云南中甸热林岩体的成矿作用

热林矿区的热林复式花岗岩体,从早至晚、边部到中部,分出4个侵入体组成的同源岩浆细粒-中粒-斑状结构演化系列。成矿作用有差异,从而形成各具特色的矿床。     

西藏当雄南部约54Ma辉长岩-花岗岩杂岩的岩石成因及意义

近年来在拉萨地块南部识别的多处基性岩浆活动对揭示地幔源区成分和相关动力学问题提供了重要线索.本文对拉萨-当雄一带原认为是早白垩世茶苍卡辉长岩-浦迁花岗岩杂岩中获得了始新世幔源岩浆活动记录.研究区出露的3种岩石类型及其U-Pb锆石年龄分别是正长闪长岩、碱性角闪二长花岗岩(54.0±0.3Ma)和钾玄质碱性辉长岩(53.8±0.4Ma).其中辉长岩锆石εHf(t)值为-6.6～ -4.2、Hf模式年龄t(O)M为0.88 ～0.97Ga;二长花岗岩εHf(t)为-10.2～ -6.5,Hf地壳模式年龄tDMC为1.5 ～ 1.7Ga.三类岩石都具有富碱、富钾特征,它们具相似的稀土和微量元素含量,均显示大离子亲石元素和Pb富集、高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti和P亏损等特征.闪长岩和花岗岩的Sr和Nd同位素特征相似,87Sr/86 Sr比值为0.711 ～0.712,εNd(t)为-9.1 ～ -7.1;而辉长岩分别是0.708和-4.8～ -4.9.本文与拉萨地块南部和中部已有结果共同表明,新生代岩浆岩的分布与成分显示了与俯冲带极性吻合的规律性变化特征,即从雅鲁藏布缝合带向北,岩石的富集组分逐渐增加,越过洛巴堆-米拉山断裂带进入具有地壳基底的中部拉萨地块后,岩石则明显增加了地壳富集组分,很好显示了基底成分对岩浆作用的控制.拉萨地块南部大约47Ma开始出现的富集组分,很可能是中部拉萨地块富集的古老地壳基底物质参与和控制的结果,而与印度大陆地壳物质的俯冲无关.茶苍卡辉长岩可能来源于受到早期俯冲来源流体交代的富集岩石圈地幔物质的部分熔融,而茶苍卡角闪二长花岗岩主要来源于古老地壳物质的重熔,但是有幔源物质参与.茶苍卡辉长岩不同于典型岛弧玄武岩,而与板内玄武岩或伸展背景下形成的玄武质岩石类似,其成因很可能与大约52Ma的特提斯洋壳板片断离和岩浆大爆发有关.     

干旱区花岗岩体中地下坑道渗水的逻辑信息法评价

本文采用逻辑信息法对某干旱区花岗岩体中的地下坑道渗水进行了研究.对影响地下坑道渗水的因素进行了分析,确定了可能与地下坑道渗水相关的11个影响因子,并根据场地地下坑道渗水特征,将渗水严重程度分成4个级别,建立了所研究场地地下坑道渗水预测评价的逻辑信息法模型,得到了不同影响因子的权重.从计算得到的影响因子的权重可以看出,围...     

西秦岭洮坪地区花岗岩内部接触关系及等级体制填图

岩体内部接触关系的研究是花岗岩等级体制划分及填图的唯一途径。1:5万区调证实,以造山带复杂地壳组份为背景的西秦岭洮坪地区花岗岩类发育,其成因为以S型为主兼有Ⅰ型,因而兼有结构序列和成分序列双重演化规津。这对更有效地综合运用两种类型的划分方法和划分原则来进行超单元—单元划分并指导填图提供了方便。本文着重介绍划分原则、划分方案及野外识别复式岩浆侵入序次和演化序列等重要特征的内部接触关系。     

Dating of Pleistocene uranyl phosphates in the supergene alteration zone of Late Variscan granites by Laser-Ablation-Inductive-Coupled-Plasma Mass Spectrometry with a review of U minerals of geochronological relevance to Quaternary geology

Laser-Ablation-Inductive-Coupled-Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has proved to be a reliable tool to date metatorbernite–bassetite solid solution series in Pleistocene weathering pits developing on the surface of Late Variscan granites. The maximum age of weathering in these granites in NW Spain is 1.61 ± 0.01 Ma. The likelihood to find uranyl phosphates or silicates amenable to LA-ICP-MS dating increases with increasing silica content in the magmatic bedrocks (granites) and with decreasing grade during regional metamorphism (low-grade-stage/greenschist metamorphics) of the parent material. Uranyl vanadates may be used for geochronological studies during the Quaternary as well but they are confined to arid morphoclimatic zones.     

Early Mesoproterozoic bimodal plutonism in the southeastern Gawler Craton,South Australia

The Curramulka Gabbronorite on Yorke Peninsula, southeastern Gawler Craton has an emplacement age of 1589 ± 5 Ma. This is similar to previously determined ages for Arthurton Granite (1582 ± 7 Ma), Tickera Granite (ca 1600 – 1575 Ma), regional alteration, the Moonta – Wallaroo mineralisation (ca 1585 Ma) and localised deformation (Tiparra Deformation). Mesoproterozoic bimodal plutonism is interpreted to have resulted from mafic underplating, emplacement of mafic magmas during lithospheric attenuation and enhanced high heat flow assisting in melting of the lower crust to form the broadly A-type Arthurton and Tickera Granites. Plutonism either directly or indirectly created advective fluid-flow to form Cu – Au mineralisation in the Moonta – Wallaroo area. The nature and characteristics of Mesoproterozoic mafic bodies on the Gawler Craton are poorly known. The Curramulka Gabbronorite has a continental tholeiitic composition and igneous layering that is partly of cumulus origin but also contains magmatic segregations formed by fractionation. Some of these segregations have provided zircons for dating. This igneous layering is overprinted by two foliations of tectonic origin: the first is interpreted to be coeval with magma emplacement and the second with conjugate shearing accompanied by retrogression.     

印尼某铁矿区岩浆岩与磁铁矿成因关系

通过对印尼某铁矿区岩浆岩与磁铁矿关系的研究,认为该区主花岗岩体是成矿物质的主要来源;接触交代型是矿区主要成矿类型;正长细晶岩是主花岗岩体成岩后期残余岩浆充分结晶分异的产物;正长细晶岩与花岗岩之间及其内部赋存的磁铁矿在成因上属接触交代型磁铁矿经后期残余气液充填交代叠加所形成.     

糯扎渡电站坝基花岗岩工程地质及物理力学特性

糯扎渡水电站坝址区主要分布花岗岩,研究、认识花岗岩体工程地质特性,合理选择岩体物理力学参数,对大坝安全和经济十分重要.大量地质勘察及试验研究,对坝址区花岗岩体的成因、分布,及岩体质量等做出科学评价,提出合理且符合实际的力学参数指标建议值,为电站的建设提供了可靠的地质依据.     

西藏八宿花岗岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其构造意义

西藏八宿地区大地构造位置为冈底斯-念青唐古拉板块北东缘,紧邻班公湖-怒江结合带。区内出露有花岗岩体,包括花岗闪长岩和黑云母二长花岗岩,侵位于朱村组火山岩中。区域主要完成了1:25万区域地质调查,研究程度相对较低,有关花岗岩的报道较少。本次工作在详细野外调研的基础上,研究了花岗岩类的岩石学,地球化学和年代学特征来确定岩体的构造意义。在该地区获得花岗闪长岩和石英闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为119.7±1.2Ma和120.6±1.8Ma。岩体锆石ε_Hf(t)值为-10.42~-7.00,对应的地壳模式年龄为1624~1841Ma。地球化学特征反映壳源部分熔融成因,有地幔物质及热流参与,形成于板块俯冲构造环境。岩体北东侧的朱村组火山岩所获得的角闪英安岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为128±2Ma,较岩体早9Myr,属于同一岩浆事件产物,因此,八宿花岗岩与火山岩一样,属于伯舒拉岭火山岩浆弧的一部分,形成于怒江洋壳向冈底斯-念青唐古拉板块俯冲、消减的火山弧环境。八宿岩体很可能是在班公湖-怒江洋岩石圈向南俯冲的地球动力学背景下形成的。     

Micromorphological aspects of two forest soils development derived from igneous rocks in Lahijan, Iran

In order to characterize various micromorphologic properties of two forest soils derived from different parent rocks in Lahijan, and use the data collected from micromorphological analysis to interpret dominant pedogenic processes. Two representative soil pedons, granite (P1) and andesitic basalt (P2) were selected in a mountain landform with northwest aspect. Samples for thin section preparation were taken from each horizon by Kubiena boxes or clods. Micromorphological analysis of soils derived from these two soil pedons in eastern part of Lahijan (northern Iran) were conducted based on the physicochemical and mineralogical data. Micromorphological properties were characterized using a polarized light microscope under plain and cross light. Thin section study indicated that the nature of the parent material clearly affected the content of clay formation. It also showed that clay accumulation in the Bt horizons was not only due to clay illuviation (argillan), but that strong in situ weathering of primary minerals also contributed to the enrichment of clay in soils derived from andesitic basalt. Comparing the results of clay mineralogy obtained from X-ray diffraction (XRD) with microscopic studies revealed that birefringence fabric (b-fabric) of the groundmass was partly striated due to smectitic minerals in soil of andesitic basalt (Hapludalf), whereas speckled birefringence fabric was dominant in soil of granite (Udorthent) because of the absence of these minerals. We speculate that pores of skeletal fragments or microcracks in P1 were a place for illuvial clay protection. However, the main factor for illuvial clay film disruption (striation and deformation) was biological activity (faunal turbation and root pressure) in P1 and expandable minerals and faunal turbation in P2.