无限饱水孔隙弹性空间中由运动源所产生的位移场

基于Ｂｉｏｔ的饱和孔隙弹性介质的运动方程和利用复变函数方法，本文研究了无限饱水孔隙弹性空间中由常速运动源所产生的位移场。考虑了两种类型源：ａ．沿无限空间水平轴运动的斜向集中力源；ｂ．运动双力偶源。关于力源的运动速度，考虑了４种情形：ａ．力源的运动速度Ｕ小于饱水孔隙弹性介质的三种体波速度一亚音速情形；ｂ．速度Ｕ小于介质的第一纵波过度和横波速度，但大于第二纵波速度─—弱跨音速情形；ｃ．速度Ｕ小于第一纵波速度，但大于横波速度和第二级波速度─—强跨音速情形；ｄ．速度Ｕ大于介质的所有三种体波速度─—超音速情形。结果表明，在跨音达和超音速情形里，解呈现出与力源相联系的平面冲击波特征，位移出现了相应的跳跃。     

台湾海峡上地幔流变学状态及其构造意义

本文详细研究了台湾澎湖列岛上地幔幔源包体的变形结构、组构和橄榄石位错构造。根据包体矿物（辉石）化学成分的计算，平衡温度９８６－１１１６℃，压力为１．５０－２．６０ＧＰａ。上地幔变形事件可分为３个序列：（１）高温低应力均匀稳态流动变形；（２）高温较高应力上地幔底辟边缘的剪切流动变形；（３）低温高应变速率．（１１０）滑移条带的淬取变形。本区上地幔变形事件和热结构特征表明，福建东部和台湾澎湖列岛－带具有     

1990年10月天祝—景泰6.2级地震孕震过程剖析及其意义

本文依据天祝—景泰6.2级地震的地震构造、应力场条件及前兆分布,分析研究了该次地震的孕震过程。认为天祝一景泰6.2级地震的力源主要是NE向区域应力场的挤压,垂直差异运动对地震起了促震作用。孕震过程形成的震源应力场在空间上有四象限分布特征,时间上经历了孕育、形成、增强等阶段,相应地震源区则经历了弹性形变、塑性形变、塑性硬化及失稳错动的过程。     

弹性波边界元法正演模拟

弹性波边界元地震模型方法（ＢＥＥＳＭ），实现了二维和三维问题的纵、横波及转换波的同时模拟，并且能模拟任意复杂构造的地震声波正演模型．根据地震模型的特点，本文发展了数值积分计算与矩阵消元同步进行的块状高斯消元法；用解析法处理奇异积分；用无限元法处理边界吸收问题；采用单元长度随介质速度和计算频率变化的变单元算法，及自动剖分单元等技术，提高了计算精度，节省了内存，缩短了计算时间．     

华北地区库仑应力演化与强震活动关系

采用更加符合长期变形和震后短期变形的Burgers流变模型,模拟了华北地区1303年以来6.5级以上地震引起的同震和震后库仑应力演化.结合华北地区历史地震期幕活动特征,分析了不同活跃期之间、同一活跃期内不同地震之间的库仑应力加卸载效应.结果表明：华北地区不同活跃期的强震主体活动区受控于历史强震的库仑应力加载作用;每个活跃期内强震活动主体区在空间上的迁移与该活跃期内首个7.5级以上地震的触发作用有关;华北地区每个活跃期内强震活动在时间上表现出的"平静期—活跃警告期—高潮期—剩余释放期"应该是区域动力加载过程的一种表现.岩石圈流变松弛效应引起的库仑应力变化对华北地区强震活动时空演化有显著的促进作用.本研究讨论了库仑应力变化在华北地区历史地震活动时空演化过程中可能扮演的角色,为探索华北地区强震活动空间迁移和韵律特征蕴含的构造动力学过程,以及与之相关的地震危险性判定提供参考依据.     

Temperature,fluid content and rheology of localized ductile shear zones in subsolidus cooling plutons

Temperature and fluid content are critical parameters that control rock rheology and strain localization in the continental crust. Here, we determine by thermodynamic modelling the of localized ductile shearing during cooling of three different granitoid plutons: the Rieserferner and the Adamello plutons in the Italian Alps, and the Lake Edison pluton in the Sierra Nevada—USA. Shear zones exploited precursor joints, associated veins and alteration zones. and P−T phase diagram sections were computed with Perple_X in the system MnO−Na₂O−CaO −K₂O−FeO−MgO−Al₂O₃−SiO₂−H₂O−Fe₂O₃. The phase diagram sections show that the nucleation of the brittle precursors (joints, veins) occurred at T» 450°C at fluid-saturated conditions. Localized ductile shearing likely occurred at temperature ranging between 420 and 460°C evolving from initially fluid-saturated to fluid-undersaturated conditions in a closed system. In this temperature range, granitoid rocks are potentially subject to a series of retrograde metamorphic reactions replacing the load-bearing feldspars with weaker phyllosilicates. Metamorphic reactions occurred in spatial association with the precursory structures, leading to localized shearing. Decreasing temperature and fluid-undersaturated conditions likely hampered progressive strain accommodation in shear zones by slowing down metamorphic reactions, thermally activated dislocation creep processes, fluid-mediated deformation mechanisms and weakening mechanisms. Polyphase granitoid ultramylonite and mylonitic quartz veins have been affected differently by the fluid-undersaturated conditions of the system, as consequence of different dominant deformation mechanisms and syn-kinematic paragenesis during localized shearing. Localized ductile shearing in cooling plutons effectively occurs in a limited temperature range (420–460°C) in which the strain accommodation capacity of the shear zone is controlled by the negative feedback between the cooling rate, the kinetics of metamorphic reactions and deformation mechanisms, and the consumption of the limited amount of available fluids.