差...