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41.
Groundwater study using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) in the central highlands of Eritrea 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Remote sensing, evaluation of digital elevation models (DEM), geographic information systems (GIS) and fieldwork techniques were combined to study the groundwater conditions in Eritrea. Remote sensing data were interpreted to produce lithological and lineament maps. DEM was used for lineament and geomorphologic mapping. Field studies permitted the study of structures and correlated them with lineament interpretations. Hydrogeological setting of springs and wells were investigated in the field, from well logs and pumping test data. All thematic layers were integrated and analysed in a GIS. Results show that groundwater occurrence is controlled by lithology, structures and landforms. Highest yields occur in basaltic rocks and are due to primary and secondary porosities. High yielding wells and springs are often related to large lineaments, lineament intersections and corresponding structural features. In metamorphic and igneous intrusive rocks with rugged landforms, groundwater occurs mainly in drainage channels with valley fill deposits. Zones of very good groundwater potential are characteristic for basaltic layers overlying lateritized crystalline rocks, flat topography with dense lineaments and structurally controlled drainage channels with valley fill deposits. The overall results demonstrate that the use of remote sensing and GIS provide potentially powerful tools to study groundwater resources and design a suitable exploration plan.The online version of the original article can be found at 相似文献
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本文主要对加密和身份认证技术进行了简要分析,并就如何利用证书解决WEB应用中 的信息对传输的保密性、完整性和不可否认性以及用户身份认证问题提出了安全解决 方案。 相似文献
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基于GIS的城镇土地定级信息系统建模方法探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于GIS的城镇土地定级信息系统在建设过程中,定级方法确定、定级单元大小确定和定级因素/子权重值的生成是关键,且三者都具有不同的确定方法,因此选择什么样的方法决定了系统建立的优劣。本文着重归纳、总结了城镇土地定级信息系统定级方法,通过对比分析,探讨了最优定级方法、最优网格单元大小划分方法和最优因素/子权重值计算方法。 相似文献
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Trevor Quinn A.-Xing Zhu James E. Burt 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2005,7(4):324-338
Hydro-ecological modelers often use spatial variation of soil information derived from conventional soil surveys in simulation of hydro-ecological processes over watersheds at mesoscale (10–100 km2). Conventional soil surveys are not designed to provide the same level of spatial detail as terrain and vegetation inputs derived from digital terrain analysis and remote sensing techniques. Soil property layers derived from conventional soil surveys are often incompatible with detailed terrain and remotely sensed data due to their difference in scales. The objective of this research is to examine the effect of scale incompatibility between soil information and the detailed digital terrain data and remotely sensed information by comparing simulations of watershed processes based on the conventional soil map and those simulations based on detailed soil information across different simulation scales. The detailed soil spatial information was derived using a GIS (geographical information system), expert knowledge, and fuzzy logic based predictive mapping approach (Soil Land Inference Model, SoLIM). The Regional Hydro-Ecological Simulation System (RHESSys) is used to simulate two watershed processes: net photosynthesis and stream flow. The difference between simulation based on the conventional soil map and that based on the detailed predictive soil map at a given simulation scale is perceived to be the effect of scale incompatibility between conventional soil data and the rest of the (more detailed) data layers at that scale. Two modeling approaches were taken in this study: the lumped parameter approach and the distributed parameter approach. The results over two small watersheds indicate that the effect does not necessarily always increase or decrease as the simulation scale becomes finer or coarser. For a given watershed there seems to be a fixed scale at which the effect is consistently low for the simulated processes with both the lumped parameter approach and the distributed parameter approach. 相似文献
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江西省大气成分观测与服务系统研究项目组 《气象与减灾研究》2005,28(3):9-16
在介绍国内外大气成分观测与研究进展的基础上,对建设江西省大气成分观测与服务系统的必要性和可行性进行了科学的分析,并从系统建设的原则、目标、内容、技术路线、监测方案,以及系统研究的主要内容和提供的产品等方面,对拟建的江西省大气成分观测与服务系统进行了全面的阐述。研究结果认为,随着江西经济建设的快速发展,建设江西省大气成分观测与服务系统,有利于了解和掌握江西大气物质成分分布特征及变化情况;有利于提高江西天气气候预报预测准确率,提升江西气象公共服务的能力和水平;可为预防大气化学灾害和控制区域大气环境质量,提供科学的决策依据,具有显著的社会、经济效益和生态效益。 相似文献
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岩石破裂实验,地球岩石层断裂构造运动,地震孕育、发生和发展过程等研究表明,地震活动的时间、空间和强度分布特征具有分形结构。作为一种分维理论的应用,本文利用厦门数字化地震遥测台网的数据,采用信息的分析方法,对福建省的地震多发区-漳州、华安、龙岩地区的地震活动进行了分析和研究,讨论了信息维随时间变化的特征。 相似文献