黑龙江省中部森林沼泽区 超低密度深穿透地球化学调查采样介质的确定

通过对王水溶矿法与四酸溶矿法的对比,元素在泛滥平原A层、B层沉积物及水系沉积物中的分配,以及这3种介质圈定的异常对比等综合因素的研究,确定了泛滥平原A层沉积物是黑龙江省中部森林沼泽区开展超低密度深穿透地球化学调查的有效采样介质。     

西部煤炭采区三维地震勘探技术与效果

阐述了西部地区煤炭三维地震勘探地质和地球物理特征,对三维地震勘探的观测系统设计、地震波的激发与接收条件选择、施工技术措施等进行了讨论,通过几个地区的地震勘探数据采集实践,说明在西部地区复杂的地形地质和地震地质条件下,煤炭三维地震勘探同样可取得较好的地质效果.     

FLAC3D模拟全长注浆锚杆的作用效果

介绍了FLAC3D的基本原理及其求解过程。通过对某边坡进行数值模拟,对比分析了此边坡在锚杆支护前后水平位移等值线图、竖直位移等值线图及安全系数的变化,说明了FLAC3D模拟边坡开挖以及支护的简便性和锚杆对边坡稳定性的作用效果。     

地层模型的三维实体显示与剖切

本文介绍了地层模型的三维实体显示的原理与方法，同时又提出了沿任意方向垂直剖切地层模型的一种实用有效算法，它已用于交互式三维地层矿床显示系统ＧＤ－３ＤＷＳ，是三维地质解释的很好工具     

中国数字地质调查系统的基本构架 及其核心技术的实现

数字地质调查系统是贯穿整个地质矿产资源调查全过程的软件,涵盖地质矿产调查、矿产资源勘查、矿体模拟、品住估计、资源量估算、矿山开采系统优化等内容。考虑数字地质调查系统的应用技术层面,从数据“层”模型、数据流“池”技术、不同阶段数据模型继承技术、数据互操作技术等几个方面讨论了核心技术及其实现,通过基于无缝一体化技术的数据采集、管理、综合处理与成果表达,在实体或矿块的矿床建模技术与品住估计、储量估算等方面展现了全地质调查过程的数字化,不但为地质人员应用高新技术降低了门坎,而且极大地提高了研究精度和效率,丰富了成果的表现形式和服务形式。随着数字地质调查系统的完善和应用水平的提高,数字地质调查系统将成为中国地质调查的主流软件体系。     

Influence of Structural Non-Stationarity of Surface Roughness on Morphological Characterization and Mechanical Deformation of Rock Joints

Summary Structural non-stationarity of surface roughness affects accurate morphological characterization as well as mechanical behaviour of rock joints at the laboratory scale using samples with a size below the stationarity threshold. In this paper, the effect of structural non-stationarity of surface roughness is investigated by studying the scale dependence of surface roughness and mechanical behaviour of rock joints. The results show that the structural non-stationarity mainly affects the accurate characterization of the surface roughness of the fracture samples. It also controls the amount and location of the contact areas during shear tests, which in turn affects the mechanical properties and asperity degradation of the samples. It is concluded that for accurate determination of the morphological and mechanical properties of rock joints at laboratory and field scales, samples with size equal to or larger than the stationarity threshold are required. Author’s address: Nader Fardin, Rock Mechanics Group, Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11365/4563, Tehran, Iran     

Development of a 3D GIS and its application to karst areas

There is a growing interest in modeling and analyzing karst phenomena in three dimensions. This paper integrates geology, groundwater hydrology, geographic information system (GIS), database management system (DBMS), visualization and data mining to study karst features in Huaibei, China. The 3D geo-objects retrieved from the karst area are analyzed and mapped into different abstract levels. The spatial relationships among the objects are constructed by a dual-linker. The shapes of the 3D objects and the topological models with attributes are stored and maintained in the DBMS. Spatial analysis was then used to integrate the data in the DBMS and the 3D model to form a virtual reality (VR) to provide analytical functions such as distribution analysis, correlation query, and probability assessment. The research successfully implements 3D modeling and analyses in the karst area, and meanwhile provides an efficient tool for government policy-makers to set out restrictions on water resource development in the area.     

层状矿体等高线离散化后的四面体建模

基于不规则四面体的三维实体建模方法具有很多优点,但在层状矿体的建模中,该方法却不能准确地描述其层状界面。根据层状矿体建模数据的特点,先将层状矿体的等高线进行等距离散化,再建立不规则四面体三维实体模型,并为该方法设计由点、面和四面体组成的逻辑模型结构。该方法用VC++.net编程得以实现,并使用内蒙某煤矿的实际数据,建立了相应的矿床三维实体模型。实践表明,通过离散化等高线后建立的层状矿体四面体模型,能够准确反映出层状矿体的层状界面,实现对层状矿体的三维实体建模。     

三维地震勘探技术在新疆沙吉海井田中的应用

针对沙吉海井田以往未开展过地震勘探,煤层多、局部间距小特点,介绍了研究区主要地震反射波与煤层对应关系.通过对T13、T12、T10、T6反射波研究,采用地震波阻抗反演技术对该区煤层厚度及煤层结构进行解释,查明井田构造形态和主要煤层赋存变化特征,取得了较好地震勘探效果.     

重磁三维自动反演软件系统的分析与设计

由于三维反演计算非常耗时,导致目前的重磁三维自动反演系统的工作方式效率低。为了改善工作效率和提高反演结果的质量,提出实时可视化自动反演方式,设计并开发了一个重磁三维实时可视化反演系统。该系统在三维反演计算的过程中,将中间反演结果同时进行成图可视化,使得工作人员能及时分析和评价中间反演结果并能修改参数,以此来介入和引导复杂的反演过程,快速有效地得到比较理想的反演结果。该系统具有实时性、交互性和引导性特点。对该系统进行了分析和设计,并给出了其中的关键技术与设计方案。