IMU/DGPS supported photogrammetry in China

<正>People'sRepublicofChinaisoneofthemostrapidlydevelopingcountriesintheworldtoday.Thereisagreatdemandonhighlyactualandaccuratespatialinformationofthewholecountry,especiallyofWestChinawhichbecomesthefocusofdevelopmentoftheChinesegovernmentrightnowandinthenextyears,butwherestillnotenoughtopographicmapsareavailable.ThisraisesgreatchallengestothesurveyingandmappingcommunityinChina.FacingthenewchallengestheChineseAcademyofSurveyingandMapping(CASM)starteditspioneerworkearly2002toexplorenewtechniquesandtechnologiesavailabletodaytowardincreasingthemapproductivity.WithimportofaCCNS/AEROcontrolsysteminNovember2002,thefirstDGPS/IMU-basedphotogrammetricprojectinChinawassuccessfullyaccomplishedjointlybyCASM,theGermany-basedcompaniesIGIandTechedge.Twophotogrammetricblocksof1:4,000and1:20,000photoscales,respectively,wereflowninAnyang,China.Directgeoreferencingandintegratedsensororientationwereconducted.Resultsachievedwereprovenbyusinggroundcheckpointsandcomparedwiththoseofaerialtriangulation.Orthophotosgeneratedbasedondir     

对地质勘查组织“产品”设计的理解

从讨论ISO 9000:2000标准“设计和开发”的定义出发,对地质勘查组织的的产品、产品质量特性和产品的设计进行了讨论,提出了地质勘查组织产品设计与标准中规定的设计和开发的概念以及对应关系,并对标准中的“设计和开发”与地质勘查组织“设计与开发”的内容进行了对比分析。     

浅谈ISO9001质量管理体系在生产实践中的有效性

应用ISO9000族标准建立和完善质量管理体系是广大测绘单位提高市场竞争力的有效途径。本文结合笔者单位贯彻执行ISO9001质量管理体系6年来的实践,阐明其在生产实践中的有效性。     

浅谈ISO9001质量管理体系在生产实践中的有效性

应用ISO9000族标准建立和完善质量管理体系是广大测绘单位提高市场竞争力的有效途径。本文结合笔者单位贯彻执行ISO9001质量管理体系6年来的实践,阐明其在生产实践中的有效性。     

地图质量特性浅析

ISO9000标准所规定的要求是通用的,适用于各种类型、不同规模和提供不同产品的组织,同样地,也适用于地图的制作过程。本文试图通过对ISO9000标准调准条款的解读,分析纸质地图出版物的质量特性,以期找出提高地图产品质量的渠道和改进、创新产品的途径。     

空间互操作框架集成模式分析

空间互操作已经成为地理信息共享领域研究的重要内容,广义的空间互操作也逐渐成为空间共享技术的代名词。虽着空间互操作研究的深入,空间互操作的模式与方法也逐步多样化起来。本文分别对基于语义空间数据互操作模式,开放式地理数据互操作规范与分布式异构数据库互操作框架,主流GIS平台互操作产品以及ISO/TC211的空间互操作服务体系结构进行分析的基础上,提出了改善各种互操作技术,以提升互操作性能的方法,指出了空间互操作技术框架的发展规律与趋势。从数据转换到开放文件格式,从标准交换格式到应用程序接口,从空间数据库到Web服务的集成,随着时间和互操作技术的发展,互操作的性能也在逐步提升。     

ISO9660光盘文件系统在COSIX操作系统上的实现

分析了COSIX文件系统的主要结构和工作原理,阐述了CD-ROM文件系统的组成结构和实现原理。在COSIX文件系统的基础上设计和实现了光盘文件系统,为用户提供了一致的访问方式,访问符合IS09660标准的CD-ROM上的文件。     

ISO900质量管理体系在高校经营性资产运行风险控制上的应用

根据高校校有企业的现实和改制的要求,对高校经营性资产运行中的风险环节进行了具体、客观的分析,针对存在的风险,引入了ISO9000质量管理体系的思想和管理方法,探索了ISO9000质量管理体系在风险控制上的应用,提出设立独立的风险控制部门,对经营性资产运行过程中可能发生的投资、财务和法律风险进行控制,并使风险控制工作得到持续的改进。     

ISO Best Practices in Reference Material Certification and Use in Geoanalysis

The International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) has published many guides, or technical standards, of great value to analytical geochemists. Two of particular importance are Guide 33 (Uses of Certified Reference Materials) and Guide 35 (Certification of Reference Materials). Both were first developed in the 1980s and undergo regular review and updating by the Reference Materials Committee (REMCO) that operates within ISO. Recent revisions have focused on adding statistical rigour to both guides. Although this offers significant advantages for use by professional metrologists, there are consequent issues of comprehension by the analytical chemists who in fact have the greatest need of them. A major focus of Guide 35 is the development of reference material uncertainties that are in full compliance with the Guide on Measurement Uncertainty (GUM), jointly issued by ISO, IUPAC and others. Guide 35 details handling of uncertainty due to (1) degradation on the shelf and in transport, (2) sample heterogeneity and (3) inter‐method and inter‐laboratory bias, as well as within‐laboratory repeatability. The International Association of Geoanalysts has developed a protocol for reference material certification that applies Guide 35 to the specific needs of the geoanalytical community. The approach being taken by the IAG in developing GUM‐compliant uncertainties for its certified values is presented. Recommendations made in Guide 33 for how a laboratory should compare its own results with certified values in assessing laboratory accuracy are outlined. Additionally, the subject of misusing reference materials is discussed. The apparent misuse occurs because so few CRMs exist that meet critical measurement needs of geoanalytical laboratories and that also meet the rigorous metrological demands of the latest editions of the ISO Guides. All of the focus of the IAG certification programme has been to undertake certifications that would fill gaps in CRM availability and thus serve to limit this misuse.     

Development of a system of indicators for sustainable port management

The 1998 project ECOPORT, “Towards A Sustainable Transport Network”, developed by the Valencia Port Authority (VPA), established the bases for implementing an Environmental Management System (EMS) in industrial harbours. The use of data and information shall always be required to develop an efficient EMS. The objective of the present research (INDAPORT) study is to propose a system of sustainable environmental management indicators to be used by any port authorities. All activities performed within a port area are analysed for any potential environmental impacts and risks.

An environmental analysis of port activities has been carried out with the objective of designing the indicators system. Twenty-one corresponding activities have been identified for large industrial ports. Subsequently, the same methodology developed to date will be later applied to other Spanish and European ports. The study has been developed by using an original system and a methodology, which simultaneously use stage diagrams and systemic models (material and energy flow charts). Multi-criteria analysis techniques were used to evaluate potential impacts (identification of factors and evaluation of impacts).