福建建瓯地区“竹洲砾岩”的厘定

对发育于福建建瓯市迪口镇竹洲村的"竹洲砾岩"的野外调查和室内研究表明,该砾岩既不是前震旦系马面山群龙北溪组的底部砾岩,也不是构造砾岩,而是相当于晚三叠世大坑组(T3d)层位的底砾岩,不整合沉积在前震旦系迪口组之上.这一发现对深化研究该地区前寒武纪地质构造演化历史具有重要意义.     

Neoproterozoic Tectonic Setting of Southeast China: New Constraints from SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Ages and Petrographic Studies on the Mamianshan Group

<正>Precambrian tectonic history of Zhejiang,Fujian,and Jiangxi provinces of south China is important for understanding the tectonic evolution of South China but its magmatic activity, petrogenesis,stratigraphic sequence of the Mamianshan Group is still strongly controversial.Here we present new sensitive high resolution ion micro-probe(SHRIMP) U-Pb zircon geochronological data for the Mamianshan Group and petrographical data to constrain the tectonic framework of the regions.Our results showed that the SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age of green schists of the Dongyan Formation is 796.5±9.3 Ma,the Daling Formation is 756.2±7.2 Ma,and mica-quartz schist of the Longbeixi Formation is 825.5±9.8 Ma.These data indicate that the Mamianshan Group was formed not in the Mesoproterozoic,but in the Neoproterozoic and its stratigraphic sequences should be composed of Longbeixi,Dongyan,and Daling Formations from the bottom to the top.Rocks from this Group, from Zhejiang,Fujian and Jiangxi provinces,constituted the upper basement of the Cathaysia Block that overlay the lower basement of the Mayuan Group.Detailed petrographic studies demonstrate that the amphibole schists of the Dongyan Formation in the Mamianshan Group were formed within an intra-arc rift setting rather than a continental rift as previously suggested.Rather,this island-arc type formation was developed by collision and/or subduction between various blocks resulting from the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia at c.850-750 Ma.The Zhuzhou conglomerate,distributed near Dikou Town,Jian'ou City,Fujian Province and previously considered as evidence of the Mesoproterozoic Dikou movement,is shown here not to be the basal conglomerate above the angular unconformity between the upper and lower basements.Our conclusions have important implications for understanding the Precambrian tectonics of South China.     

四川名山建山大邑砾岩沉积特征及地层时代

详细描述了四川名山建山大邑砾岩实测剖面,讨论了大邑砾岩的岩性组合特征及沉积环境。认为大邑砾岩主要为一套位于风化壳之上的河流-冲积扇沉积,自下而上由细变粗,属于物源区总体不断上升过程中的近源沉积。通过大邑砾岩中的孢粉组合,讨论了其地质时代。该剖面孢粉组合以水龙骨科孢子为主,年代地层归属于新近系上新统。     

胶东宋家沟金矿床的地质特征及矿床类型—胶东层控矿床的新发现

胶东地区有3种不同类型的金矿床，层控蚀变砾岩型金矿床是新发现的金矿类型，宋家沟金矿床是其代表。宋家沟金矿床赋存在胶莱盆地东北缘拆离断层带上盘的莱阳组砾岩中，为区内火山活动前期在大气水的参与下形成的蚀变砾岩型金矿床。初步的类比研究表明，宋家沟与金矿不同于传统意义上的砾岩型金矿，也不同于胶东地区的玲珑式和焦家式金矿床，具有明显的层控特征，与南非兰德金矿床具有一定的可比性，其找矿远景巨大。     

致密砂砾岩储层孔隙结构对比及差异机制研究

致密储层孔隙结构研究对于致密油气的勘探和开发具有重要意义，也是当前致密储层研究的热点。本文以准噶尔盆地三叠系百口泉组致密砾岩和鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组致密砂岩为研究对象，重点开展二维大面积背散射扫描电镜成像技术（Maps）、高压压汞、微米CT和聚焦离子束扫描电镜技术（FIB- SEM）等分析测试，采用定性和定量相结合的方法对致密砾岩和致密砂岩孔隙结构特征进行表征和对比，并进一步揭示了两者的成因机制差异。研究结果表明：百口泉组致密砾岩较延长组致密砂岩储层物性好，前者孔隙度和渗透率平均为9. 29%和1. 65×10-3 μm2，后者孔隙度和渗透率平均为8. 85%和0. 39×10-3 μm2；百口泉组致密砾岩较延长组致密砂岩孔喉尺寸偏大、孔隙连通性较差及孔隙结构更为复杂，前者孔喉半径主要分布在0~200 nm和2~10 μm范围内，平均连通率60. 63%，平均孔喉配位数3. 0446，后者孔喉半径主要分布于0~4 μm范围内，平均连通率73. 60%，平均孔喉配位数2. 7832；差异化沉积作用和成岩作用是导致百口泉组致密砾岩和延长组致密砂岩孔隙结构特征差异的根本原因。     

东营凹陷北带沙河街组沙砾岩体的成因类型及其储集性研究

在基岩块断运动条件下形成的东营箕状断陷盆地，在沙河街期于凹陷北带堆积了巨厚层的砂砾岩体。本文通过对砂砾岩体的沉积学及地球物理特征分析，确定了其成因类型──冲积扇、扇三角洲、近岸水下扇和陡坡深水浊积扇，并简述了其储集性能。     

关联分析方法在哈南地区砾岩储层油气评价的应用

本文在关联度定义的基础上,利用测井资料,依据测井地质评价方法和准则,提出了关联分析评价砾岩储层的方法、技术和软件。通过二连哈南油田夫特构造上10多口井的评价处理,论述了这一分析技术在砾岩储层上的评价方法、处理实例及应用效果。     

庐山运动

本文简述了庐山隆-滑构造的基本特征。在中元古代双桥山群底部的顺层韧变带中，把前人的断层构造砾或沉积成因的巨厚层状变质复成分砾岩，自上而下分离出三层砾：上部砾、中部砾、下部砾。其中上部砾为断层构造砾；中部砾不是砾，而是构造分泌物；下部砾为沉积底砾。在此基础上，同时参考研究区早元古代星子群与中元古代双桥山群构造、岩浆活动、变质作用等方面的差异，建立了“庐山运动”，其活动时间为2200～1800Ma，这可以与华北及华南其它地区同时期的构造运动相对比，但庐山运动的强度相对较弱，表现为以垂直隆升为特色的造陆运动，它曾使研究区早元古代晚期至少遭受过长达200Ma（1800～1600Ma）的风化、剥蚀作用。     

五台山区甘泉一带变质砾岩特征及地质意义

山西五台山区甘泉一带呈层状夹于五台岩群中的变质砾岩，曾作为五台岩群划分为中、下亚群的重要标志。该变质砾岩层布丁状，沿着五台岩群大型复式向斜核部呈“之”字形断续出露，区域上呈一强变形带。砾岩胶结物为强烈糜棱岩化、构造片岩化的中基性火山熔岩。砾石成分为强烈塑性变形的五台岩群不同层位的滚圆度好、分选性差的复杂成分陆源物及构造、热液成因的假砾石。研究确认，在这套变质砾岩层的两侧分别存在以五台岩群不同层位为底界、以该砾岩为底砾岩的甘泉不整合和宽滩不整合，变质砾岩层分别切割所谓五台岩群下亚群和中亚群的地层。因此，甘泉变质砾岩为叠置于五台岩群之上的地层单元，不能作为五台岩群中、下亚群的界限标志，甘泉变质砾岩应从五台岩群剔除，归属于滹沱群四集庄组。     

Coastal conglomerates around the Hadjer el Khamis inselbergs (western Chad,central Africa): new evidence for Lake Mega‐Chad episodes

This paper reports on a study dealing with the rhyolitic inselbergs of Hadjer el Khamis that formed palaeoislands during Lake Mega‐Chad events. Field observations have shown that: (1) conglomeratic patches of immature to mature clasts are preserved at the feet of the Hadjer el Khamis inselbergs; (2) in cross‐section, their pro?le reveals a well de?ned cliff–platform junction at a constant elevation (325 m). The monolithological clasts show all degrees of roundness, from angular cobbles to well rounded pebbles. This wide range of maturity suggests a coastal origin for these cobbles. The system was permanently fed with angular clasts, which were progressively worn by waves. Cobbles that were wave‐worked for the longest time are the best rounded. The cliff–platform junction is the result of erosion by waves, which attacked and undercut the inselberg cliffs during Lake Mega‐Chad events. Asymmetrical erosion pro?les moreover suggest a wind regime dominated by SW to NE oriented winds. These interpretations have two implications. The elevation of the cliff–platform junction is an indication of the highest water level of Lake Mega‐Chad at 320–325 m, which is in agreement with other observations elsewhere in the basin. The SW to NE oriented winds show that monsoon‐related winds were prevalent during Lake Mega‐Chad events, suggesting the Inter‐Tropical Convergence Zone was located higher in latitude than today. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.