略论中国与乌克兰经贸合作的环境和对策

本文分析了中国和乌克兰经贸合作的良好环境，指出了存在的主要问题，着重对中乌两国经贸合作的几点对策进行了论述。     

越冬亲虾及其环境的细菌学研究

通过对亲虾越冬系统的外蓄水池、预热池水、虾池水、亲虾用饵料、虾体及其病患作细菌分析,发现从外蓄水至虾体这五个环节存有细菌等微生物富集过程。稳定的环境、过多的营养、残饵、污物、病虾等是亲虾池细菌富集的要因;不健康亲虾富集并扩散病原微生物。对虾病病因、种类、亲虾成活率等的分析,发现至少31％的疾病与细菌等微生物有关。亲虾成活率与环境微生物一些参数,如几丁质降解菌含量、C/H％和V/H％间有很好的负相关。结果表明,监测亲虾越冬期各类细菌消涨势态,防治病害等是提高亲虾质量数量乃至育苗成功不可少的工作。     

Why Web GIS May Not Be Enough: A Case Study with the Virtual Research Vessel

During several decades of investigation, the East Pacific Rise seafloor-spreading center at 9°-10°N has been explored by marine geologists, geophysicists, chemists, and biologists, and has emerged as one of the best studied sections of the global midocean ridge. It is an example of a region for which there is now a great wealth of observational data, results, and data-driven theoretical studies. However, these have yet to be fully utilized, either by research scientists or educators. While the situation is improving, a large amount of data, results, and related theoretical models still exist either in an inert, noninteractive form (e.g., journal publications) or as unlinked and currently incompatible computer data or algorithms. Presented here is the prototype of a computational environment and toolset, called the Virtual Research Vessel, to improve the situation by providing marine scientists and educators with simultaneous access to data, maps, and numerical models. While infrastructure is desired and needed for ready access to data and the resulting maps via web GIS in order to link disparate data sets (data to data), it is argued that data must also be linked to models for better exploration of new relations between observables, refinement of numerical simulations, and the quantitative evaluation of scientific hypotheses. For widespread data access, web GIS is therefore only a preliminary step rather than a final solution, and the ongoing implementation of the Virtual Research Vessel (scheduled for final completion in 2004-2005) is a case study for the midocean ridge community to test the effectiveness of moving beyond the data-to-data mode towards data-to-models and data-to-interpretation.     

可可西里地区湖泊水体地球化学特征

根据于１９８９年５－６月和１９９０年５－８月对可可西里地区综合科学考察所得资料，采用常规化学分析法，利用ＩＣＰ－３５２０光谱测定仪分析研究该地区湖泊及其补给水系的化学成分和展布规律。     

The effects of karst collapse on the environments in north China

In this paper, a systematic study was completed on the distribution features and origins of karst collapses in north China. There are 65 modern karst collapse areas with 1,416 karst collapse pits and 38 paleo–karst collapse areas with 3,654 paleo-collapse pillars. Modern karst collapses are mainly distributed in the plain region of the east Taihang and Yanshan Mountains and are concentrated in three zones from the west to the east in this region. The regional distribution features of karst collapses in north China are controlled by the boundary of the geological tectonics, condition of soluble rock and the extent of human activities. From the results, three-grade indices have been adopted to establish a classification scheme for karst collapse in north China. The effects of karst collapses on the environments in north China are summarized using a karst collapse classification scheme.     

Impact Assessment of Urban Meteorology and the Atmospheric Environment Using Urban Sub-Domain Planning

For the purpose of (1) investigating the relationship between urban planning and the atmospheric environment, and (2) improving the atmospheric environment through rational and scientific planning, an urban sub-domain scale model is developed in the form of a three-dimensional non-hydrostatic model with k – ɛ closure. The distribution and azimuth of buildings, the screening of shortwave radiation by buildings, and the underlying surface type as characteristics of the urban environment are included, the ground temperature is calculated using the force-restore method, and the concentration equation is solved simultaneously. The model is evaluated using special field observations and wind-tunnel experiment data, showing that model results meet the observational and experimental data generally well. Based on the model, an index system and evaluation method is set up to assess the impact of urban meteorology and the atmospheric environment using urban sub-domain planning. As an example, two layouts of a specific sub-domain in Beijing are assessed. The impact assessment system of urban meteorology and the atmospheric environment using urban sub-domain planning, which includes the urban sub-domain scale numerical model, index system and evaluation method, provides an effective approach to improve the atmospheric environment through rational and scientific planning.     

环境应力参数在2004年云南双柏5.0地震短期预测中的应用

依据云南区域数字化地震台网资料，采用新的方法，实现了对云南及邻区环境应力场变化的短临实时跟踪监视；通过对2004年双柏5．0级地震前环境应力参数时空演化的深入分析，给出了预测该次地震三要素的具体过程。     

湖南矿山地震类型及特征分析

从讨论矿产资源开发所引起的环境地质问题出发，对湖南矿震的形成机制进行分类。总结出3种类型的矿山诱发地震，即：矿山构造型、矿山塌陷型和矿山岩(煤)爆型。并分析了各类矿震的特征。     

合阳县经济林果区划

详细介绍了雷达等射束高度图的制作原理和方法，并分析了运城测雨雷达的探测能力，以及实际应用中注意的问题。