广州市登革热时空传播特征及影响因素

以广州市主城区为研究区,着眼于街道等微观尺度,首先通过实地调查分析法、核密度分析法、标准差椭圆法,探究登革热时空传播特征;其次结合交叉相关性分析法与地理探测器,分析温度、湿度、气压、用地类型对登革热传播的影响,讨论了不同用地类型交互作用与登革热扩散的关系。研究表明：1）登革热时空传播具明显的阶段性特征,多发生于居住环境较差、人口密度较高的区域,并快速向外扩散;2)登革热发展初期,以输入型病例为主;3）环境较差、老年人口众多、人员构成复杂、交通便捷的老城区是登革热高爆发风险区域;4）温度、湿度、气压对登革热传播存在显著滞后性影响关系,温度、湿度与登革热传播呈正相关关系,气压与登革热传播呈负相关关系;5）居民人口分布与登革热传播关系最为密切,池塘、农田、草地、公共绿地交互地区会增加登革热传播风险。     

广州漱珠涌历史文化景观与旅游开发

位于广州海珠区西北部的漱珠涌在上世纪六七十年代已被覆盖改造成为地下排污渠,从此它作为一条河涌连同名字在广州地图上消失了。百年前,这条涌曾经十分繁华,时人称其不让秦淮。这一带是清代广州"河南"地区商业开发最早的区域,又是清代中国最早对外开放的旅游区之一,曾经蜚声海外。当年许多中外画家、摄影师、诗人和志书编撰者为后人留下了许多有关漱珠涌的文字与形象资料,使我们今天仍能窥得漱珠涌昔日的辉煌。为了让人们留住广州城市发展的这一份历史记忆,文中提出建设一个集休闲、娱乐、美食、购物、旅游于一体的漱珠涌历史文化旅游区,重现漱珠涌的历史文化风貌。这将是一个很大的系统工程。其中,如何治理漱珠涌污染,发挥漱珠涌在水利、生态、美学、休闲游憩等方面的综合功能,是一个困难而又必须解决的关键问题。     

Evaluating the Temporal and Spatial Urban Expansion Patterns of Guangzhou from 1979 to 2003 by Remote Sensing and GIS Methods

China has experienced and is experiencing expeditious urban expansion in the recent decades, especially in the coastal areas and big cities. Rapid urban expansion and dramatic changes of landscape have caused great economic, environmental and social impacts consequently. It is crucial to understand urban temporal, spatial expansion patterns and their related effects. In this paper, urban expansion of Guangzhou, a rapid growing city in south‐east China, from 1979 to 2003 is studied temporally and spatially. Four time ranges including 1979–1990, 1990–1995, 1995–2000 and 2000–2003 are designed and the urban expansion area, expansion rate and the spatial expansion pattern are discussed by using remote sensing data and Geographical Information System (GIS) tool. Two transects are designed along two axes of Guangzhou expansion and the structural of urban expansion patches at different orientations are compared in order to quantitively understand the urban expansion of Guangzhou during the past 24 years. The gradient analysis integrating multi‐temporal data is performed in order to analyze and compare the spatial and temporal dynamics of urban expansion. Two indices of compactness and fractal dimensional index are used to describe the urban developing pattern in the study time durations. And the influence of different types of traffic roads to urban expansion is evaluated using the buffer analysis of GIS. The results show that: (1) temporally, urban area of Guangzhou increase 296.54 km² from 141.15 km² in 1979 to 437.70 km² in 2003 and the increasing rate is up to 210.08%; (2) spatially, Guangzhou has different urban expanding directions in different stages and the general expanding directions are towards northeast, north, southeast and north in four studied time ranges; (3) transportation lines play a very important role in urban expansion of Guangzhou, but different types of road have different impacts. National roads and highways exhibit stronger control to urban expansion than provincial roads; and (4) expansion of Guangzhou has gradually changed from a compact pattern to leapfrogging and disordering patterns.     

Investigating the land use characteristics of urban integration based on remote sensing data: experience from Guangzhou and Foshan

Abstract

Urban integration is an increasingly popular phenomenon. It is important to characterize the dynamic processes of urban integration from the perspective of geography. However, previous studies mainly focussed on the overall characteristics of a single entity and failed to consider inter-city influences. Therefore, this study aims to systematically investigate this phenomenon. Firstly, spatial clustering technique and landscape metric were used to analyze the temporal change of spatial layout. Secondly, we built multiple ring buffers of city boundary to reveal the directional differences in urban expansion. Lastly, we compared the observed land use data with the results simulated by cellular automata model. These experiments have shown that the urban expansion characteristics during the urban integration process are rather different from those of a single city, and the above methodology can effectively characterize the urban integration phenomenon. The successful example of Guangzhou–Foshan integration could also provide practical experience for other similar attempts.     

广州城市公园绿地投入与环境效益产出的分析——基于数据包络(DEA)方法的评价

遵循国外对绿地价值的评价方向,借鉴国内外研究中的数据包络分析方法,对尚少涉足的城市绿地效率评价进行研究.构建城市公园绿地投入与环境效益产出的指标体系,评价2001～2008年广州城市公园绿地的生态效率.其中,公园绿地的环境效益产出主要用了绿地的固碳释氧、净化空气、调节气候和城市滞尘四大功能的生态价值估测方法,以此量化城...     

广州市主要断裂带特征震源模型研究

在广州市目标区内的主要活动断层危险性评价的基础上,综合活断层探测的研究成果和资料,对于具有潜在发震可能的主要断层,基于凹凸体震源模型建模理论进行了特征计算模型的建模。根据断层地震危险性分析确定的断层发震震级和几何参数,进行了断层的宏观参数和微观参数的设定。为通过复核预测方法计算与合成近断层强地震动场和城市危害性评价提供了科学的依据。     

广州市城区地震地质灾害探讨

根据国内外强震作用下出现的地震地质灾害的背景条件,结合广州城区的地震地质环境,探讨了广州市城区在未来强震作用下可能出现的地震地质灾害类型和空间分布特征。     

广州外来研究生岭南文化融入研究

作为高校密集地之一,广州每年都有大量来自全国各地的学生来此读研深造。异地求学的过程,同时也是一个文化融入过程。首先采用语义集调查法,明晰外来研究生对岭南文化的3个基本审视基点：高消费经济、学术氛围差、竞争压力大。在此基础上,通过问卷调查对外来研究生群体对岭南文化的认知评价和适应范式进行了逐一剖析,总结得出其在岭南文化融入进程中表现出倾向于主动吸纳、自觉内化和行为仿同的融入特征,并呈现出较为理想的积极共存文化融入型态这一研究结论。     

广州城市化进程中郊区农民迁移意愿分析

以广州市10村为例,采用因子分析法对郊区农民的迁移意愿进行分析.结果表明,在城市化进程中,郊区农民进城的意愿不强,小城镇和卫星城是主要的拟迁目的地.因子分析发现,农民愿意进城的主要动因是城乡预期收入、失地压力、城乡预期生活收益、养老和望子成龙的心理,而乡土情结和小农心理、城乡意识淡泊、预期就业风险和搬迁成本、预期生计成本、农村既得权益等则是阻碍农民进城的主要动因.推进城市化的政策制定应充分考虑影响农民迁移意愿的因素.     

广州市汽车服务业布局实证研究

以广州市为研究区域,在总结汽车服务业发展历程的基础上,通过实证分析,认为经过20多年的发展,目前广州市汽车服务业的空间布局特征明显,在全市不同地域空间分布不均衡,在各个区的分布也存在明显数量差异;集聚趋势显著,大部分沿城市干道分布。影响广州市汽车服务业布局的因素主要有土地成本、市场、历史、关联产业、集聚效益、政府决策6个方面。