基于WebGIS的石人山自然保护区管理信息系统的设计与实现

针对石人山自然保护区环境特点,结合其管理信息系统的需求,利用ArcGIS平台的ArcGIS Server和Arc-GIS Engine技术,借助Microsoft Visual Studio.NET开发平台,提出基于B/S和C/S的混合模式结构来构建石人山信息管理系统的思想,设计了系统的框架结构、功能模块和数据库,根据系统目标开发了系统。最后将本系统进行了初步应用,应用结果表明本系统按照系统目标的要求达到了预期的效果,能够提高石人山管理部门的工作效率,促进石人山自然保护区的环境、经济、社会协调可持续发展。     

缅甸达贡山风化壳型硅酸镍矿床

矿床产于超基性岩顶部的风化壳硅镁镍矿层中,超基性岩方辉橄榄岩是成矿母岩和矿体直接载体。矿石为硅酸镍氧化矿石,镍以类质同象存在于硅酸盐矿物中。具有典型的风化壳型硅酸镍矿床特点。     

Producing nature and making the state: Ordenamiento territorial in the Pacific lowlands of Colombia

In this paper, we explore how ordenamiento territorial, a territorial zoning policy in the 1991 Colombian Constitution remakes nature and helps constitute the state in the “economically backward” but “biodiversity rich” Pacific lowlands region. We draw on Gramscian insights on hegemony and the importance of conjunctures to trace how changes in the new Constitution and global biogeopolitics reconfigure nature and state power through the mandates of sustainable development, economic growth, and the conservation of biological and cultural diversity. Finally, we contribute to the literature on political ecology by showing how the political power of the state, nature, and capital are interwoven materially and symbolically in complex and contradictory ways.     

Raw hides: Hegemony and cattle in Guatemala’s northern lowlands

As a microcosm of the global livestock-climate problem, this tale of two hegemonies explores how and why two critical constituencies—development planners and conservation professionals—have failed to see the “raw hides” of cattle’s impact on the Maya Biosphere Reserve in northern Guatemala. Based on ethnographic research carried out between 1993 and 2007, this paper seeks to explain the idealization, persistence, and normalization of cattle as a land use in Petén from the colonial period to the present. Framed with a Gramscian analysis of the critical role of organic intellectuals in catalyzing social change, I explore the mental feedback loops reinforcing other social and environmental causes of land degradation in this region. After presenting data on the historical expansion of cattle into the Guatemalan lowlands through government colonization programs, I describe how multilateral lending agencies like the World Bank continue to corral development plans in the region. The next part of the paper explores the complex and ambiguous relations between conservation professionals and the ranching sector. I then conclude with a discussion of how global trade and infrastructure projects such as the Puebla to Panama Plan and the Central America Free Trade Agreement will further mask the hegemonic hides of cattle.     

福建建瓯万木林柑橘与锥栗凋落物数量、组成及动态

2010年1-12月,对福建省建瓯市万木林保护区内的柑橘（CitrusreticulataBlanco）和锥栗（Castaneahenryi）凋落物的组成及动态进行观测研究,结果表明：柑橘和锥栗的年凋落物量分别为2315．47±149．02kg·hm^-2·a^-1和2414．62±211．05kg·hm^-2·a^-1,凋落物均以落叶为主,分别占到年总凋落物量的57．6％和50．7％,落花和落果在凋落物中所占比例较大;经方差分析检验,柑橘和锥栗的落枝、落花和杂物差异显著（P〈0．05）,其他组分差异不显著;柑橘与锥栗凋落物量季节变化曲线均呈双峰型,柑橘凋落物量在3月和7月出现2次较大峰值,而锥栗凋落物量峰值则出现在6月和11月．     

鄱阳湖自然保护区网络体系建设的探索与尝试

鄱阳湖是国际重要湿地,是中国最大的淡水湖,也是亚洲最大的水禽越冬地,是白鹤、东方白鹳、鸿雁和小天鹅等珍稀水禽全球最主要的越冬地之一。为保护好鄱阳湖湿地生态系统,保护好鄱阳湖珍稀水禽及其栖息地,江西省人民政府先后在鄱阳湖建立了15个自然保护区(国家级2个、省级2个,其余为县级),这15个自然保护区构成了原有的自然保护区网络体系。由于县级保护区保护管理功能的缺失,使得原有的自然保护区体系发挥的作用十分有限,因此需要尝试建立新的自然保护区网络体系。新的鄱阳湖自然保护区网络体系由鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区的11个保护管理(监测)站和南矶湿地国家级自然保护区的保护管理站共同组成,同时还包括鄱阳湖区越冬候鸟和湿地联合保护委员会、护鸟员和信息员队伍以及奖励机制。目前,新的网络体系存在新建保护监测站职能不明确和人员不足等问题,一定程度上制约了保护管理功能的发挥。为更好地发挥鄱阳湖自然保护区网络体系的作用,加强鄱阳湖自然保护区网络体系的建设十分必要,建议国家和地方政府给予更多的政策和资金支持。     

兴凯湖国家级自然保护区管理现状探析

兴凯湖国家级自然保护区是我国三江平原建立最早的湿地类型保护区之一,在复杂而艰难的发展过程中,形成了独特的社区共管发展模式,保全了大量的天然湿地及珍稀动植物,走向了跨界联合保护之路。本文结合保护区发展的新形势,从政策法规、资金投入、管理体制和社区关系等方面分析利弊,提出一些有益于该保护区发展的建设性意见和措施。     

Late Holocene vegetation in the Azraq Wetland Reserve, Jordan

Shifts in aquatic and terrestrial vegetation associations and hydrology during the past > 3100 yr are indicated by the pollen and sediment sequences in a core retrieved from the Azraq wetland, Jordan. The pollen sequence provides evidence for a relatively stable wetland during the period of study until ca. AD 1400 when the wetland apparently declined as desert shrubland expanded. Springs continually supplied fresh water that maintained the shallow pools and marsh. In periods of increased winter precipitation, runoff from the surrounding wadis may have inundated the wetland and deposited silts and clays. During dryer episodes the influx of winter storm water would have been much less but the springs would have still provided water to the wetland and deposited peat. This is shown by the sequences of clay, silty and sandy clay loam, and peat in the core.     

广东石门台国家级自然保护区及毗邻区域 “假林线”时空变化特征

基于3S技术,利用2011和2015年2期不同时相高分辨率QuickBird影像和DEM数据,研究了广东石门台国家级自然保护区及毗邻区域“假林线”的时空变化特征。结果表明：1）该区域“假林线”分布的海拔介于317~1 569 m,其中80%集中分布在700~1 200 m的范围内。2）与2011年相比,2015年“假林线”在不同坡度和坡向上分布的平均海拔总体呈上升趋势,但变化不显著（P＞0.1）。3）“假林线”主要分布在5°~35°的坡度,极少出现在＜2°的平地或＞55°的垂直坡上。不同坡向“假林线”海拔分布存在很大差异（P＜0.001）,呈现出北坡高于南坡,东坡略高于西坡的特点。各坡向上“假林线”海拔分布的最大值出现在西北坡,最小值出现在南坡。