Optimal operation model of a single reservoir with drought duration explicitly concerned

In this paper, a new model for a single reservoir operation optimization is proposed. The proposed model can design the optimal operation policy of a reservoir with explicit consideration of drought duration. The authors model this problem by formulating a single-stage loss function as a function of both the reservoir release and drought duration. Thereby the expected loss per period which is calculated based on the above extended single-stage loss function is minimized in infinite time horizon on the basis of Markov decision process (MDP) theory. The reliability indices are estimated as expected loss per period for specified extended loss functions. Finally, the features of the proposed model are illustrated through numerical analysis.     

河套灌区井渠联合运用优化灌溉模型

针对河套灌区的地面水与地下水联合运用问题,提出了井渠结合优化灌溉模型,以最佳种植模式和最优工程运行策略,达到控制地下水位、防治土壤盐碱化、获得农作物稳产高产的目的.模型有调蓄地面水源、土壤贮水层、地下含水层的能力.优化计算成果与266.7hm2试验示范区的实际运行结果相吻合,节水、节能、增产及控制地下水位、改良盐碱地等效果十分显著,这对发展节水型灌溉农业具有重要的现实意义.     

THE MEDIUM-RANGE NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION OPERATION SYSTEM IN THE CHINA NATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL CENTER

It is not only meteorological problems for the medium-range numerical weather prediction(NWP) research to be in operation,but also engineering and technological problems.Here we gener-ally described the results of research,engineering construction,operation information and testing,inthe course of set-up of medium-range NWP operation system in the China National MeteorologicalCenter.     

An experiment on reservoir representation schemes to improve hydrologic prediction: coupling the national water model with the HEC-ResSim

ABSTRACT

This study experiments with reservoir representation schemes to improve the ability to model active water management in the National Water Model (NWM). For this purpose, we developed an integrated water management model, NWM-ResSim, by coupling the NWM with HEC-ResSim, and two reservoir representation schemes are tested: simulation of reservoir operations and retrieval of scheduled operations. The experiments focus on a pilot reservoir domain in the Russian River basin – Lake Mendocino, California – and its contributing watershed. The evaluation results suggest that the NWM-ResSim improves the simulation performance of reservoir outflow from this managed reservoir over the NWM default level pool routing scheme. The degree of this improvement depends on the suitability of the operation guidance; the reservoir operations simulation scheme could have acceptable errors for the purposes of water resources management, but not for flood operations. Results of the retrieval scheme of scheduled operations demonstrated better performance for sub-daily flood operations.     

引力向量及梯度张量在坐标系之间的变换

引力向量和引力梯度张量在局部和全局坐标系间的转换过程是对卫星重力梯度测量进行模拟研究的主要手段和重要步骤.提出了利用计算机符号运算辅助推导该转换过程的新思想.首先通过对该过程进行分析,指出其运算繁琐复杂;然后通过对理论推导过程的分解,确定了引力向量和引力梯度张量在局部和全局坐标系之间转换的各关键步骤;并借助于计算机符号运算实现了这一转换过程的计算机推演,成功地得到了完整的符号公式结果.所编写的符号推演程序在多台计算机的多种平台上获得了一致的结果.实验结果表明,计算机符号运算对于公式体系繁杂的卫星重力学理论研究来说具有极大的增效作用.     

建筑企业的管理与发展

南宁大地建筑装饰工程公司,由一个小的、效益欠佳的企业发展成为一个初具规模的中型企业,是由于强化了管理这个中心环节。实践证明,队伍的管理、质量的管理是企业发展的两个关健因素,,再加上领导者的正确决策,对各种因素的综合利用和协调艺术,就能为企业的发展提供保证。     

四湖排水系统运行规划优化模型

分析了四湖排水系统的运行特点,应用大系统理论对系统进行了递阶分析并确定了该系统运行规划的NLP/DP/LP优化模型结构。在确定系统运行规则的基础上,分层建立了系统运行规划优化模型。     

Investigation on Cutting Stability of Jacket in Decommissioning Process

Jacket cutting operation is one of the most complicated and highest risk operations in the process of decommissioning offshore piled platform, the security and stability of which must be assured. In this paper, the current research on offshore structure removal and jacket cutting is introduced, on the basis of which the types of load along with the load calculation method are determined. The main influences on the stability of a jacket in cutting are analyzed. The experiment test plan is drawn by using orthogonal testing method, and the formula of critical load during the cutting procedure is deduced by differential evolution algorithm. To verify the method and results of this paper, an offshore piled platform to be decommissioned in the South China Sea is taken for an example, and the detailed schedule for jacket cutting is made with the three-dimensional finite element model of the jacket established. The natural frequency, stress, strain and stability of the jacket during cutting process are calculated, which indicates that the results of finite element analysis agree well with that of the deduced formula. The result provides the scientific reference for guaranteeing the safety of jacket in cutting operation.     

地面自动气象观测设备运行状态信息检测技术

地面自动气象观测设备运行状态检测机制不足一直是困扰我国地面气象观测运行保障工作的一大难题。本研究从运行监控实际业务需求角度出发,在梳理现有业务运行地面自动气象观测设备结构基础上,结合部分研究成果,从数据采集模块、气压观测模块、温湿度观测模块、风观测模块、地温观测模块、雨量观测模块、供电系统模块、软件模块、能见度观测模块和称重降水观测模块共10个方面逐一细化了每一主要部件的状态检测点,并对其进行了分类和编码,同时参考现行业务运行设备长Z数据报文,制定了地面自动气象观测设备运行状态报文规范,最终研制了地面自动气象观测设备运行状态信息检测技术。通过统一规范、标准,研究结果可解决目前我国地面自动气象观测设备监控信息设计规范缺失的问题,可缓解当前厂家多、型号杂、设备不统一的不利局面,有利于推进地面自动气象观测设备运行监控技术规范化建设工作。     

基于微分对策理论的多沙河流水库调度

水库的排沙问题一直是多沙河流水库调度研究的重点之一。由于大部分多沙河流的来水来沙主要集中于汛期,因此水库汛期的蓄水兴利与泄水排沙的矛盾十分突出,具有典型的博弈关系,该关系可以利用博弈的相关理论进行描述。基于微分对策理论,将多沙河流水库汛期的供水兴利与泄水排沙看作博弈的双方,建立起以排沙和供水的综合效益作为性能指标函数的多沙河流水库汛期调度模型,研究了多沙河流水库汛期的调度问题,并通过陕西黑河某水库的实测资料对该模型进行了验证计算。计算结果表明,建立的调度模型能够较好地反映多沙河流水库汛期调度中的主要矛盾,实现对供水与排沙综合效益的优化。