一种求带约束的离散Minimax问题的区间算法

进一步讨论了目标函数和约束函数都是Lipsehitz连续的带约束的离散minimax问题，给出了罚函数的区间扩张，提出了解该约束离散minimax问题的区间算法。算法给出了问题的minimax值所在范围以及minimax点所在位置。定理和数值算倒说明该算法是可靠的。     

海洋沉积物中的钒、钼、铊、镓及其环境指示意义

研究探讨沉积物中钒、钼、铊和镓的生物地球化学行为对揭示海洋环境演变机制有重要的科学意义,基于此考虑,本文系统分析总结了近年来海洋沉积物中V、Mo、Tl和Ga的地球化学特征以及与环境关系的研究进展,以期对深入开展环境敏感微量元素的海洋生物地球化学有所裨益。结果表明,由于受人为输入的影响,近海沉积物中V、Mo、Tl和Ga含量高于远海,河口高于近海;在表层沉积物中,细颗粒沉积物中V、Mo、Tl和Ga含量高于粗颗粒中的,且其含量与物源、有机质含量等沉积环境因素密切相关;在垂直分布上,随沉积物深度的增加,V、Mo、Tl和Ga含量趋于降低,表明近几十年来,随人为影响的加剧,海洋作为地球上物质的汇获得了比以前更多的V、Mo、Tl和Ga。由此可见,在水平方向上,海洋沉积物中V、Mo、Tl和Ga的丰度可表明输入物源的特性,而在柱状样中的垂直分布,则能够表征历史年代上V、Mo、Tl和Ga沉积量的差异。由于沉积物中V、Mo、Tl和Ga的性质比较稳定,它们在一定程度上可以揭示和表征海洋环境演变的讯息,追溯海洋环境演变的历史以及预测将来的发展趋向。     

阿曼Daleel油田下白垩统Shuaiba组上段走滑正断裂带裂缝分布定量评价

在对阿曼Daleel油田下白垩统Shuaiba组上段的岩芯及成像测井裂缝特征进行分析的基础上,利用过断层的水平井成像测井资料,开展对断层两侧的裂缝发育情况研究,分析认为裂缝发育密度与离断层的距离相关,提出裂缝成因主要受区内走滑正断层所控制.研究建立的3类不同规模的走滑正断层带裂缝密度分布函数,实现了对阿曼Daleel油田下白垩统Shuaiba组上段断裂带裂缝分布的定量评价.     

Study on Three-dimensional Visualization for Rock Structure

The visualization of rock structure is a very useful and important technique in many aspects in geological and geotechnical engineering such as investigating and evaluating the stability of a high rock slope. The conventional method used to visualize rock structure is limited to plotting the orientation of individual discontinuities by using the Schmidt stereographic net. The present paper shows a new technique to visualize the three-dimensional structure of rock masses. The fitting function for three-dimensional rock structure was established based on data gathered from field survey. Two fitting methods by which the discontinuous points gathered from a plane and discrete points from field survey were fitted respectively are suggested. The technique to visualize the three-dimensional structure of rock masses includes many aspects such as projection transformation, blanking and mutual cutting, are investigated. Based on the visualizing technique, the rock structure at the site of Xilupdu dam which is being built in Southwest of China was investigated.     

淮河息县站流量概率预报模型研究

应用美国天气局采用的由Roman Krzysztofowicz开发的贝叶斯统计理论建立概率水文预报理论框架，即以分布函数形式定量地描述水文预报不确定度，研究了淮河息县站流量概率预报模型。理论和经验表明，概率预报至少与确定性预报一样有价值，特别当预报不确定度较大时，概率预报比现行确定性预报具有更高的经济价值。     

河流生态系统结构功能整体性概念模型

在完善与整合现有河流生态系统结构功能概念及模型的基础上,提出河流生态系统结构功能整体性概念模型。水文情势、水力条件和地貌景观格局是对河流生态系统结构与功能具有关键影响的3大生境要素,结构功能模型的核心是建立以3大生境要素为构架的生命支持系统与河流生命系统之间的相互作用和相互制约关系,同时考虑由于人类活动引起生境要素变化对于河流生态系统的影响。河流生态系统结构功能整体性概念模型由以下4种模型组成:河流四维连续体模型、水文情势-河流生态过程耦合模型、水力条件-生物生活史特征适宜模型以及地貌景观空间异质性-生物群落多样性关联模型,这4种模型的一体化整合,基本概括了河流生态系统结构功能的整体特征。     

Spatial correlation of deformation and mineral reaction in experimentally deformed plagioclase–olivine aggregates

Shear deformation of hot pressed plagioclase–olivine aggregates was studied in the presence and absence of mineral reaction. Experiments were performed at 900 °C, 1500 MPa, and a constant shear strain rate of 5×10⁻⁵ s⁻¹ in a solid medium apparatus. Whether the mineral reaction between plagioclase and olivine takes place or not is controlled by choosing the appropriate plagioclase composition; labradorite (An₆₀) does not react, anorthite (An₉₂) does. Labradorite–olivine aggregates deformed without reaction are very strong and show strain hardening throughout the experiment. Syndeformational reaction between olivine and anorthite causes a pronounced strain weakening. The reaction produces fine-grained opx–cpx–spinel aggregates, which accommodate a large fraction of the finite strain. Deformation and reaction are localised within a 0.5-mm-wide sample. Three representative samples were analysed for their fabric anisotropy R* and shape-preferred orientation α* (fabric angle with the shear plane) using the autocorrelation function (ACF). Fabric anisotropy can be calibrated to quantify strain variations across the sheared samples. In the deformed and reacted anorthite–olivine aggregate, there is a strong correlation between reaction progress and strain; regions of large shear strain correspond to regions of maximum reaction progress. Within the sample, the derived strain rate variations range up to almost one order of magnitude.     

用随机介质模型方法描述孔洞型油气储层

孔洞型储集层具有强烈的非均质性,在空间分布上变化剧烈,规律性差,其地球物理参数(如速度、密度、弹性参数等)在空间上的变化很难用传统的层状介质模型进行刻画.本文借助随机模型方法,研究孔洞型储层中不同孔洞尺度、分布密度与模型参数的关系,建立反映实际孔洞油气储层介质地球物理参数空间分布统计特征的随机介质模型,以更方便地对孔洞型油气储层进行描述,并为碳酸盐岩孔洞型储层地震反射特征的研究提供有效的方法途径.