济南华山省级地质公园地质遗迹分类及地学意义

济南华山地质公园是集地质剖面、地质构造、地貌景观、水体景观、环境地质景观等众多地质遗迹类型于一体的综合性地质公园,园区内地质遗迹尤以岩浆岩侵入接触剖面、构造形迹、奇石而闻名.区内地质遗迹可分为五大类、八类、九个亚类,具有较高的科普和游览价值.本文在前人研究的基础上,从岩石学、火山地质学、构造地质学、地貌学、采矿学等方面...     

Using hydro‐chemograph analyses to reveal runoff generation processes in a Mediterranean catchment

The paper deals with the hydro‐chemical analysis performed in order to reveal processes, sources, paths and timing of the runoff generation in an experimental catchment representative of the hilly, terrigenous and forested watershed in the Mediterranean humid eco‐region of southern Italy. The analysis is based on the data recorded at the outlet of the catchment during 2013–2014. A mixing law procedure was applied on discharge (Q) and electrical conductivity (EC) data, by using the Q–EC end members previously collected at selected groundwater, sub‐surficial and surficial stations. In this way, we found four bound curves delimiting fields in a Q–EC plot, each with hydro‐chemograph value ranges. At annual time scale, the analysis revealed a seasonal behaviour of the hydrological response, different for the wet period, when the aquifer is recharging, and the dry periods, when the aquifer is discharging, despite frequent summer rain showers. At event time scale, the catchment seems to show the behaviour of a typical hydro‐geomorphic threshold system. We interpreted this behaviour as due to a progressive addition of water from distinctive components (i.e. deep aquifer, riparian corridor, hillslope and hollow), each with originally different mechanisms of runoff production (i.e. groundwater, groundwater ridging, saturation excess, infiltration excess and soil pipe exfiltration) and response time. During the event, the contributing areas enlarge upward the riparian corridors and the zero‐order basins, where the aforementioned components become superposed and the mechanisms interact more and more. We hypothesize that the threshold values between different states of the system are defined by the intersections of the boundary curves on the Q–EC plot. Different patterns in the Q–EC hysteretic cycles are prevalently related to the pre‐event soil saturation and groundwater contributions to stormflow and recharge mechanisms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Parallel Roads of Glen Roy,Scotland: geoconservation history and challenges

Glen Roy is a classic geosite for ice-dammed lake shorelines, the Parallel Roads, and associated features formed during the Loch Lomond (Younger Dryas) Stade (12.9–11.7 ka). The area played a key part in the development of the glacial theory in the early 19th century and continues today to have outstanding scientific value for understanding the processes and timing of events at the end of the last glaciation. Glen Roy has also been long-appreciated as an awe-inspiring visitor attraction, and is now a flagship site for geotourism within Lochaber Geopark. Statutory geoconservation in Glen Roy, beginning in the second half of the 20th century, was founded on the exceptional scientific value of the area. The history and practice of geoconservation in Glen Roy illustrate the contested values of geoheritage and the evolving approaches adopted. Important lessons include the need for open dialogue and partnership working among the local community, land owners and managers, the statutory conservation agency (Scottish Natural Heritage), Lochaber Geopark and the scientific community.     

北京延庆世界地质公园生态系统服务价值评价和生态地质调查工作建议

保护区域生态环境是世界地质公园主要功能之一。建立世界地质公园有利于促进区域生态环境保护,促进人与自然和谐共生。研究世界地质公园的生态系统服务价值可为提升世界地质公园的生态功能提供技术支撑。基于Costanza等的全球生态系统服务价值单价模型,建立了中国生态系统服务价值单价,并以延庆世界地质公园为例,运用GlobeLand30数据和ArcGIS软件对2000—2020年间延庆世界地质公园及邻区的生态系统服务价值进行评估。近20年间延庆世界地质公园的生态系统服务总价值基本保持稳定, 2000年、2010年和2020年延庆世界地质公园园区生态系统服务价值分别为3040百万元人民币、3103百万元人民币和3086百万元人民币;在园区各类生态系统服务价值中以森林、草原和农田生态系统服务价值为主,占生态系统服务总价值的96%以上。针对园区生态系统特点,提出生态地质调查和生态保护建议：一是加强园区林分组成、林分结构、林分质量和林地土壤调查,提高森林生态系统质量;二是开展湿地地下水和水土流失监测,防止湿地进一步萎缩;三是连通妫水河流域和官厅水库水系,维护河流生态流量;四是基于系统观开展园区生态地质调查,协调开展园区山、水、林、田、湖、草等不同自然要素综合调查,提高生态系统服务总价值。五是建立跨部门、跨区域生态保护协调推进机制。     

国家地质公园对旅游业发展的意义述评

文章介绍了中国国家地质公园的发展过程及现状,通过对国家地质公园的地理分布、地质特征和类型划分的描述,从地理位置、交通条件、旅游内容、旅游发展规划、旅游收益几个方面来分析国家地质公园对旅游业发展的意义.     

兴文世界地质公园地质遗迹与人文旅游资源整合开发研究

在地质遗迹区,旅游业的健康发展离不开独特的文化旅游资源,如何整合地质遗迹景观与文化旅游资源,实现自然景观与文化景观的优势互补,是地质公园旅游业可持续发展最关键的因素之一。兴文世界地质公园拥有丰富的喀斯特景观与焚苗文化资源,有强烈的神秘色彩和吸引力,但旅游业发展相对滞后。通过分析地质公园旅游开发中存在的问题,在整合开发策略的基础上,提出了“一核心、三个旅游产品生命周期延长区”的整体开发模式。     

宁德地质公园奇特景观的科学价值浅析

宁德地质公园集晶洞花岗岩地貌、火山岩地貌、河床侵蚀地貌、海岸海蚀地貌于一体,景观具有很高的观赏价值。公园的许多地质遗迹具有稀有性和独特性,多种地貌景观的组合,反映了其地质历史的复杂性。地质遗迹与生物、人文景观的结合使宁德地质公园具有丰富的科学内涵和科普价值。     

山西宁武冰洞国家地质公园典型地质遗迹资源及科学意义

所谓冰洞是指全年365天都存在冰的洞, 是一种极神秘的洞穴旅游资源。目前国内发现的冰洞只有10多处, 其中山西宁武冰洞冰量最大, 形态最好, 冰花种类最多, 是一处十分珍贵的地质遗迹资源。本文在对宁武冰洞国家地质公园进行总体介绍基础上, 对公园范围内发育的地质遗迹资源进行归纳总结并分类, 然后对宁武冰洞这一典型而独具特色的地质遗迹资源从地质地貌特点、冰洞发育及成因进行归纳探讨, 并对国内外目前所发现的10多个冰洞进行比较, 指出宁武冰洞是现在世界上已知在中纬度中高山地区保存最好, 规模最大, 冰体最多并可直接见到地质时期存有古冰的冰洞, 是一种非常特殊的、罕见的、脆弱的、不可再生的地质遗迹资源。     

龙门山国家地质公园地质遗迹的保护

为了更好地保护龙门山国家地质公园地质遗迹,在进行多次野外考察和室内分析总结的基础上,指出推覆构造是地质公园最典型、珍贵的地质遗迹,也是必须重点保护的地质遗迹。包括：典型的推(滑)覆构造体、与推覆构造相伴形成的区域性大型断裂及典型的构造和地层剖面、在区域上具有特殊性或者较为典型的其它类型的地质遗迹、“冰川漂砾”学说的学者所确认的有关重要地质遗迹等。还对重点保护的地质遗迹进行保护级别和范围的规划,提出了地质遗迹保护策略和措施。