正定矩阵的三角分解及其在测量平差中的应用

介绍正定矩阵的三角分解方法；讨论利用正定矩阵三角分解，求线性对称方程组中未知数、未知数函数，以及方程组系数矩阵逆阵的方法；给出了相应计算的紧凑格式和在测量平差中的应用实例。     

线性时滞系统的近似变结构控制

为了回避时延现象的存在给变结构控制方案中滑动模态的恰当定义及保证其渐近稳定的切换函数参数矩阵的确定带来的诸多不便和困难,对于线性时滞系统,首先根据帕德近似公式对其模型作近似处理,然后再采用变结构控制。该控制方案具有一定的应用价值。     

二维控制场中控制点像点坐标的自动提取与识别

本文给出了一种二维控制场中控制点像点坐标自动提取与识别的原理以及实现方法，并编制程序试验，取得了较高的精度和良好的识别效果。主要实现方法包括直接线性变换、Hough变换、最小二乘拟合等，特别适用于控制点数量较多的大型二维控制场。     

基于ArcGIS与ArcObjects的线性参考系统的建立与应用

公路,铁路,河流等线性物体通常用沿线路的相对距离来确定线路上点或线的位置,而线性物体在地理信息系统当中一般用二维坐标系统来模拟,用常规的方法根据相对位置计算位置点的x、y坐标有一定的误差.本文重点介绍了线性参考系统的概念,并提出了基于ArcGIS的线性参考系统的建立与基于ArcObjects的线性参考系统的开发应用相结合的解决方法.     

A bound for the Euclidean norm of the difference between the best linear unbiased estimator and a linear unbiased estimator

 A bound is established for the Euclidean norm of the difference between the best linear unbiased estimator and any linear unbiased estimator in the general linear model. The bound involves the spectral norm of the difference between the dispersion matrices of the two estimators, and the residual sum of squares, all evaluated at the assumed model, but is independent of the provenance of the observation vector at hand. The bound, a straightforward consequence of first principles in Gauss–Markov theory, generalizes previous results on the difference between the best linear unbiased estimator and the ordinary least-squares estimator. In a numerical example from repeated precise levelling, the bound is used to analyse the sensitivity of estimates of vertical motion to the choice of estimator. Received: 9 September 1999 / Accepted: 15 March 2002     

2001年4月22日阳江4.2级地震前部分地震波参数变化特征

应用广东数字遥测地震台网的数字化的地震形资料，研究阳江地震前，地震波波形时间线性度、平均半周期和地震波波形空间线性度等地震波参数变化特征。结果表明，震前半年时间内，上述地震波参数不同程度地出现下降异常。利用线性偏振度自动检测的P、S波初至具有可靠的精度，为广泛利用地震波参数预报地震提供了方便。     

线性光谱混合模型的适用观测尺度分析

线性光谱混合模型是目前应用最广泛的光谱混合模型,但由于遥感观测多分辨率的特点,模型的适用性会受到尺度效应的影响。为探索该模型在不同观测尺度下的适用程度,本文从地物辐射原理出发,通过理论推导微面元辐射通量表达式,得出地物辐射通量除了与端元反射率和面积比有关外,也与天顶角存在显著的非线性关系。因此,在线性光谱混合模型和微面元辐射通量的基础上,推导了更具普适性的积分线性光谱混合模型的表达式,再采用数值模拟的方法,计算了两模型的相对差值Δρ,结果表明Δρ的大小仅与探测单元的半瞬时视场角β有关,并通过实测光谱实验对上述推论进行了验证。研究表明,当β13°时,Δρ较小,线性光谱混合模型是积分线性光谱混合模型的一种近似表达形式,β完全可作为确定线性光谱混合模型适用观测尺度的关键依据,并且该模型的适用程度随β的增大而降低。     

Alternative approach for dynamic-positioning thrust allocation using linear pseudo-inverse model

Application of ship Dynamic-Positioning systems strongly depends on physical ability of actuators (Thrusters) in providing commanded loads. This will consequently introduce some constraints and limitations to Thrust Allocation problem in design and control of such systems. However, there is a special case in which a simple explicit solution could be found by fixing orientation of azimuth thruster relative to vessel regarded as linear model. In this paper, three new alternative approaches based on linear model are introduced. Case study is a time domain simulation of Station-Keeping (instant Point-Tracking) operation for a supply vessel called Northern Clipper in North Sea with Beaufort number 6. As is evident by results, these approaches improve maneuvering performance and power consumption efficiency compared to the conventional linear model. Results show improved robustness of yaw control in Point-Tracking operation and decreased overall consumption of power compared to linear model. Furthermore, it is apparent from the results that these approaches are particularly efficient in tunnel thrusters compared to linear counterpart.     

Generating basis sets of double differences

When a collection of double differences is used to compute global-positioning-system satellite orbits from a permanent network of receiving stations, linear dependence among the double-differenced observations reduces the number of double differences that contribute new information to the computations. A maximal linearly independent subset of a large collection of double differences contains all the information content of the full set. If r is the number of receivers and s is the number of satellites, the original collection of double differences may have size O(r ² s ²), whereas the linearly independent subset has size no greater than O(rs). Only such a smaller independent subset needs to participate in the more expensive double-precision matrix computations to correctly correlate all double differences, detect cycle slips, resolve ambiguities, and compute satellite orbits and station positions and relative velocities. Dependence among double differences is characterized using vector space methods together with geometric characterizations of Boolean matrices. These characterizations lend themselves to fast, robust algorithms for computing maximal linearly independent sets (bases) of double differences. An algorithm is given for constructing a generating independent set of double differences from the Boolean array of receiving-station/satellite connections. Characterizations of generator equivalence allow alternative generating sets to be identified and selected. An updating algorithm to handle local changes in the satellite–receiver connection matrix is also described. Received: 27 August 1996 / Accepted: 28 January 1999     

海水中酚类有机物在粘土或沉积物上吸附特性的模拟研究

研究了海水中７种酚类有机污染物在粘土矿物及海洋沉积物上的吸附特征;发现了酚在粘土或沉积物上的吸附平衡常数与其水溶解度之间的线性自由能关系,。