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81.
WANG Yanbin WANG Yong LIU Xun FU Derong XIAO Xuchang QI Longshui . Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing . Hebei College of Technology Tangshan 《Continental Dynamics》2001,(1)
1. Introduction The Tianshan Mountains is a typical intercontinental orogenic belt in the world. From late Carboniferous to Permian, the old Tianshan formed during the tectonic amalgamation of the Tarim block, Tianshan block and Siberia craton (Carroll et al, 1990). Mid-Cenozoic basalts are widely distributed in both the Tuyon basin of southwest Tianshan and its western part of Tianshan in Jierjisi in late Cretaceous-Paleogene period, which indicates the activation of the old Tianshan.… 相似文献
82.
峨眉山玄武岩与铅锌矿床成矿关系初探—以云南会泽铅锌矿床为例 总被引:31,自引:4,他引:31
本文以云南会泽铅锌矿为例,从成矿时代、成矿物来源、成矿流体来源和成矿热动力等方面初步讲座主峨眉山玄武岩与铅锌矿床成矿的关系。结果表明:矿床成矿时代可能与峨眉山玄武岩岩浆活动时代相近;峨眉山玄武岩在成矿过程中提供了部分成矿物质;伴随峨眉山玄武岩岩浆活动过程去气作用(包括地幔去气作用和岩浆去气作用)形成的流体参与了会泽铅锌矿成矿流体的形成;峨眉山玄武岩岩浆活动为成矿热动力的主要来源。 相似文献
83.
峨眉山玄武岩的岩相与岩体结构 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
峨眉山玄武岩是西南地区水电工程的主要建基岩体,其岩体结构明显受其建造的控制,不同地区,不同岩相的玄武岩,由于岩石组合及原生结构特征等的差异,而具有不同的岩体结构特征。本文结合拟建金沙江溪洛渡水电工程,雅砻江官地水电工程等实例,从岩相角度分析了玄武岩岩相及原生结构及原生结构对其岩体结构的控制作用。 相似文献
84.
Generation of Deccan Trap magmas 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gautam Sen 《Journal of Earth System Science》2001,110(4):409-431
Deccan Trap magmas may have erupted through multiple centers, the most prominent of which may have been a shield volcano-like
structure in the Western Ghats area. The lavas are predominantly tholeiitic; alkalic mafic lavas and carbonatites are rare.
Radioisotope dating, magnetic chronology, and age constraints from paleontology indicate that although the eruption started
some 68 Ma, the bulk of lavas erupted at around 65–66 Ma. Paleomagnetic constraints indicate an uncertainty of ± 500,000 years
for peak volcanic activity at 65 m.y. in the type section of the Western Ghats. Maximum magma residence times were calculated
in this study based on growth rates of “giant plagioclase” crystals in lavas that marked the end phase of volcanic activity
of different magma chambers. These calculations suggest that the > 1.7 km thick Western Ghats section might have erupted within
a much shorter time interval of ∼ 55,000 years, implying phenomenal eruption rates that are orders of magnitude larger than
any present-day eruption rate from any tectonic environment. Other significant observations/conclusions are as follows: (1)
Deccan lavas can be grouped into stratigraphic subdivisions based on their geochemistry; (2) While some formations are relatively
uncontaminated others are strongly contaminated by the continental crust; (3) Deccan magmas were produced by 15–30% melting
of a Fe-rich lherzolitic source at ∼ 3–2 GPa; (4) Parent magmas of the relatively uncontaminated Ambenali formation had a
primitive composition with 16%MgO, 47%SiO2; (5) Deccan magmas were generated much deeper and by significantly more melting than other continental flood basalt provinces;
(6) The erupted Deccan tholeiitic lavas underwent fractionation and magma mixing at ∼ 0.2 GPa. The composition and origin
of the crust and crust/mantle boundary beneath the Deccan are discussed with respect to the influence of Deccan magmatic episode. 相似文献
85.
86.
Permian radiolarians,chert and basalt from the Daxinshan Formation in Lancangjiang belt of southwestern Yunnan,China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Qinglai?FengEmail author Shangyue?Shen Benpei?Liu Dietrich?Helmcke Xianggui?Qian Weiming?Zhang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(1):63-71
The stratigraphical sequences composed of chert and basalt were found in the Daxinshan area of Simao and the Manbie area of
Jinghong, southwestern Yunnan. The Middle Permian to ealiest Late Permian radiolarians, such as Follicucullus and Pseudoalbaillella,
have been identified from the chert. The chert from the Manbie area of Jinghong is characterized by high SiO2content (over 92%), large ratios of MnO/TiO2 (2.15) and low ratios of Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) (≤0.1) and Ce/Ce*(0.4), which indicate that the chert was deposited in pelagic basin.
The chert from the Daxinshan area of Simao, however, is characterized by low SiO2 content, low ratios of MnO/TiO2 (0.27) and high ratios of Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) (0.49) and Ce/Ce*(0.88), which imply that the chert was deposited in continental
margin basin. The basalts from the both areas belong to tholeiite series, and the chemical compositions of their major, rare
earth and trace elements show the characteristics of MORB. These results evidence that there are volcanic rocks and chert
sequences representing pelagic basin and oceanic basin near continent. These sequences and the formerly reported island-arc
volcanic rock sequences imply that the Daxinshan Formation in the Lancangjiang belt represents a sedimentary assemblage formed
in active continental margin basin. 相似文献
87.
新疆北部的两类埃达克岩 总被引:27,自引:32,他引:27
新疆北部有两类埃达克岩,一是俯冲型,形成于早、中泥盆世-早石炭世晚期(≥320Ma),包括了埃达克岩、富Nb玄武岩、高(富)Mg安山岩。第二类埃达克岩是底侵型,形成于中晚二叠世(≤280Ma)。第一类埃达克岩分布于西天山的阿拉套山、博罗科努山,中天山的骆驼沟和巴仑台,东天山的土屋-延东,阿尔泰山陆缘南富蕴-青河南,准噶尔盆地中部陆梁,克拉玛依等地。在阿尔泰陆缘南,苦橄岩与埃达克岩、富Nb玄武岩和高(富)Mg安山岩密切组合。第二类埃达克岩分布于西天山的阿吾拉勒山和东天山的三岔口,未发现富Nb玄武岩和高(富)Mg安山岩组合。俯冲型埃达克岩、富Nb玄武岩和高(富)Mg安山岩的高Sr低Y、Yb、富Eu及高εNd(t)(+1.5~+10.0),低(^87Sr/^86Sr);(〈0.7070)的同位素组成,均一致表明其源区物质为洋壳板片,部分为地幔楔、弧前棱柱,产于岛弧环境;而底侵型埃达克岩源于底侵的幔源玄武质物质,形成于后造山环境。两类埃达克岩及其组合岩石的地质及地球化学特点,展示了中亚型造山在本区晚古生代陆壳增生作用的多样性:在增生构造过程上,有洋壳板片的斜俯冲、俯冲板片的撕裂、板片窗、俯冲剥蚀及玄武质物质的底侵作用等;在增生方向上,有洋壳板片的侧向斜俯冲,也有玄武质物质垂向上底侵于壳-幔边界;在增生物质上,有洋壳板片、地幔楔、受地幔楔混染的洋壳板片熔体,弧前棱柱、地幔楔受板片熔体交代后形成熔体及底侵的幔源玄武质物质。与两类埃达克岩有关,尤其是第一类埃达克岩及其组合岩石,在本区广泛发育了Cu、Au成矿作用,其中部分达到大型-超大型规模。因此.对埃达克岩及其组合岩石的识别及相关Cu、Au成矿作用的找矿勘探应予以足够重视。 相似文献
88.
内蒙古温都尔庙和巴彦敖包-交其尔蛇绿岩的元素与同位素地球化学:对古亚洲洋东部地幔域特征的限制 总被引:2,自引:5,他引:2
内蒙古中部发育的三条蛇绿岩带是华北板块和西伯利亚板块之间的缝合带。本文系统研究了其中的温都尔庙和巴彦敖包-交其尔两个蛇绿岩带中变质玄武岩的元素和 Sr、Nd、Pb 同位素地球化学。苏右旗温都尔庙碱性玄武岩为轻稀土富集型;岩石具有板内和大陆裂谷区玄武岩的特征,可能代表了600Ma 左右,温都尔庙地区开始发育的新洋盆。采自苏左旗的巴彦敖包-交其尔玄武岩分为两类,一类呈现轻稀土富集型,呈洋岛玄武岩特征;另一类具有明显的 Nb、Ta 负异常,显示大洋岛弧玄武岩特征,洋岛玄武岩的存在表明古亚洲洋曾经发育洋盆,大洋岛弧玄武岩的存在表明古亚洲洋内部有大洋岩石圈之间的俯冲。将本文的古亚洲洋洋岛玄武岩与中国西南地区的特提斯洋岛玄武岩进行系统的元素和同位素地球化学特征对比表明,古亚洲洋的洋岛玄武岩显示高 U/Pb(HU)和北大西洋和太平洋省的特征,而特提斯洋岛玄武岩属于印度洋省。这些说明古亚洲洋地幔域与特提斯地幔域是两个独立的构造域,它们代表了长期演化的两个不同的地幔地球化学域。 相似文献
89.
90.
Large phreatomagmatic vent complex at Coombs Hills, Antarctica: Wet, explosive initiation of flood basalt volcanism in the Ferrar-Karoo LIP 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
The Mawson Formation and correlatives in the Transantarctic Mountains and South Africa record an early eruption episode related
to the onset of Ferrar-Karoo flood basalt volcanism. Mawson Formation rocks at Coombs Hills comprise mainly (≥80% vol) structureless
tuff breccia and coarse lapilli tuff cut by irregular dikes and sills, within a large vent complex (>30 km2). Quenched juvenile fragments of generally low but variable vesicularity, accretionary lapilli and country rock clasts within
vent-fill, and pyroclastic density current deposits point to explosive interaction of basalt with groundwater in porous country
rock and wet vent filling debris. Metre-scale dikes and pods of coherent basalt in places merge imperceptibly into peperite
and then into surrounding breccia. Steeply dipping to sub-vertical depositional contacts juxtapose volcaniclastic rocks of
contrasting componentry and grainsize. These sub-vertical tuff breccia zones are inferred to have formed when jets of debris
+ steam + water passed through unconsolidated vent-filling deposits. These jets of debris may have sometimes breached the
surface to form subaerial tephra jets which fed subaerial pyroclastic density currents and fall deposits. Others, however,
probably died out within vent fill before reaching the surface, allowing mixing and recycling of clasts which never reached
the atmosphere. Most of the ejecta that did escape the debris-filled vents was rapidly recycled as vents broadened via lateral
quarrying of country rock and bedded pyroclastic vent-rim deposits, which collapsed along the margins into individual vents.
The unstratified, poorly sorted deposits comprising most of the complex are capped by tuff, lapilli tuff and tuff breccia
beds inferred to have been deposited on the floor of the vent complex by pyroclastic density currents. Development of the
extensive Coombs Hills vent-complex involved interaction of large volumes of magma and water. We infer that recycling of water,
as well as recycling of pyroclasts, was important in maintaining water supply for phreatomagmatic interactions even when aquifer
rock in the vent walls lay far from eruption sites as a consequence of vent-complex widening. The proportion of recycled water
increased with vent-complex size in the same way that the proportion of recycled tephra did. Though water recycling leaves
no direct rock record, the volcaniclastic deposits within the vent complex show through their lithofacies/structural architecture,
lithofacies characteristics, and particle properties clear evidence for extensive and varied recycling of material as the
complex evolved.
Editorial responsibility: J. Donnelly-Nolan 相似文献