关于建立省级土地管理基础数据体系的思考

本文针对当前土地管理基础数据库中存在的问题,以省级土地管理基础数据体系建设为研究对象,讨论了基础数据体系设计原则,研究和设计土地管理基础数据体系的总体架构,提出了基础数据体系中数据获取、数据分类和密级确定的方法,以及基础数据体系在新时期土地管理工作中的作用。     

小区沉降观测的探索

住宅小区建筑沉降观测主要采用的方法是:水准观测,闭合线路检核,根据观测周期和相邻位置构建沉降变形数据的时间和空间序列,用数据序列变化反映沉降过程.本文在分析小区沉降数据的特点重复性、相关性和延续性后,使用电子表格和数据库来管理沉降数据,其优势在于充分利用了传统关系数据库的成熟技术,如并发控制、事务处理、结构化查询、权限设置等.     

浅谈质监管理信息系统的构建

针对传统的质量监管手段的局限性,介绍基于GIS和数据库的质监管理信息系统,包括系统数据需求、功能设计、系统逻辑结构、系统特征,并讨论系统未来设计的改进.     

基于FME的数据库自动制图技术探索与实践

传统的制图多基于图形文件进行手工操作,本文提出了一种以数据库为数据源的自动成图技术.充分应用了FME对数据的强大操作功能,摸索出一套自动化成图技术,实现了数据库的连接与数据提取,自动完成标准分幅数据提取、图面及图框整饰以及地图的批量输出工作,实际应用效果良好。     

国家地电台网中心技术系统的建设和运行

国家地电台网中心是在中国地震局"十五"数字地震观测网络项目建设期间建成的,是全国地电观测台网系统的枢纽和核心,肩负着对地电台网所辖台站的数据汇集、数据质量监控以及对外提供数据服务等重任。本文介绍了国家地电台网中心软硬件技术系统的构成、功能以及建成后的运行情况。     

中国地方政府科技财政支出对企业创新产出的影响研究——来自工业企业数据库的证据

自主创新是中国重要的国家战略之一,各级政府纷纷给予企业创新活动多方面的财政支持。然而,经济地理学很少考察政府财政支持对创新的具体效应,其他学科对这一问题的研究也缺乏定论。为弥补这一缺憾,本文运用工业企业数据库的大样本数据和多层次回归模型,分析了全国地级市政府科技财政支出对当地企业创新产出的影响。研究结果表明,地方政府对创新的支持效果存在异质性。从全国整体情况看,地方政府科技支出对企业创新产出的影响不显著,但东部地区、大城市例外;政府科技支出对国企和大中型企业的促进作用更强。该结论对于政府检视地方政府科技扶持政策效果和调整政府在科技创新方面的财政分配方案具有参考意义。     

Developing a flow-based spatial algorithm to delineate hospital service areas

Hospital service areas (HSAs) capture most of local patient-to-hospital travel flows, and have been accepted as the most basic unit for analyzing local hospital utilization and hospitalization patterns. If a given HSA includes multiple hospitals providing care for its residents, it is complicated to assign responsibility for small-area variation in hospital performance or healthcare costs to specific hospitals without established HSA managers. The goal of this study is to produce HSAs with the fewest number of hospitals within an HSA unit. Only a very limited number of studies are related to the HSA delineation. This study reviews the existing approaches to delineate a broader range of service areas besides HSAs. A spatial algorithm named Travel-to-Hospital Algorithm (TTHA) was developed and implemented using the individual hospital discharge records from the Florida State Inpatient Database for 2011. The final output, named the TTHA-derived HSAs, included 14 more eligible divisions in Florida than the HSAs produced by the traditional approach (92 vs. 78), with the degree of self-containment comparable between the two sets of HSAs. The TTHA provides insight into the patterns of hospital visits and holds great value for the delineation of other types of service and catchment areas.     

What we know about elemental bulk chondrule and matrix compositions: Presenting the ChondriteDB Database

Chondrules and matrix are the major components of chondritic meteorites and represent a significant evolutionary step in planet formation. The formation and evolution of chondrules and matrix and, in particular, the mechanics of chondrule formation remain the biggest unsolved challenge in meteoritics. A large number of studies of these major components not only helped to understand these in ever greater detail, but also produced a remarkably large body of data. Studying all available data has become known as ?big data? analyses and promises deep insights – in this case – to chondrule and matrix formation and relationships. Looking at all data may also allow one to better understand the mechanism of chondrule formation or, equally important, what information we might be missing to identify this process. A database of all available chondrule and matrix data further provides an overview and quick visualisation, which will not only help to solve actual problems, but also enable students and future researchers to quickly access and understand all we know about these components. We collected all available data on elemental bulk chondrule and matrix compositions in a database that we call ChondriteDB. The database also contains petrographic and petrologic information on chondrules. Currently, ChondriteDB contains about 2388 chondrule and 1064 matrix data from 70 different publications and 161 different chondrites. Future iterations of ChondriteDB will include isotope data and information on other chondrite components. Data quality is of critical importance. However, as we discuss, quality is not an objective category, but a subjective judgement. Quantifiable data acquisition categories are required that allow selecting the appropriate data from a database in the context of a given research problem. We provide a comprehensive overview on the contents of ChondriteDB. The database is available as an Excel file upon request from the senior author of this paper, or can be accessed through MetBase.     

云南天文台Hα全日面观测数据服务系统

云南天文台Hα全日面望远镜是云南天文台太阳观测的主要仪器之一。经过十几年的运行,望远镜积累了大量的观测数据,并且这些数据还在以每天1～2Gbyte的速度增长。为了保存这些数据,便于进行数据共享,建立了Hα全日面观测数据服务系统。硬件方面,采用DAS+NAS的存储方案;软件方面采用PHP+MySQL的方案。本系统的基本功能包括数据存储、数据备份、数据查询和数据下载,并已经正常运行了半年左右。介绍了这一系统的设计方案和基本结构。由于这一系统更多的是为澄江1m红外太阳塔的有关系统的设计提供经验和参照,因此在文中相关部分初步讨论了某些针对澄江1m红外太阳塔有关系统的考虑。     

《天文学名词》数据库新版网站设计与实现

<天文学名词>数据库网站是天文学名词审定委员会开展名词审定工作和为广大用户提供名词查询检索以及其它相关服务的网络平台.随着名词审定工作的不断推进和广大用户对名词数据库功能需求的不断增加,原有的网络平台从功能和信息量上都无法满足当前的需求.<天文学名词>数据库新版网站借助成熟的数据库和网络技术,围绕名词的征集、审定、发布、查询检索等环节,充分实现了广大用户和天文学名词审定委员会所需要的功能.提供了更加丰富的信息.介绍了新版数据库及网站的设计原则、实现方法,并从功能需求出发着重介绍后台数据库和用户界面的设计与实现.<天文学名词>数据库网站是一个典型的由数据库驱动的简单网络应用系统,本文所涉及的工作和介绍的经验将为类似应用系统的开发提供切实可行的参考.