Seasonal variation of groundwater quality in a part of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India

The area in Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India, is selected to discuss the impact of seasonal variation of groundwater quality on irrigation and human health, where the agriculture is the main livelihood of rural people and the groundwater is the main source for irrigation and drinking. Granite gneisses associated with schists and charnockites of the Precambrian Eastern Ghats underlie the area. Groundwater samples collected seasonally, pre- and post-monsoons, during three years from forty wells in the area were analyzed for pH, EC, TDS, TA, TH, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, CO₃²⁻, HCO₃⁻, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻and F⁻. The chemical relationships in Piper’s diagram, Chebotarev’s genetic classification and Gibbs’s diagram suggest that the groundwaters mainly belong to non-carbonate alkali type and Cl⁻ group, and are controlled by evaporation-dominance, respectively, due to the influence of semi-arid climate, gentle slope, sluggish drainage conditions, greater water–rock interaction, and anthropogenic activities. A comparison of the groundwater quality in relation to drinking water quality standards proves that most of the water samples are not suitable for drinking, especially in post-monsoon period. US Salinity Laboratory’s and Wilcox’s diagrams, and %Na⁺ used for evaluating the water quality for irrigation suggest that the majority of the groundwater samples are not good for irrigation in post-monsoon compared to that in pre-monsoon. These conditions are caused due to leaching of salts from the overlying materials by infiltrating recharge waters. A management plan is suggested for sustainable development of the area.     

空间数据库版本控制技术及应用

本文详细分析了空间数据库版本控制的基本原理,并通过实例讲述了版本控制技术在多用户并发操作、长事务处理以及历史数据回溯管理等方面的应用,为相关部门建立、管理大型空间数据库提供了参考。     

管理在西气东输勘察设计中的作用--国家级重点项目勘察设计经验介绍之一

西气东输工程是国家跨世纪重点建设项目，其线路涉及区域广、勘察设计工作涉及单位众多，协调管理难度大；如何做好此类项目勘察设计的管理工作，是确保勘察设计有效开展的根本保障。本文通过对我公司在参与西气东输项目勘察设计过程中加强协调管理的经验介绍，为今后跨区域工程勘察设计管理提供借鉴。     

基于GIS的防震减灾信息系统一例

本文介绍了GIS在防震减灾领域的一个应用实例,大庆油田防震减灾信息系统的建设,讨论了防震减灾信息的管理及在震害预测、震后应急反应中的应用,探讨了GIS在防震减灾领域进一步应用的发展方向。     

盐田光卤石生产工艺控制因素浅析

根据察尔汗盐湖别勒滩卤水等温蒸发试验数据,结合大量生产取样分析资料,对盐田光卤石矿生产机理及其控制因素作了分析研究,并提出了管理措施。     

EROSION CONTROL AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON UPLAND WATERSHEDS OF GRANITIC REGION

I.FEATURESOFSOILEROSIONINGRANITICREGIONS1.1IntroductionGuangdongProvinceislocatedinsubtropicalzoneandthenorthernborderofthetropicalzone.ThelatitudestCtchesfrom20'07'to25'31'N,thelongitudefrom108'33'tO117'20'E.Subtropicalclimateprevailsinmostoftheprovince.Theannualaveragerainfallis1500-1800mm,withstrongintensityandun-evendistribution.Thedeifyrainfallduringwnhoonstormsmayreach200-300mm:Thetotallandareaisabout178,100sq.km,inwhich25,100sq.kmarecultivated.12,000sq.km,6.7%oftotalP…     

地理信息资源管理的若干问题探讨

本文结合目前数字区域地理空间基础框架建设的实际，对于如何盘活地理信息资源、整合地理信息资源和建立多元化的投资渠道以及所面对的相应的关键政策措施和关键技术，提出新的观点和建议，对于加快地理空间基础框架建设，具有一定的指导意义。     

Economics of Flood Protection in India

The peculiar rainfall pattern in Indiarenders the country highly vulnerable to floods. Forty million hectares of land, roughlyone-eighth of the country's geographical area, is prone to floods. Each year, floods cause extensive damage to life and property, losses being exacerbated by rapid population growth, unplanned development and unchecked environmental degradation. The country has been tackling the problem through structural and non-structural measures. While non-structural measures like flood forecasting aim at improving the preparedness to floods by seeking to keep people away from floodwaters, structural measures involve the construction of physical structures like embankments, dams, drainage channels, and reservoirs that prevent floodwaters from reaching potential damage centres. Almost 48% of the vulnerable area has been provided with reasonable protection, though floods continue to cause widespread losses year after year. This paper examines the incidence of floods and the trends in consequent losses in the eastern region of the country – one of the most vulnerable – with the objective of studying the efficacy of flood protection measures in the region. Based on a simple regression exercise for three highly vulnerable states in the region, the paper argues that flood protection measures have been inadequate in controlling losses and reducing vulnerability. Regressions for the three states over the period 1971 to 1996 indicate that the level of protection is an insignificant explanatory variable in explaining the number of people (adjusted for increases in density) affected by floods; while area affected, as an indicator of the intensity of floods remains the main loss-determining factor.     

图幅PRB字典创建原则与方法

图幅PRB字典是数字区域地质调查过程中采集地质数据的描述性词汇,是由项目组根据地质调查任务和图幅地质特点自行定义和创建的.它对于规范图幅地质调查内容与结构、地质内容描述语义的标准化,以及提高数字填图工作效率等方面有着至关重要的作用.就图幅PRB字典创建的原则、要求、类型和作用及创建方法进行了较详细地阐述和讨论.     

试论与地勘经济增长模式相适应的人才战略

地勘单位产业结构调整对其经营人员的素质提出了新的挑战，人才作为最重要的人力资源，必须适应产业结构调整的需要。地勘单位应实施与地勘经济增长模式相适应的人才战略，进行人才结构和职位的科学设计，通过吸收和培养人才，做到合理有效地使用人才。