2009年7月广西一次暴雨过程的数值模拟和诊断分析

运用WRF模式对2009年7月发生在广西地区的一次暴雨过程进行了数值模拟,并利用模拟结果进行诊断分析.结果表明,模式能够合理地再现此次暴雨天气过程.在对流层中低层,水汽通量散度的负高值区、假相当位温广义波作用量密度和z-螺旋度的正高值区,与强降水落区都存在较好的对应关系;水汽通量散度负值中心大小及负值区向上伸展的高度、...     

利用“十五”中国数字地震观测网多链路备份进行大震速报

以西安基准地震台为例,介绍利用地震台站现有设备资源和当前较为实用的网络接人方式,对地震速报网络进行备份和技术改造。结果表明,3种网络备份方案可以保证地震台站日常数据报送和大震速报工作对网络通信需求,降低大震速报时间延迟和网络不通次数,对其他地震观测台站具有借鉴作用。     

Mineralogy,M-type tetrad effect and radioactivity of altered granites at the G. Abu Garadi shear zone,central Eastern Desert,Egypt

The G. Abu Garadi area is covered mainly by metasediments, alkali feldspar granites and stream sediments. The alkali feldspar granite is traversed by a major strike-slip fault trending in an N-S direction as well as two subordinate sets of faults trending NW to WNW for the first one and NE for the second one. These faults represent the shear zones affected by magmatic (syngenetic) as well as hydrothermal (epigenetic) activities causing alteration of the granitic rocks. The most common alteration features are albitization, greisenization and koalinitization. The mass balance calculations of the studied altered samples show enrichments in Zr, Y, Ni, U, Th and Ga and depletions in Zn, Sr, Nb, Ba, Pb, Cu and V. Only the greisenized samples exhibit a significant enrichment in Nb, ∑REE budget and pronounced lanthanide tetrad effect (M-type), especially TE1,4, while weakly expressed tetrad effects are for the other albitized and koalinitized samples. Mineralogically, the common accessory minerals in the altered samples include samarskite-(Y), betafite, uranothorite, zircon, fluorite and cassiterite. The greisenized granites contain high eU and eTh than the other altered types, where they are characterized by an assemblage of the radioactive minerals; samarskite-(Y), betafite, uranothorite in addition to zircon. The inter-element relationships between U and Th and also their ratios illustrate that the radioelement distribution in these granites is mainly governed by magmatic processes, in addition to post-magmatic ones. The distribution of chemical elements and the fractionation of some isovalents within the shear zone are largely controlled by the newly formed mineral phases. With respect to uranium mobilization, uranium migrated from the host alkali feldspar granites of G. Abu Garadi, while the shear zones acted as traps for the migrated uranium. Moreover, U migrated in the shear zone during greisenization and albitization, and migrated out during koalinitization.     

High spatial resolution spectroscopy of G292.0+1.8 with Chandra

We present high spatial resolution X-ray spectroscopy of supernova remnant G292.0+1.8 made with Chandra observations.The X-ray emitting region of this remnant was divided into 25×25 pixels with a scale of 20 " ×20" each.Spectra of328 pixels were created and fitted with an absorbed one component non-equilibrium ionization model.With the spectral analysis results,we obtained maps of absorbing column density,temperature,ionization age and abundances for O,Ne,Mg,Si,S and Fe.The abundances of O,Ne and Mg show tight correlations between each other in the range of about two orders of magnitude,suggesting that they are all from explosive C/Ne burning.Meanwhile,the abundances of Si and S are also well correlated,indicating that they are the ashes of explosive O-burning or incomplete Si-burning.The Fe emission lines are not prominent in the whole remnant,and their abundance is significantly reduced,indicating that the reverse shock may not have propagated to the Fe-rich ejecta.Based on relative abundances of O,Ne,Mg,Si and Fe to Si,we suggest a progenitor mass of 25- 30 M_⊙ for this remnant.     

Mark5B格式器及10G网络传输系统在VLBI中的应用

由于遥远的天体发出的无线电信号极其微弱,信噪比极低,VLBI系统要想得到较高的测量精度,必须尽量加大测量带宽和提高采样位数,但是这样会导致VLBI终端(比如数字基带转换器)产生的观测数据激增。传统的VLBI终端数据传输系统采用VSI接口,数据最高传输速率限制在2 Gbps,且数据记录设备必须采用定制的Mark5B设备,极其不灵活,因此已经不能适应现在VLBI系统的观测需求。为了提高数据传输速率,增加数据记录设备的灵活性,上海天文台新研制的基于多相滤波器组和快速傅里叶变换方式的数字基带转换器的数据传输系统采用了高速灵活的10 G网络接口。10 G网络系统中数据传输采用报文交换方式,因此数据到达接收端的时间不是精确可靠的,这要求数据在进入10 G网络接口之前必须已经具有标准的VLBI数据格式,所以在10 G网络前端设计了Mark5B格式器。详细介绍了基于现场可编程门阵列的Mark5B格式器及10 G网络传输系统的设计原理,并在文章的最后通过三组实验验证了其功能的正确性和性能的稳定性。     

On the detectability of lightcurves of Kuiper belt objects

We present a statistical study of the detectability of lightcurves of Kuiper belt objects (KBOs). Some Kuiper belt objects display lightcurves that appear “flat”; i.e., there are no significant brightness variations within the photometric uncertainties. Under the assumption that KBO lightcurves are mainly due to shape, the lack of brightness variations may be due to (1) the objects having very nearly spherical shapes or (2) their rotation axes coinciding with the line of sight. We investigate the relative importance of these two effects and relate it to the observed fraction of “flat” lightcurves. This study suggests that the fraction of KBOs with detectable brightness variations may provide clues about the shape distribution of these objects. Although the current database of rotational properties of KBOs is still insufficient to draw any statistically meaningful conclusions, we expect that, with a larger dataset, this method will provide a useful test for candidate KBO shape distributions.     

中国近代铜矿开发概貌

本文总结了我国清末至民国初期（１８４０－１９２０）长达８０年的铜矿开发概貌，按现行政区划共涉及１２个省．对各省的铜矿，既扼要探讨历史沿革，又尽量地汇集具体产铜地名及有关地质矿产信息，对了解和研究近代中国铜矿开发史，系统地总结现代中国铜矿床的由来，都有一定的意义．     

G328: A Small-Amplitude Red Variable with a Period Near One Day

G328 = A65 = L3314 (V = 13.83, B-V = 1.91) is a field star in the direction of the globular cluster M4. If we take E(B - V) = 0.40, then its (B - V)0 = 1.51, corresponding to a spectral type of K5III if it is a giant star; or of dM2 if it is a dwarf. Observations at both the MSSSO and Yunnan Observatory have shown that G328 is a new variable with peak to peak amplitude - 0.05 mag in V. While it is not unusual for so red a star to be a variable, special attention must be paid to its short period of about one day. If the variability is due to pulsation, the spectral type and luminosity as well as effective temperature should be determined in order to compare it with Xiong's theory.     

发送分集技术及其在后3G中的应用

发送分集技术是第三代移动通信系统(3G)中的一种关键技术.在详细分析了空时编码技术的基础上,比较了几种基于空时编码的发送分集技术性能.最后进行了计算机仿真,并对发送分集技术在后3G宽带移动通信系统中如何应用进行了探讨.     

A global circulation model of Saturn's thermosphere

We present the first 3-dimensional self-consistent calculations of the response of Saturn's global thermosphere to different sources of external heating, giving local time and latitudinal changes of temperatures, winds and composition at equinox and solstice. Our calculations confirm the well-known finding that solar EUV heating alone is insufficient to produce Saturn's observed low latitude thermospheric temperatures of 420 K. We therefore carry out a sensitivity study to investigate the thermosphere's response to two additional external sources of energy, (1) auroral Joule heating and (2) empirical wave heating in the lower thermosphere. Solar EUV heating alone produces horizontal temperature variations of below 20 K, which drive horizontal winds of less than 20 m/s and negligible horizontal changes in composition. In contrast, Joule heating produces a strong dynamical response with westward winds comparable to the sound speed on Saturn. Joule heating alone, at a total rate of 9.8 TW, raises polar temperatures to around 1200 K, but values equatorward of 30° latitude, where observations were made, remain below 200 K due to inefficient meridional energy transport in a fast rotating atmosphere. The primarily zonal wind flow driven by strong Coriolis forces implies that energy from high latitudes is transported equatorward mainly by vertical winds through adiabatic processes, and an additional 0.29-0.44 mW/m² thermal energy are needed at low latitudes to obtain the observed temperature values. Strong upwelling increases the H₂ abundances at high latitudes, which in turn affects the H⁺₃ densities. Downwelling at low latitudes helps increase atomic hydrogen abundances there.