Mechanism of Gonadal Precocity in Cultured Large Yellow Croaker,Pseudosciaena Crocea: A Study of Microstructure and Submicrostructure of Leydig Cell and Sertoli Cell in Testis

Microstructure and submicrostructure of Leydig cell and Sertoli cell in the testis of gonadal precocity and immaturation in cultured large yellow croaker, Pseudosciaena crocea, are studied using histology and electron microscopic technique. The results indicate that the fine structure of the two kinds of cells in different development stages presents an obvious difference. The smooth endoplasmic reticular and tubular mitochondria of Leydig cell and Sertoli cell are well developed in the testis of gonadal precocity, but poorly developed in the testis of immaturation. We suggest that the reason for gonadal precocity in the large yellow croaker may be related to the earlier development and maturation of Leydig cell and Sertoli cell.     

锯缘青蟹前脑神经分泌细胞的超微结构

经透射电镜观察，锯缘青蟹（Scylla serrata)前脑具有3种类型的神经分泌细胞。I型细胞最大，胞质中存在许多大小不同的空泡，分泌颗粒数量很少；Ⅱ型细胞中等大小，细胞器发达，分泌颗粒数量较多，形态多样；Ⅲ型细胞最小，分泌颗粒数量最多，电子密度低，细胞器很少。锯缘青蟹前脑神经分泌细胞的特点，为甲壳动物系统演化处于较低的地位提供了形态学证据。     

牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)红细胞单克隆抗体与五种养殖鱼类血细胞的交叉反应

以牙鲆血细胞为抗原免疫Balb／c小鼠，选用聚乙二醇(PEG)作为细胞融合剂，将免疫的小鼠脾细胞与P3 X63 Ag8U1骨髓瘤细胞融合，筛选、克隆出3株生产抗牙鲆红细胞单克隆抗体(Mabs)的杂交瘤细胞(1C7、286、3A1)。应用免疫荧光抗体法(IFAT)研究3株单抗与5种常见养殖鱼类(大菱鲆、花鲈、真鲷、许氏平鲉、鲫鱼)红细胞的交叉反应，结果显示，3株单抗与5种鱼类红细胞有不同程度的阳性反应；应用Western blotting法分析单抗识别的蛋白分子量，结果显示，单抗1C7与大菱鲆血细胞结合的蛋白分子量为52kD、47kD、45kD、32kD、29kD、27kD，与花鲈、许氏平 结合的蛋白分子量是52kD、29kD，与真鲷结合的为29kD，与鲫鱼结合的为44kD、29kD、28kD；单抗286与大菱鲆、花鲈血细胞结合的蛋白带分子量是30kD、28kD，与真鲷结合的为30kD，与许氏平 结合的为29kD、28kD；单抗3A1没有Western blotting反应。结果表明，这6种鱼红细胞存在相同或相似的抗原决定簇，蛋白成分具有相似性。     

Tectonothermal history of the western Lachlan Fold Belt, Australia: insights from white mica studies

Detailed b lattice parameter and illite crystallinity (IC) studies of K-white micas in slates from the Stawell and Ballarat-Bendigo Zones (SZ, BBZ) in the western Lachlan Fold Belt of Victoria, Australia, reveal a metamorphic pattern characterized by regional metamorphism associated with crustal thickening and younger contact metamorphism accompanied by deformation. The IC data indicate that rocks regionally metamorphosed prior to the intrusion of the Early and Late Devonian granitoids, vary in grade from epizonal (greenschist facies) to diagenetic (zeolite facies) and that most are of epizonal to anchizonal (prehnite–pumpellyite facies) grade. In the BBZ, a decrease in grade from west to east occurs. Across fault zones, IC values show little change, indicating that limited vertical displacement has occurred. This is in accord with the thin skinned deformation model proposed for the western Lachlan Fold Belt. The b lattice parameters (x=9.022 Å; n=137; σ_n=0.009) indicate baric conditions intermediate between those of New Hampshire (P=Al₂SiO₅ triple point) and Otago (intermediate P ). Thus, a moderately low geothermal gradient existed 450–430 Ma ago, when these rocks were deformed. K_D Fe/Mg (actinolite)/Fe/Mg (chlorite) values (0.52–0.70) obtained from coexisting actinolite and chlorite in metabasites from fault zones support the moderately high-P (c. 4 kbar) metamorphism suggested by the b cell parameter values. The metamorphic conditions indicated by these data are contrary to the low-P/high-T conditions proposed by previous authors, who inferred an intimate association between deformation, granitoid intrusion and gold mineralization. The b lattice parameter of white micas in slates adjacent to Early Devonian (c. 400 Ma) granitoids with schist bearing aureoles in the north-eastern part of the BBZ (x=9.002 Å; n=27; σ_n=0.007), indicate pressures in the order of c. 2.5 kbar which are in accord with those obtained from andalusite–cordierite and zoisite–garnet bearing assemblages observed in the higher grade metapelitic and calcareous rocks. This contrasts with the higher pressure (c. 4 kbar) existing during regional metamorphism and implies that c. 6.5–8 km of metasedimentary rocks in the BBZ were removed before the emplacement of the Early Devonian granitoids. Metamorphic assemblages in hornfelses associated with Late Devonian granitoids indicate a further 5–6 km of metasediment were removed in the next 40 Ma prior to their emplacement. This study shows the value of white mica studies in elucidating the tectonothermal history of a low-grade metamorphic terrane dominated by metapelitic rocks.     

Ferrel环流之新解

由于Ferrel环流与中高纬度存在强盛的西风带这一现代大气观测手段所证实的事实相悖,对其是否存在,及其环流形态一直存在着很大的争议.本文利用1998～2003年的NCEP/NCAR（National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research, 美国国家环境预报中心/美国国家大气研究中心）再分析资料（10°×10°,经/纬度网格）,根据北半球夏季（6～8月）太平洋地区（0°～60°N;160°E～120°W）的三维风场的基本特征,分析了北半球夏季太平洋地区平均经圈环流,特别是Ferrel环流的特征,发现Ferrel环流具有与已往研究不同的性质,并在此基础上提出了Ferrel环流新的概念模型,与过去的经典的环流概念模型相比能较好地描述高低空环流的基本特征,同时在考虑地球自转效应下,能够完满地解释中高纬度西风带的维持.     

煤田弯线地震勘探技术及应用

在黄土塬区或复杂的黄土地形区作煤田地震勘探工作需要进行沿沟弯线地震施工技术的研究。通过项目实施,对弯线技术的应用有所见解,着重分析了弯曲测线在煤田地震勘探中的主要采集参数选择和施工技术措施,并介绍了地震弯线技术的应用效果。      

Elastic constants of single-crystal Pt measured up to 20 GPa based on inelastic X-ray scattering: Implication for the establishment of an equation of state

Phonon velocities and densities for Pt were measured based on inelastic X-ray scattering from ambient pressure to 20 GPa in order to independently determine its equation of state (EOS). Phonon velocities were determined with sine dispersion relations. C_ij values were obtained by fitting phonon velocities and densities to the Christoffel equation. We found that the obtained C_ijs were in good agreement with previously reported C_ijs at ambient condition. Based on the C_ij values in various conditions, experimental pressures were calculated. The EOS of Pt as a primary pressure scale was determined based on the experimental pressures. We report K’ = 5.17 with fixed K_T = 274.1 GPa and V₀ = 60.360 ų for Vinet EOS. Our scale is in good agreement with several previously published scales based on shock experiments and XRD.     

Simultaneous measurements of the two-dimensional distribution of infrared laser intensity and temperature in a single-sided laser-heated diamond anvil cell

In this report, we demonstrate that combining the laser heating system in a diamond anvil cell (LH-DAC) with a tandem acoustic-optical tunable filter (LH-DAC–TAOTF) allows for the simultaneous measurement of (a) the relative infrared (IR, 1070 nm) power distribution on a specimen surface in the DAC; (b) the temperature distribution under laser heating of a specimen under high-pressure in a DAC; it also (c) provides an opportunity to control the shape of the IR laser spot on the surface of the heated specimen. The effect of the π-shaper on the shape and the position of the focus of the IR laser beam on a specimen using a TAOTF is also presented. For a 10× long-working distance objective, the smallest diameter of the IR laser was found to be around 10 μm, when the focal plane coincides with that of the imaging optical system of LH-DAC. The highest diameter of the IR laser was shown to be 20 μm when the rim of the π-shaper was set at 3 μm. It is demonstrated also that the TAOFT not only permits to measure the two-dimensional (2-D) distribution of the IR laser power, but also allows for the alignment of the laser before each heating event at different pressures.     

应用杨赤中滤波推估法计算库容量

应用杨赤中滤波推估法,利用二项系数加权游动平均对观测值序列进行逐遍滤波,建立估值数学模型,求得各个方格中心高程估值.再由水库工程的溢洪道高程设计值与各方格中心高程的差值,求得各方格的体积,汇总即得库容量.讨论了不规则边界处理算法.     

Estimating biomass of phytoplankton in the Jiaozhou Bay I. Phytoplankton biomass estimated from cell volume and plasma volume

I~IOXPhytoplankton is the doAnnant primary producer O'f the pelagic realm, converting inorganicmaterials (e. g., nitrate, phosphate) into new organic compounds (e. g., proteins, lipids) by theprocess of photosynthesis and thereby starting the marine food chain (Lalli and Parsons, 1993).Historically, phytoplankton abundance has primarily been measured and expressed as cellnumbers based on enumeration of the phytoplankton in an aliquot of the sample. Such measurements have established four ba…