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141.
The effects of uncertainty due to the variability of soil parameters on the risk of landsliding in the Himalayan region are investigated using a random field model combined with slope stability analyses. Effects of spatial variability both in horizontal and vertical directions, number of test samples, variations in piezometric level and the influence of earthquake on the reliability of a typical slope in a slide area are investigated. The results show that the reliability of slopes in the slide area is significantly affected by the coefficients of variation of soil parameters, spatial variations of soil parameters, number of test samples and piezometric variations. The results also show that the assumption of isotropic variations to assess slope reliability isconservative. The results of the study are useful in providing guidelines and pointing to remedial measures in the form of sub-surface drainage to improve slope reliability in the area. 相似文献
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Stability analysis of the Vallcebre translational slide,Eastern Pyrenees (Spain) by means of a GIS 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The stability of the landslide of Vallcebre has been evaluated by means of a GIS. The landslide mechanism is a translational failure which has been analysed as an infinite slope. Soil strength parameters and groundwater conditions are obtained from laboratory tests and monitoring devices. Geometric parameters necessary to compute the factor of safety at each individual cell are generated by interpolation from the boreholes present in the landslide. The results have been checked with the actual behaviour of the landslide and are consistent. The comparison between a conventional slope stability analysis and the GIS-based approach gives similar results, showing the feasibility of the latter. 相似文献
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Yehouda Enzel Revital Bookman David Sharon Haim Gvirtzman Uri Dayan Baruch Ziv Mordechai Stein 《Quaternary Research》2003,60(3):263-273
The Dead Sea is a terminal lake of one of the largest hydrological systems in the Levant and may thus be viewed as a large rain gauge for the region. Variations of its level are indicative of the climate variations in the region. Here, we present the decadal- to centennial-resolution Holocene lake-level curve of the Dead Sea. Then we determine the regional hydroclimatology that affected level variations. To achieve this goal we compare modern natural lake-level variations and instrumental rainfall records and quantify the hydrology relative to lake-level rise, fall, or stability. To quantify that relationship under natural conditions, rainfall data pre-dating the artificial Dead Sea level drop since the 1960s are used. In this respect, Jerusalem station offers the longest uninterrupted pre-1960s rainfall record and Jerusalem rains serve as an adequate proxy for the Dead Sea headwaters rainfall. Principal component analysis indicates that temporal variations of annual precipitation in all stations in Israel north of the current 200 mm yr−1 average isohyet during 1940–1990 are largely synchronous and in phase (70% of the total variance explained by PC1). This station also represents well northern Jordan and the area all the way to Beirut, Lebanon, especially during extreme drought and wet spells. We (a) determine the modern, and propose the past regional hydrology and Eastern Mediterranean (EM) climatology that affected the severity and length of droughts/wet spells associated with multiyear episodes of Dead Sea level falls/rises and (b) determine that EM cyclone tracks were different in average number and latitude in wet and dry years in Jerusalem. The mean composite sea level pressure and 500-mb height anomalies indicate that the potential causes for wet and dry episodes span the entire EM and are rooted in the larger-scale northern hemisphere atmospheric circulation. We also identified remarkably close association (within radiocarbon resolution) between climatic changes in the Levant, reflected by level changes, and culture shifts in this region. 相似文献
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简要介绍中国科学院大气物理研究所七十多年来在理论与计算地球流体力学方面的若干研究及其新的进展.在理论地球流体力学方面,介绍了长波动力学及线性稳定性问题、弱非线性理论及行星波动力学以及用Arnold方法(能量-Casimir方法)研究大气和海洋中各种流体运动的非线性稳定性问题的成果.此外,对扰动演变、扰动和基流相互作用及热带大气动力学中的第二类不稳定条件(CISK)也作了简要的介绍.在计算地球流体力学方面,主要内容包括:用物理观点和数学分析相结合的方法阐述了造成计算紊乱和计算不稳定的机理,论证计算稳定性、算 相似文献
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用Bigg型混合云室对2001年8月黄河上游青海省河南县的地面大气冰核浓度进行了观测,分析发现(1)青海省河南县冰核浓度低于北京20世纪90年代的测值,但高于大连、西安和兰州(20世纪60年代)等地的测值,同时也高于黄河上游的玛曲(2000年)、西宁(1989年)两地的测值,高温核尤其偏高.(2)降水时大气冰核浓度减少,降水的冲刷可能是其主要原因.(3)当地冰核浓度和气压成正相关.(4)大气冰核浓度受风向的影响,无风时测值较小,偏东风时测值较大,高温核浓度增加明显. 相似文献
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大气边界层气象学研究综述 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
文中回顾了大气边界层气象学的发展历史,总结了目前大气边界层气象学的主要进展,并指出国内外在未来大气边界层气象学研究方面面临的一些主要科学问题,以及对未来大气边界层气象学的发展方向提出若干建议,同时还指出了大气边界层气象学在思想上和方法上应该注意的一些相关问题。 相似文献