How to improve dating quality and reduce noise in tree-ring based debris-flow reconstructions

Tree rings have been used to reconstruct the occurrence of debris flows and other mass movements. Identification of past activity was typically based on the presence of growth anomalies in trees, with a focus on scars, stem tilting, trunk burial or apex decapitation. Clear guidelines have been missing so far and the dating of events has only rarely been based on thresholds so as to distinguish signal from noise. In a similar way, the spatial distribution of affected trees has not normally been considered in mass movement reconstructions, and was at best used as a subjective exclusion factor. This study therefore aims at improving dating quality of and reducing noise in debris-flow time series. Based on a dataset of 803 increment cores (385 trees) affected by debris flows, we reconstruct event histories using (i) a classical experts' approach, (ii) a weighted index (W_it) of responding trees as well as (iii) Moran's I and Getis–Ord Local Gi indices. We identify similarities and differences in results and then investigate subsets of the tree-ring sample to define ideal sampling positions on debris-flow cones and guidelines for sample depth.     

High-resolution optical spectroscopy of a newly discovered post-AGB star with a surprising metallicity in the globular cluster M79

An abundance analysis based on a high-resolution spectrum is presented for a newly discovered post-asymptotic giant branch (PAGB) star in the globular cluster M79. The surprising result is that the iron abundance of the star is apparently about 0.6 dex less than that of the cluster's red giants as reported by published studies including a recent high-resolution spectroscopic analysis by Carretta and colleagues. Abundances relative to iron appear to be the same for the PAGB star and the red giants for the 15 common elements. It is suggested that the explanation for the lower abundances of the PAGB star may be that its atmospheric structure differs from that of a classical atmosphere; the temperature gradient may be flatter than predicted by a classical atmosphere.     

八叉树与三维R*树集成的激光点云数据存储结构

针对海量激光点云数据组织与管理困难等问题,结合八叉树在三维空间上的快速收敛能力以及三维R^*树对不规则分布的多维点数据性能稳定的优势,提出了一种八叉树与三维R^*树集成的空间混合索引结构—3DOR^*树。首先,通过对激光点云数据进行八叉树划分;然后,对八叉树叶子节点构建三维R^*树,进而实现3DOR^*树索引结构的构建;最后,对激光点云数据进行特征分析,构建基于3DOR^*树的激光点云数据存储结构,实现基于3DOR^*树的激光点云存储与管理。本文以江西理工大学图书馆激光点云数据为例,进行实验对比分析,证明了基于3DOR^*树的激光点云数据存储结构比三维R^*树、八叉树与三维R树混合树等其他树形结构,具有高效的空间存储与查询等优势,可应用于海量激光点云数据存储、管理与分析应用。     

厄尔尼诺与拉尼娜

厄尔尼诺与拉尼娜现象是当前预报全球气候系统异常的最强信号 ,前者对全球气候不利影响要比后者大得多。史前记录表明 ,厄尔尼诺与拉尼娜现象不是近几十年才出现的 ,而是至少在15 0 0 0aB .P前就已存在了。从厄尔尼诺与拉尼娜现象演变来看 ,其出现的频率趋于愈加频繁之势     

ZC油田活性剂驱效果评价研究

通过实验物理模拟，确定HABS磺酸盐型阴离子表面活性剂作为化学驱三次采油的驱油剂，在ZC油田进行了为期一年的矿场先导性试验并做出效果评价，确证HABS表面活性剂驱在ZC油田起到了稳油控水、增产挖潜的作用，有明显的经济效益。     

龙门山及其邻区的构造和地震活动及动力学

论述了龙门山推覆构造带、岷山隆起、成都平原和龙泉山地区的构造和地震活动，讨论了构造活动特点和演化历史，并分析了它们的形成机制和动力学问题     

Variations of Eu/Eu* ratio in Vendian shales of the Volga-Ural region and the boundary traced between the Redkino and Kotlin Horizons

Variations of Eu/Eu* ratio in shales from the upper Vendian Kairovo and Shkapovo groups of the Shkapovo-Shikhan depression, the Volga-Ural region, are considered. Shales in the lower part of the Karlin Formation are established to be similar in geochemistry to the shale member with abnormally low Eu/Eu* ratios at the base of the Upper Vendian Kotlin Horizon of the East European Platform. According to these data, the studied formation appears to be a lithostratigraphic unit of the Kotlin Horizon, while the Baikibashevo, Staropetrovo and Salikhovo formations belong to the Redkino Horizon of the upper Vendian.     

最短路径算法的改进方法研究

研究了最短路径算法的改进方法,主要体现在数据结构方面的改进,实现了Dijkstra和A*两种原始算法,在限制搜索区域方面实现了矩形限制区域、限制方向和基于层次搜索机制,通过比较得到了实际应用中非常有用的一些结论.     

基于空间统计分析方法的生态服务价值评价研究

生态服务价值核算对建立可持续发展的土地利用模式至关重要。文中基于地理国情普查试点成果,进行了生态服务价值评估,并在此基础上利用格网分析、Spline插值、Moran’s I、Getis-Ord Gi*等空间统计分析方法,对浙江省德清县生态服务价值进行分析评价。研究结果表明:德清县生态服务价值整体上呈现出集聚现象;单位面积生态服务价值热点主要集中在对河口水库、下渚湖湿地和东部河网密集区等。这些区域直接影响德清县的整体生态环境水平,需要进行重点生态保护。