顾及边界入射信号的多模水汽层析方法

利用GNSS三维水汽层析技术全天候地获取高时空采样率的水汽垂直分布信息,已成为GNSS气象学中一大研究热点。当前,基于单一导航系统的传统层析方法存在观测数据利用率低、观测分布不均等不足。本文设计和实现了一种顾及边界入射信号的多模水汽层析方法,采用香港CORS网观测数据和无线电探空产品进行精度验证,并详细分析边界入射信号和多模层顶信号的引入对层析水汽结果的改善程度。结果表明:相较于传统GPS层析方法,本文采用的融合两类多模层顶信号和边界入射信号的新水汽层析方法,兼备边界入射信号和多模层顶信号的优点,可得到更高精度和更可靠的三维水汽信息。     

The carbon isotope composition of C<Superscript>3</Superscript> herbaceous plants in loess area of northern China

¹³C of 367 C₃ herbaceous plants was measured in loess area in northern China. Their δ¹³C values vary between −21.7%. and −30.0%., with a mean of −26.7%.. In the center of Loess Plateau (semimoist area) with annual precipitation of 400–600 mm, the δ¹³ C values of C₃ herbaceous plants range from −24.4%. to −28.5%., with a mean of −27.5%.. In the west of Loess Plateau (semiarid and arid area) with annual precipitation less than 400 mm, they range between −21.7%. and −30.0%., with a mean of −26.2%.. Annual precipitation is the main factor that makes δ¹³C values of C₃ herbaceous plants in the west greater than those in the central Loess Plateau. The composition of δ¹³C in C₃ plants increases with deceasing annual precipitation, and the mean change is −49%./100 mm.     

陇西民和黄土CaCO3和有机碳总量的含量变化及其气候指标的局限性

民和黄土地处黄土高原与青藏高原东北缘的交接部位,对气候反应较敏感,对该黄土1.87-0.70Ma BP段进行了CaCO3和有机碳总量（TOC）的采样分析。民和黄土CoCO3含量在5.89%-18.63%之间变化,平均11.41%;有机碳含量较低,在0.007%-0.452%之间,平均0.088%。民和黄土中的CaCO3含量明显高于兰州、洛川和西安等地,而有机碳含量则远低于上述地区。黄土中CaCO3和有机碳含量变化反映了该区1.87Ma BP以来气候变干冷的趋向。分别受复杂的CaCO3来源与类型、困难的采样、地区上的差异对比等和有机碳保存条件、沉积速率以及“埋藏效应”的影响,黄土中的CaCO3和有机碳的波动变化作为气候变化的替代性指标存在一定的局限性。文章最后指出,在实际应用中,黄土（特别是黄土高原西北部）中CaCO3和有机碳气候指标应结合其他环境指标共同使用,才能从中提取正确的古气候信息。     

水平荷载作用下群桩相互作用的弹塑性数值分析

本文利用三维弹塑性有限元法对水平荷载作用下群桩基础特性进行了分析,讨论了群桩基础水平荷载作用下的承载性状和破坏机理,并探讨了桩距、桩数、桩长、桩径和土质各种因素对群桩效应的影响,指出桩距和桩数是影响群桩效应的主要因素。     

长江三峡库区(奉节-巴东段)移民工程遥感动态监测

在长江三峡库区移民工程中 ,我们采用 ETM+、SPOT、IKONOS等多源、多时相、多分辨率航天、航空遥感数据组合 ,监测移民工程的动态变化 ,通过对库区奉节 -巴东段移民搬迁建与安置、新开发用地分布、土地利用与土地结构变化、地质灾害及衍生地质灾害与防治、库区环境及生态平衡与改善经济结构以及移民工程遥感动态监测等 ,取得突破性进展 ,获取了一批重要成果。为三峡移民工程进一步全面、安全地实施、改进规划管理工作及库区经济可持续发展 ,提供了科学依据和决策性建议。     

Ice flow direction during late Paleozoic glaciation in western Paraná Basin, Brazil

The recent discovery of ice-striated surfaces associated with the late Paleozoic Aquidauana Formation suggests that glaciers coming from southwest Africa reached westernmost parts of the Paraná Basin in central Brazil. Abrasion features were developed by glaciers moving from SSE towards NNW, mainly on an unconsolidated bed. These records expand to about 1,050,000 km², the coverage of the late Paleozoic glaciation in the region of the Paraná Basin in Western Gondwana.3 class="h3">Resumen3>A recente descoberta de superfícies estriadas associadas à Formaç3;o Aquidauana, de idade permocarbonífera, sugere que as geleiras provenientes do sudoeste da África alcançaram as porções ocidentais da Bacia do Paraná, na regi3;o central do Brasil. As feições de abras3;o foram geradas pelo deslocamento de geleiras de SSE para NNW, principalmente sobre substrato inconsolidado. Estes novos registros evidenciam que a glaciaç3;o neopaleoz3;ica cobriu uma área de pelo menos de 1.050.000 km² na regi3;o ocupada pela Bacia do Paraná no Gondwana Ocidental.     

阜康典型荒漠C3植物稳定碳同位素值的环境分析

通过对阜康典型荒漠C3植物稳定碳同位素值的分析。叶片炭同位素值在-23‰和-29‰之间变化,其中主要在-27‰附近波动。这与前人报道的世界上其他地区荒漠植物碳同位素值的变化非常一致。降水可以改变叶片碳同位素值的大小,降水越多,叶片碳同位素值越负,它们的变化幅度有物种的依赖性。叶片碳同位素值也受植物生长形式或期望寿命的影响,木本植物或寿命长的植物叶片碳同位素值要高。分析表明,利用该区土壤或陆相沉积中有机质碳同位素值可以判断气候的干湿变化：土壤或陆相沉积中有机质碳同位素值越高,气候则越干燥。     

The Non-Linear Stability of L4 in the Restricted Three-Body Problem when the Bigger Primary is a Triaxial Rigid Body

The non-linear stability of L ₄ in the restricted three-body problem has been studied when the bigger primary is a triaxial rigid body with its equatorial plane coincident with the plane of motion. It is found that L ₄ is stable in the range of linear stability except for three mass ratios:

急性颈椎损伤的CT诊断

本文目的是分析急性颈椎损伤（ＡＣＴ）的ＣＴ征象,评价ＣＴ在ＡＣＴ诊断中的价值及限度。方法：７８例颈椎外伤患者行平片、薄层ＣＴ检查及三维重建,并做对照分析。结果经影像学诊断６０例ＡＣＴ,ＣＴ诊断５９例,１例ＣＴ阴性而由平片确诊 １例。平片与ＣＴ的骨折检出率分别为 ５３． ３％和 ９８．３％。结论：ＣＴ比Ｘ线平片可发现更多的骨折,并能明确骨折块与椎管的关系。这对临床处理严重颈椎损伤起到指导作用。     

OpenGL在三维地质模型可视化中的应用

本文介绍了作者在将ＯｐｅｎＧＬ应用于三维地质模型可视化中的经验与体会。首先介绍了用ＯｐｅｎＧＬ显示三维地质模型的几个技术关键。包括模型绘制、投影变换、取景、ＴＩＮ表面显示、旋转、颜色与材料等。然后介绍了笔者基于ＯｐｅｎＧＬ的剪变换和缓冲区累加功能提出了的”切片合成法”的原理、用途、应用注意事项和应用于煤田地质勘探中煤层底版等高线图制做的实例。