几种应变定义局限性与准确性的几何分析

用几何分析方法简要地分析了Ｃａｕｃｈｙ应变和Ｇｒｅｅｎ应变的局限性以及Ｋｏｅｒｂａｒ－Ｓｗａｉｎｇｅｒ应变定义的准确性,并举例加以说明。     

最小二乘配置方法确定局部大地水准面的研究

从最小二乘配置方法的原理出发 ,描述了最小二乘配置法中经验协方差函数的确定方法。在此基础上 ,以我国西部高山地区为例 ,利用实测点重力数据、30″× 30″数值地面模型和EGM96地球重力场模型 ,确定了该地区 2 .5′× 2 .5′大地水准面     

论相对论重力位及相对论大地水准面

讨论了相对论意义下的重力位及大地水准面，指出了等时率大地水准面的缺陷，建议今后采用等频面及等频大地水准面的概念，给出了等频大地水准面与经典大地水准面的差异，同时给出了等频大地水准面的近似表达式。     

Long Distance Transference of Height Datum Across Seas

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｌｏｎｇｄｉｓｔａｎｃｅｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｆｈｅｉｇｈｔｄａｔｕｍａｃｒｏｓｓｓｅａｓｈａｓｗｉｄｅｌｙａｔｔｒａｃｔｅｄｔｈｅａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｔｈｅｇｅｏｄｅ ｓｉｓｔｓｉｎｏｃｅａｎｉｃｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｆｏｒａｌｏｎｇｔｉｍｅ .Ｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙ,ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｆｏｕｒｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｉｎｔｈｅｈｅｉｇｈｔｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｉｎｇ :ｈｙｄｒｏｓｔａｔｉｃｌｅｖｅｌｉｎｇ ,ｄｙ ｎａｍｉｃｌｅｖｅｌｉｎｇ ,ＧＰＳ/ｌｅｖｅｌｉｎｇａ…     

1985国家高程基准相对于大地水准面的垂直偏差

局部高程基准通常由一个 (或多个 )验潮站所测的当地平均海面确定。由于海面地形的客观存在 ,人们已经认识到当地平均海面与大地水准面的差异可能达 2m之多。为了获得这一垂直偏差 ,很有必要确定当地平均海面和全球大地水准面上的重力位值。提出了利用全球重力场模型和GPS/水准资料计算局部高程基准相对全球大地水准面垂直偏差的 2种不同方法。我国目前采用的 1 985国家高程基准 ,由青岛验潮站所处黄海平均海面 1 95 2～ 1 979年的验潮记录计算得到。利用全球重力场模型和分布全国大陆范围的GPS/水准数据 ,计算了 1 985高程基准与大地水准面的垂直偏差。结果表明 1 985国家高程基准点的重力位值为( 62 63685 3.40± 0 .1 3)m2 s- 2 ,这比重力位W0 =( 62 63685 6.0± 0 .5 )m2 s- 2 隐含的大地水准面高 ( 0 .2 6± 0 .0 5 )m。     

The permanence of stream networks in Britain: Further comments

Previous surveys of the stream network in an area of blanket peat moorland in the Southern Pennines, England, are reassessed with reference to the publication of a new ordnance survey 1:10000 Metric Edition map for the area. It is concluded that a significant number of low order streams are still omitted on the new map, and that the use of field surveys remains essential in such heavily dissected terrain.     

地球体地势起伏的大地构造学(英文)

地球体的一般几何形态及其表面的地势起伏,都与地球地形的全球对称以及与由全球地震层析X射线摄影法推导出的深部构造相关联。在西太平洋中,星球地势起伏的对称受到破坏,那里的地球体表面受到抬升。这一区域表现有特殊的岩石圈构造,而且显而易见地是,在后冈瓦纳地球各向异性膨胀一收缩的背景下,自晚中生代以来,这里的构造圈已发生了一些最为重要的变化。     

Time-dependent density anomalies in a stratified,viscoelastic mantle: Implications for the geoid,Earth's rotation and sea-level fluctuations

The effects on the = 2 geoid component and Earth's rotation due to internal mass anomalies are analyzed for a stratified viscoelastic mantle described by a Maxwell rheology. Our approach is appropriate for a simplified modeling of subduction. Sea-level fluctuations induced by long-term rotational instabilities are also considered. The displacement of the Earth's axis of rotation, called true polar wander (TPW) and the induced eustatic sea-level fluctuations, are extremely sensitive to viscosity and density stratification at the 670 km seismic discontinuity. Phase-change models for the transition zone generally allow for huge amount of TPW, except for large viscosity increases; the dominant contribution in Liouville equations comes from a secular term that reflects the viscous behaviour of the mantle. In chemically stratified models, TPW is drastically reduced due to dynamic compensation of the mass anomalies at the upper-lower mantle interface. When the source is embedded in the upper mantle close to the chemical density jump, transient rotational modes are the leading terms in the linear Liouville equations. Long-term rotation instabilities are valuable contributors to the third order cycles in the eustatic sea-level curves. Rates of sea-level fluctuations of the order of 0.05–0.1 mm/yr are induced by displacements of the Earth's axis of rotation compatible with paleomagnetic data.     

卫星跟踪卫星测量主要技术指标仿真分析软件的设计与实现

针对如何确定卫星跟踪卫星(SST)系统的技术指标问题,本文以解析法恢复地球重力场的理论为基础,基于Visual C++6.0开发平台研制了SST系统主要技术指标仿真分析软件。重点讨论了该软件的设计思想、设计目标、软件结构与功能,以及在软件实现时的一些关键技术及对策。模拟实验结果表明,该软件可应用于SST系统主要技术指标的初步设计。     

大连市厘米级精度的似大地水准面精化

论述了大地水准面精化的方法、原理以及大连市似大地水准面的确定。