上海市桩基础的桩型选择问题

本文介绍了上海市桩基础的常用桩型及其特性,并进行了经济性和实用性的比较;提出了上海桩型需要改进和进一步发展的意见,提出了几种尚未采用的新桩型,这些新的桩型在技术和经济性方面可能是有竞争力的。     

Estimation of Sill Matrices in the Linear Model of Coregionalization

When using least squares to fit the linear model of coregionalization to multivariate geostatistical data, the sill matrices for the different regions must be estimated, subject to the constraint that they be non-negative definite. In 1992, Goulard and Voltz proposed and empirically examined an iterative algorithm for doing this. Although no proof was given for its convergence or for the uniqueness of the solution to the problem, the algorithm has subsequently been extensively and successfully used. In this paper, we prove that the minimization problem, in fact, has a unique solution and that the algorithm is guaranteed to converge to it from any starting point. We also discuss the effect of the starting point on the speed of convergence.     

公路工程地质遥感勘察

卫星遥感技术应用在公路选线中，具有常规方法无可比拟的优势。在湖南省常德-吉首高速公路初勘研究中，以正射航空相片，Landsat-TM数字图像为主要信息源，通过数据处理和地学遥感判释，并综合分析其它资料，对常吉公路沿线地区进行了地质构造。地层，地貌。地表水，第四系等遥感专题调查。探讨分析了不良地质现象分布规律。形成背景及发展演化趋势。在此基础上比较各设计线路之优缺点。并提出科学合理的建议线路方案。方法对自然条件十分复杂的西部公路建设有较好的借鉴意义。     

短基线GPS控制网双差整周模糊度的直接解算方法

短基线GPS控制网双差整周模糊的直接解算方法(DC,D irect Calcu lation算法)可以避开"周跳的探测与修复"和"整周模糊度的搜索固定",是一种新的整周模糊度解算方法。在基线坐标满足一定条件的情况下,可以保证解算的L1,-1和L-3,4双差整周模糊度的浮点解与整数解之间的偏差小于0.5周,由浮点解直接四舍五入,进而可以直接解算L1双差整周模糊度。本文用自编软件解算了实测数据,验证了本文方法的实用性,并可获得与商用软件TGO精度相当的基线。     

核废料处置库选址过程中自然灾害风险性评价

自然灾害是给人类及其设施带来严重灾难的危害。本文试图在了解灾害的危害性基础上，以火山作用为例，在核废料处置库选址中，通过圈定灾害高发区、确定风险评价参数、划出高风险区及风险等级三步骤，对灾害风险性进行评价。     

NARX neural network approach for the monthly prediction of groundwater levels in Sylhet Sadar,Bangladesh

Groundwater is important for managing the water supply in agricultural countries like Bangladesh. Therefore, the ability to predict the changes of groundwater level is necessary for jointly planning the uses of groundwater resources. In this study, a new nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs(NARX) network has been applied to simulate monthly groundwater levels in a well of Sylhet Sadar at a local scale. The Levenberg-Marquardt(LM) and Bayesian Regularization(BR) algorithms were used to train the NARX network, and the results were compared to determine the best architecture for predicting monthly groundwater levels over time. The comparison between LM and BR showed that NARX-BR has advantages over predicting monthly levels based on the Mean Squared Error(MSE), coefficient of determination(R~2), and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency(NSE). The results show that BR is the most accurate method for predicting groundwater levels with an error of ± 0.35 m. This method is applied to the management of irrigation water source, which provides important information for the prediction of local groundwater fluctuation at local level during a short period.     

Climato-hydrological environment inferred from Lake Baikal sediments based on an automatic orbitally tuned age model

We propose a new automatic orbital tuning algorithm to adjust climatic signals to insolation. This can tune two signals with periodicity only without shape similarity. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used as an optimizing method. The new age model for the Brunhes epoch in Lake Baikal core BDP98 defined climatic shifts at about 250 kyr B.P., 350 kyr B.P. and 700 kyr B.P. The sedimentation rate for the interval from 350 kyr B.P. to 700 kyr B.P. was comparatively low and stable. This new model also indicates that there was a stadial during the super interglacial period (MIS 11), and that the terrestrial response to climate change was complex in this period.     

中原城市群轨道交通干线选择研究——基于图论最小生成树Kruskal算法

中原城市群的发展是中部崛起的关键所在.中原城市群交通网络中轨道交通干线的构建,必将对其建设与发展起到巨大的推进作用.从计算机学科图论的角度入手,利用Kruskal求解最小生成树算法,对构建最小投资中原城市群快速干线进行了理论性研究.首先用无向图的概念对中原城市群九城市及其间距离进行图的抽象,然后给出算法过程以及实质求解意义并获得结论,最后论述了该算法的不足并对算法的结论进行了现实修正.该算法在油气干线、超高压电力干线等大型基础设施建设中亦存在一定应用前景.     

一种正交结构盲均衡器

根据实际工作中遇到的问题——由载波泄露,调制或解调载波不正交等原因引起的正交干扰,实现了一种正交结构的均衡器。这种正交结构的均衡器在一般均衡器结构的基础上通过增加两个横向滤波器的方法消除正交干扰。采用改进的恒模算法（MCMA）的误差计算方法进行实验,通过观察星座图,代价函数和均方误差的学习曲线,展示了这种正交结构均衡器的性能：除了能像一般均衡器一样消除幅度干扰和相位旋转外,还能消除正交支路间的串扰。     

基于高度计遥感数据的北太平洋中尺度涡提取

针对海洋中尺度涡现象,提出一种基于海平面高度异常数据(SLA)的中尺度涡泛克里金提取算法。该算法运用变差函数工具计算SLA变差场,定义为广义振幅场,再利用泛克里金插值消除数据虚警和噪声,借助广义振幅场与实际振幅的关系通过少数几条特征等值线实现涡旋及其属性的提取。选取北太平洋作为实验区,采用2012年4月的4期SLA进行了中尺度涡的定量提取、分析,共提取出841个中尺度涡(含3个多核涡),包含450个气旋涡和391个反气旋涡;与其他遥感提取方法的对比显示北太平洋中尺度涡的成功检测率接近90%,过度检测率小于20%。结果表明:(1)算法具有省时高效性,通过对SLA场的重构创建广义振幅场,避免了等值线筛选过程,相对于海面高度闭合等值线等其他遥感方法具有判据简单及提取速度快的特性;(2)可靠性好,能够通过推导得出的特征等值线确保稳定的提取准确度;算法建立在发展成熟的等值线提取方法之上,并且有变差函数与泛克里金法的理论支撑;(3)自适应性强,可以对任意海区进行实时的涡旋检测和提取,并且除振幅值统计资料及必要基础数据外无需依赖其他辅助性数据。