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951.
Sensitivity of the radar scattering coefficient to the oceanic wind vector in the midangular range for frequencies from L-
to Ku- band is studied. This is based on computations of scattering coefficient via the two-scale scattering theory employing
a semi-empirical model for the ocean spectrum suggested by Fung and Lee and the slope distribution by Cox and Munk. Higher
frequency and incident angles of over 45 degrees seem to yield better wind sensitivity. 相似文献
952.
M. H. Shapiro A. Rice M. H. Mendenhall J. D. Melvin T. A. Tombrello 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1984,122(2-4):309-326
Four techniques (pattern recognition, Fourier transformation, cross-correlation, and multiple linear regression) have been used to recognize nontectonic environmental factors affecting groundwater radon data collected by the Caltech automated geochemical network. Several factors, including air temperature, rainfall, water level, carbon dioxide concentration in the water, and barometric pressure, were found to correlate with radon level at some stations in the network. For example, approximately 60% of the variance in radon signal at one site studied (Pacoima) could be accounted for by nontectonic influences. However, it was not possible to correlate all the observed changes in radon concentration with nontectonic environmental variables. Some of the observed radon anomalies did appear to be related to either regional changes in tectonic strain or some individual earthquakes. A model is developed to account for spike-like increases in radon caused by carbon dioxide emission. 相似文献
953.
A. Goldman C. P. Rinsland F. J. Murcray D. G. Murcray M. T. Coffey W. G. Mankin 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1984,2(2):211-221
Quantitative infrared measurements of ethane (C2H6) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere are reported. The results have been obtained from the analysis of absorption features of the 9 band at 12.2 m, which have been identified in high-resolution ballon-borne and aircraft solar absorption spectra. The ballon-borne spectral data were recorded at sunset with the 0.02 cm-1 resolution University of Denver interferometer system from a float altitude of 33.5 km near Alamogordo, New Mexico, on 23 March 1981. The aircraft spectra were recorded at sunset in July 1978 with a 0.06 cm-1 resolution interferometer aboard a jet aircraft at 12 km altitude, near 35°N, 96°W. The balloon analysis indicates the C2H6 mixing ratio decreased from 3.5 ppbv near 8.8 km to 0.91 ppbv near 12.1 km. The results are consistent with the colum value obtained from the aircraft data. 相似文献
954.
Josef Kallrath Johannes P. Schlöder Hans Georg Bock 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1993,56(1-2):353-371
A recent least squares algorithm, which is designed to adapt implicit models to given sets of data, especially models given by differential equations or dynamical systems, is reviewed and used to fit the Hénon-Heiles differential equations to chaotic data sets.This numerical approach for estimating parameters in differential equation models, called theboundary value problem approach, is based on discretizing the differential equations like a boundary value problem,e.g. by a multiple shooting or collocation method, and solving the resulting constrained least squares problem with a structure exploiting generalized Gauss-Newton-Method (Bock, 1981).Dynamical systems like the Hénon-Heiles system which can have initial values and parameters that lead to positive Lyapunov exponents or phase space filling Poincaré maps give rise to chaotic time series. Various scenarios representing ideal and noisy data generated from the Hénon-Heiles system in the chaotic region are analyzedw.r.t. initial conditions, parameters and Lyapunov exponents. The original initial conditions and parameters are recovered with a given accuracy. The Lyapunov spectrum is then computed directly from the identified differential equations and compared to the spectrum of the true dynamics.presently at IWR, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany 相似文献
955.
A well-known but rarely used powerful method to investigate the presence of harmonic signals in time series is the Phasor Walkout method (other names are: Graphical Fourier Transform, Summation Dial, Complex Demodulation). At a given test frequency the complex contributions (phasors) to the Fourier Transform of each sample in an equidistantly sampled series are added vectorially in the complex plane. The resulting pattern, the walkout, reveals information about the properties of the signal which is not easy to obtain by other methods. Synthetic examples are used to demonstrate the resolving power of the method. The following geophysical examples for the application of this method are shown: determination of the frequency of the breathing mode0
S
0 of the earth after a large earthquake; the study of superconducting gravimeter records after a large deep earthquake used in the core mode interpretation of a spectral peak, the study of the residualS
3 (8 h period) signal in a tidal record and the bichromatic Rayleigh-waves from Mount Pinatubo on June 15, 1991. 相似文献
956.
Nestor A. Rivera S. Ray Jerry L. Jensen Andrew K. Chan Walter B. Ayers 《Mathematical Geology》2004,36(5):529-543
This study shows how wavelet analysis can be used on well log and drill core data to identify cyclicity in sedimentary sequences. Three possible methods for determining wavelength were investigated: the Morlet wavelet, the Fourier transform, and the semivariogram. When applied to several hypothetical signals similar to those observed in petrophysical measurements in hydrocarbon reservoirs, all three methods could identify the presence of cyclicity. Only the wavelet scalogram, however, gave a clear indication of when the cyclic element was present and where frequency changes occurred in the signal. To illustrate the wavelet analysis, we processed well log and core data from a well in the Ormskirk Sandstone and determined the wavelet coefficients for each zone and the wavelengths of the strongest cyclicities. The cyclicities observed corresponded well with sedimentary features of the formation (e.g., channels and channel sets). Also, ratios of the cyclicity wavelengths corresponded with ratios of the Milankovitch precession, obliquity, and eccentricity periods. This result is in agreement with other investigators, who have proposed that Milankovitch-driven climate changes exercised an important control on Ormskirk Sandstone deposition. 相似文献
957.
958.
959.
作者提出利用奇异谱主分量重建技术进行气象变量场尺度分离的新构想,并设计出尺度分离的具体实施方法.使用此方法对1998年7月下旬长江流域强暴雨过程的卫星观测亮温(TBB)场进行了试验性尺度分离.结果表明,该分离技术可以将这次暴雨过程天气尺度和次天气尺度系统的基本结构清晰地分离出来.在天气尺度场上,长江流域呈现出明显的切变线上连续性对流云系的特征.在次天气尺度场上,可以清楚地显现出偶极子系统的演变特征,其活动与暴雨过程有很好的对应. 相似文献
960.
在参与2001年的全国土地利用动态遥感监测项目中,通过对遥感机理的深入研究,结合土地利用动态监测的遥感数据源、任务要求及满足生产实际的需要,在参考现有方法的基础上,对变化信息提取的整个过程进行了整理,并通过实践验证了变化信息提取方法的可靠性。 相似文献