Sedimentary facies and paleoenvironmental interpretation of a Holocene marsh in the Gironde Estuary in France

1Introduction Since the last glacial maximum, the Holocenehas been marked by a rapid rise in sea level. After6 000 a BP, the present-day level was reached andthe rate of sea-level rise (SLR) decreased rapidly(Morzadec -Kerfourn, 1974; Kidson, 1986 ).These…     

非静力滞弹性模式中水平分辨率与垂直分辨率的协调性初探

为了理论上研究非静力滞弹性模式中水平分辨率与垂直分辨率之间的搭配问题,以线性斜压滞弹性方程组为出发方程,导出解析的频散方程、水平群速方程和垂直群速方程,同时在最优三维网格C／CP下进行离散,也导出频散方程、水平群速方程和垂直群速方程,然后用图示的方法,比较了在不同的水平和垂直格距下模拟解析解所产生的误差。结果表明：当垂直格距和水平格距相当时,在C／CP网格上对惯性重力波的频率、水平群速和垂直群速都能较好地模拟,产生的相对误差均在5％以下。     

Carbon isotope ratios of C_4 plants in loess areas of North China

Recent stable carbon isotope studies have shown that the occurrence of C4 plants on the Earth was much later than that of C3 plants and there was a global ex-pansion of C4 biomass around 5―8 million years ago[1]. Although far fewer species use the C4 pat…     

淮北煤田太原组灰岩水年龄及同位素地球化学特征

为了解淮北煤田太原组灰岩水年龄、水化学特征及演化,采集了淮北煤田29个矿井地下水样品进行水常规、氢氧同位素及~(14)C测试。利用传统图示及统计方法探讨了地下水化学特征及演化,约束了地下水年龄及径流特征。结果表明:淮北煤田太原组灰岩水年龄在2900～21910 a之间变化,不同矿区之间灰岩水化学特征有明显差异。闸河矿区以较低的TDS浓度、最小的地下水年龄和最高的δD和δ~(18)O值为特征,为淮北煤田太原组灰岩水主要的补给区;临涣矿区孙疃矿、宿县矿区桃园矿具有较大的地下水年龄、较高的TDS浓度和低的δD和δ~(18)O值,为主要排泄区。TDS浓度等值线图和地下水年龄等值线图呈现一致的演化规律,淮北煤田东北部闸河矿区为主要补给区。太原组灰岩水径流特征主要受构造背景的控制,地下水补给条件及水岩相互作用程度决定了水体中TDS浓度和氢氧同位素富集特征。     

Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of car- bonate cements of different phases in terrigenous siliciclastic reservoirs and significance for their origin： A case study from sandstones of the Triassic Yanchang Formation, southwestern Ordos Basin, China

Early carbonate cements in the Yanchang Formation sandstones are composed mainly of calcite with relatively heavier carbon isotope （their δ^18O values range from -0.3‰- -0.1‰） and lighter oxygen isotope （their δ^18O values range from -22.1‰- -19.5‰）. Generally, they are closely related to the direct precipitation of oversaturated calcium carbonate from alkaline lake water. This kind of cementation plays an important role in enhancing the anti-compaction ability of sandstones, preserving intragranular volume and providing the mass basis for later disso- lution caused by acidic fluid flow to produce secondary porosity. Ferriferous calcites are characterized by relatively light carbon isotope with δ^13C values ranging from -8.02‰ to -3.23‰, and lighter oxygen isotope with δ^18O values ranging from -22.9‰ to -19.7‰, which is obviously related to the decarboxylation of organic matter during the late period of early diagenesis to the early period of late diagenesis. As the mid-late diagenetic products, ferriferous cal- cites in the study area are considered as the characteristic authigenic minerals for indicating large-scaled hydrocarbon influx and migration within the clastic reservoir. The late ankerite is relatively heavy in carbon isotope with δ^13C values ranging from -1.92‰ to -0.84‰, and shows a wide range of variations in oxygen isotopic composition, with δ^18O values ranging from -20.5‰ to -12.6‰. They are believed to have nothing to do with decarboxylation, but the previously formed marine carbonate rock fragments may serve as the chief carbon source for their precipitation, and the alkaline diagenetic environment at the mid-late stage would promote this process.     

基于相干特征的岩石薄片序列图像边缘提取及颗粒分割

针对岩石颗粒边缘模糊、结构复杂的特点,为了更有效地识别颗粒边缘,在基于特征值的C3相干算法的基础上,融合多尺度和多角度的特征表达,提出了一种改进的C3相干算法。该算法综合考虑岩石薄片图像角度域光学特征、空间尺度信息和各向异性信息,能更有效地表征颗粒边缘特征,表现出对复杂矿物结构的适应能力。在采集的岩石薄片正交偏光图像上验证提出的算法,实验结果表明,与原生C3相干算法相比,改进后的C3相干算法在全局图像上的方差和灰度差分乘积分别提升了68.41%和22.91%,信息熵下降了21.61%。     

云南建水水草冲铜矿矿床地质特征及成矿物质来源

本文通过研究云南建水水草冲铜矿地质特征、围岩玄武岩和矿石矿物的微量元素、S、C、O同位素的组成,示踪了该矿床的成矿物质来源和性质。研究结果表明,云南建水水草冲铜矿位于滇东南哀牢山变质体北侧,容矿围岩为峨眉山玄武岩,矿体受北东向逆断层及其次级断裂控制,延深大于延长,形状不规则,矿体内多夹灰岩角砾及矿化玄武岩角砾,矿石矿物主要为黄铜矿,矿化蚀变以硅化、碳酸盐化、绿泥石化为主。水草冲铜矿黄铜矿与黄铁矿稀土元素具有相同的稀土元素组成与含量,ΣREE平均为1.901×l0-6,富集轻稀土元素,轻重稀土元素比(LREE/HREE)平均为8.188,（La/Yb）N值平均为10.259;δEu值平均为0.977;Ce呈现弱负异常,δCe值平均为0.808。黄铁矿中的Co/Ni比值为0.835,显示水草冲铜矿床为中温热液矿床;黄铁矿的Y/Ho比值平均为38.23,表明水草冲铜矿床的成矿流体为混合来源。结合黄铁矿的稀土微量元素特征,推断水草冲铜矿床的成矿流体是Cl多于F的流体。S的来源复杂,黄铁矿δ34SCDT（‰）的变化范围（18.3~29.4）与海水硫酸盐(海相蒸发岩)的δ34S值接近或略低;黄铜矿δ34SCDT（‰）变化范围是-0.5~10.1,表明有深部硫的参与。δ13C V-PDB（0.9‰~2.6‰）,δ18O V-SMOW（14.3‰~15.9‰）反映了方解石流体可能为热液循环萃取沉积岩地层混合形成。综上,推测成矿物质为后期构造热液萃取围岩（玄武岩和灰岩等）所得,其中铜主要来自于玄武岩本身,而硫的来源以地层硫为主。     

对虾高位池精养和生态养殖模式下沉积物中碳、氮元素变化及对底栖细菌的影响

本文采用原位生态学研究方法分析两种较为典型的对虾养殖模式—高位池精养模式和生态养殖模式沉积物中碳、氮元素的变化和其对底栖细菌的影响.结果表明:(1)在两种养殖模式下沉积物中碳元素含量都是呈上升趋势,高位池精养模式中C∶N值呈下降趋势,而生态养殖模式中C∶N值则呈上升趋势.(2)底栖细菌的呼吸量及其生物量变化呈显著正相关.单位生物量的底栖细菌代谢力变化和沉积物中C∶N值有关.在高位池精养模式中,沉积物C∶N值较高(＞16.59),单位生物量底栖细菌代谢力保持恒定;在生态养殖模式中,沉积物C∶N值较低(＜15.58),单位生物量底栖细菌代谢力随C∶N值的上升而增加.     

多氯联苯(Aroclor 1242)胁迫下鲤鱼肝脏组织氧化应激

本文在实验室条件下通过静态水质染毒方式在生理生化和转录水平上探究了我国重要经济鱼种鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpioio)对多氯联苯Aroclor 1242的氧化应激:鲤鱼肝脏组织抗氧化酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SuperoxideDismutase,SOD)和过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)]活性、脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(Malonydialdehyde,MDA)含量、相关抗氧化酶编码基因(Cu/Zn-SOD、Mn-SOD、CAT)、应激蛋白HSP70、转录因子Nrf2和芳烃受体AhR2基因表达。结果表明:Aroclor 1242胁迫下,鲤鱼肝脏组织抗氧化酶活性表现出低浓度促进高浓度抑制的趋势;肝脏组织丙二醛含量显著升高,其中390μg/L暴露组鲤鱼肝脏组织MDA含量在第6d高于对照组92.1%(P0.01),表明肝脏组织发生脂质过氧化,膜系统受到损伤;鲤鱼肝脏组织中Cu/Zn-SOD、Mn-SOD、CAT、HSP70、Nrf2和AhR2编码基因表达出现不同程度下调。本文从酶学和基因转录水平上揭示了Aroclor1242胁迫下鲤鱼肝脏组织细胞的氧化应激。     

青蛤(Cyclina sinensis) TRAF6基因克隆及其在Poly I:C胁迫下的免疫应答

对青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)转录组文库筛选并克隆得到青蛤TRAF6(Cs TRAF6)基因的c DNA序列,其开放阅读框为2337bp,编码778个氨基酸,分子量为86.59k Da。Cs TRAF6蛋白包含RING型锌指结构,两个TRAF型锌指结构,coiled-coil结构域以及MATH结构域。经生物信息学及分子系统学分析表明Cs TRAF6属于TRAF6家族的一员。利用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测了Cs TRAF6基因在青蛤各个组织以及在Poly I:C侵染下在血淋巴中的时序性表达情况。结果表明,Cs TRAF6基因在青蛤血淋巴、闭壳肌、鳃、性腺、外套膜和肝脏中普遍表达,其中在血淋巴中的表达水平最高。在Poly I:C刺激后的3h,青蛤血淋巴中Cs TRAF6的表达量迅速升高,在6h达到最大值,说明青蛤的Cs TRAF6基因参与了病毒类似物侵染下的免疫应答反应。