GEM模型、RF模型和M5T模型的无人机DEM测点插值算法比较

无人机技术作为现如今测量的先进技术,已被逐渐广泛应用,由于DEM数据在实测过程中只能形成点数据,因此对点数据的插值计算一直是测绘专业研究的热点。为找出适用于无人机DEM测点插值计算的最优模型,本文基于GEM模型、RF模型和M5T模型,以降雨、经纬度和海拔为输入参数,对不同模型下的DEM进行了插值计算,结果表明:GEM模型表现的精度最高,该模型RMSE仅为11.72 m,RRMSE为12.7%,R2为0.964,Ens为0.946,MAE为11.28 m,该模型可作为无人机DEM测点插值计算的标准模型使用。     

Cycling amongst Māori: Patterns,influences and opportunities

This paper outlines the results of mixed-methods research on Māori and cycling. Our findings suggest that Māori cycle at similar rates to Pākehā (NZ European); however conditions may differ, possibly indicating higher levels of “necessity cycling” amongst Māori. Māori experience similar barriers to cycling, including a lack of suitable cycling infrastructure, but these occur against a backdrop of stark social, economic and transport-related inequities. Particular barriers for Māori may include inflexible work conditions, concerns about neighbourhood safety, inadequate provision for social cycling, and lack of access to places of importance to Māori. We identify potential solutions, including more whānau-friendly and culturally safe cycling infrastructure, and cycling programmes designed around Māori commitments to whanaungatanga and kaitiakitanga.     

新疆精河6.6级地震前精河水平摆异常特征分析

以精河水平摆观测数据为研究对象,通过定量剔除温度对观测数据的影响,提取观测数据的异常特征。然后结合2017-08-09新疆精河6.6级地震的发震构造、震源机制、台站位置等,对精河水平摆的震前异常进行深入探讨。NS分量自2016-06起持续N倾,EW分量自2016-09起快速E倾,2016-12-17其E倾速率再次加快,幅度达0.48″的两项异常为精河6.6级地震前应力积累所致。     

Fine structure of the magnetic field in M31

Abstract

The detailed magnetic field structure of M31, as deduced from radio polarization measurements, is analyzed. The field closely follows a dust lane parallel to the most conspicuous optical spiral arm, but also exhibits three-dimensional arc-like deviations from the otherwise axisymmetric configuration.     

BDS空间信号连续性的初步评估

针对BDS空间信号的连续性评估问题,分析GPS和Galileo系统的连续性评估情况,并给出BDS空间信号连续性评估的模型和统计步骤。算例采用2013年1月1日至2013年3月24日的数据,评估结果发现:不考虑中断类型,连续性的均值为0.996 235,考虑计划中断的前提下,连续性的均值为0.998 064;GEO星的平均连续性都是最好,MEO卫星的平均连续性都是最差,IGSO卫星居中,对比BDS的公开服务性能规范中的指标,发现三类卫星的平均值都满足指标的要求。     

基于ADS80航空影像的像控点布设方案研究

以数码推扫式航空影像为基础,选用具体的试验区,采用空三精度验证的方式,对ADS80影像覆盖区域不同的控制点布设方案产生的空三结果进行对比分析.在分析试验结果的基础上,提出了在保证成图精度的情况下,以减少外业工作量为目的的最佳像控点布设方案.     

新疆和静5.6级地震前波速比异常震例分析

利用新疆天山中段数字化地震波资料,采用多台和达法,计算了2008年8月30日和静5.6级地震前后波速比资料的变化情况.得到如下结果:①空间分布上,和静5.6级地震前,形成一个椭圆形低值异常区,且椭圆长半轴约70km,短半轴约65km,椭圆走向NE,和静5.6级地震则发生在该椭圆区域的西偏北部边缘;②时间进程上,和静5.6级地震前出现大约10个月的波速比低值异常,震前一个月出现明显的高值突跳点,波速比形成正常-降低-高值突跳-发震的模式.计算过程中,波速比误差控制在0.05之内,相关系数达99.O％以上.     

汶川8．0级特大地震前地震活动的显著特征

2008年5月12日四川省汶川县发生了MS8．0特大地震（本文震级均为MS）,该地震是中国大陆内部活动地块边界带的特大地震,它发生在青藏、华南一级活动地块区边界交汇部位的龙门山断裂带。本文结合活动地块划分结果阐述了汶川8．0级特大地震前7级强震格局,探讨了该特大地震前可能的动力学变化过程;以中国大陆地区为研究对象,分析...     

玉树7.1级地震前大形势跟踪预测回顾

简要回顾了2010年4月14日川、青、藏交界青海玉树7·1级地震前的地震大形势研究和跟踪分析情况。结果表明,尽管玉树7·1级地震和汶川地震一样都没有做出短临预测,但之前对地震大形势跟踪分析中有一定程度的较符合实际情况的认识。     

Predicting wave run-up on rubble-mound structures using M5 model tree

Prediction of run-up level is a key task in design of the coastal structures. For the design of the crest level of coastal structures, the wave run-up level with a 2% exceedance probability, R_u2%, is most commonly used. In this study, the performance of M5 model tree for prediction of the wave run-up on rubble-mound structures was investigated. The main advantage of model trees, unlike the other soft computing tools, is their easier use and more importantly their understandable mathematical rules. Experimental data set of Van der Meer and Stam was used for developing model trees. The conventional governing parameters were selected as the input variables and the obtained results were compared with Van der Meer and Stam’s formula, recommended by the Coastal Engineering Manual (CEM, 2006). The predictive accuracy of the model tree approach was found to be superior to that of Van der Meer and Stam’s empirical formula. Furthermore, to judge the generalization capability of the model tree method, the model developed based on laboratory data set was validated with the prototype run-up measurements on the Zeebrugge breakwater, Belgium. Results show that the model tree is more accurate than empirical formulas and TS Fuzzy approach in estimating the full-scale run-up.