2000国家大地坐标系下三角网平差技术研究

原国家大地控制网成果是参心坐标系（1980西安坐标系）成果,而2000国家大地坐标系是地心坐标系,参心坐标系下成果需通过各种改正与网平差,才能得到2000国家大地坐标系成果。叙述了2000国家大地坐标系下三角网平差的技术方法、空间网数据处理和地面网数据归算,介绍了平差模型和精度估计的方法,利用实例进行了平差计算,对结果进行了对比分析,并利用实测数据对平差结果进行了验证,取得了良好的效果,为2000国家大地坐标系统的推广应用提供了良好基础。     

基于CGCS2000地心独立坐标系基准确定方法探讨

国家坐标系的独立坐标系建立后,原国家坐标系的控制点不能直接应用于独立坐标系中,需要确定并计算得出独立坐标系的基准。独立坐标系的基准确定直接关系到独立坐标系的精度及其与国家坐标系间的转换。随着测绘技术的发展,一些原有的传统基准确定方法已不能满足高精度地心坐标系的要求,因此本文对地心坐标系的独立坐标系的基准确定方法进行了探讨。     

求取小区域GPS网CGCS2000坐标的方法研究

本文通过联测IGS跟踪站获取南宁地区若干控制点的ITRF框架瞬时历元坐标,并根据IGS跟踪站速度内插出南宁地区地壳板块运动速度,从而将控制点ITRF坐标进行历元转换与框架转换;同时根据南宁某CORS站观测值所求板块运动速度,对相关结论进行验算。结果表明:基于准确的板块运动速度场,采用历元与框架转换方式求取CGCS2000坐标能够满足小区域GPS控制测量的精度要求。     

我国天文大地网与GPS2000网联合平差单区平差处理方法研究

我国天文大地网与GPS2000网联合平差是一项大规模的测量数据处理工程,解算的未知数众多,为了便于检查原始观测数据粗差以及验证地面网与空间网的权匹配关系,需要进行单区平差数据处理研究和计算。本文主要讨论单区平差数据处理中的主要模型、大规模稀疏矩阵有效的解算方法并用软件加以实现,用此软件对5000点的实验区数据进行平差计算,得到了有益的结论。     

Classification of vegetation in an open landscape using full-waveform airborne laser scanner data

Airborne laser scanning (ALS) is increasingly being used for the mapping of vegetation, although the focus so far has been on woody vegetation, and ALS data have only rarely been used for the classification of grassland vegetation. In this study, we classified the vegetation of an open alkali landscape, characterized by two Natura 2000 habitat types: Pannonic salt steppes and salt marshes and Pannonic loess steppic grasslands. We generated 18 variables from an ALS dataset collected in the growing (leaf-on) season. Elevation is a key factor determining the patterns of vegetation types in the landscape, and hence 3 additional variables were based on a digital terrain model (DTM) generated from an ALS dataset collected in the dormant (leaf-off) season. We classified the vegetation into 24 classes based on these 21 variables, at a pixel size of 1 m. Two groups of variables with and without the DTM-based variables were used in a Random Forest classifier, to estimate the influence of elevation, on the accuracy of the classification. The resulting classes at Level 4, based on associations, were aggregated at three levels — Level 3 (11 classes), Level 2 (8 classes) and Level 1 (5 classes) — based on species pool, site conditions and structure, and the accuracies were assessed. The classes were also aggregated based on Natura 2000 habitat types to assess the accuracy of the classification, and its usefulness for the monitoring of habitat quality. The vegetation could be classified into dry grasslands, wetlands, weeds, woody species and man-made features, at Level 1, with an accuracy of 0.79 (Cohen’s kappa coefficient, κ). The accuracies at Levels 2–4 and the classification based on the Natura 2000 habitat types were κ: 0.76, 0.61, 0.51 and 0.69, respectively. Levels 1 and 2 provide suitable information for nature conservationists and land managers, while Levels 3 and 4 are especially useful for ecologists, geologists and soil scientists as they provide high resolution data on species distribution, vegetation patterns, soil properties and on their correlations. Including the DTM-based variables increased the accuracy (κ) from 0.73 to 0.79 for Level 1. These findings show that the structural and spectral attributes of ALS echoes can be used for the classification of open landscapes, especially those where vegetation is influenced by elevation, such as coastal salt marshes, sand dunes, karst or alluvial areas; in these cases, ALS has a distinct advantage over other remotely sensed data.     

平面控制网的整合与2000国家大地坐标系的转换

2000国家大地坐标系(CGCS 2000)的启用,对原有的测绘成果将产生直接影响。为确保常用测量坐标系与CGCS 2000的衔接和转换,需要有效地整合原有的测绘基础数据,探究地方测量坐标系与CGCS 2000之间的转换方法,确定地方坐标系与CGCS 2000之间的联系。本文分析了石家庄市原有的基础测绘数据分析,提出了平面控制网整合方案和坐标整体转换方法。     

湖南省CGCS2000国家大地坐标系统转换方法

基于湖南省大地控制点布设现状、各等级控制点成果以及信息扩散估计理论,分析现有CGCS2000坐标成果和北京54、西安80两类坐标系建模共点的数据质量,为后续模型优选和模型质量保障奠定基础.在此基础上,研究各类大地坐标系统转换算法,实例计算各类算法的坐标转换结果,进行精度比较与分析,提出适宜于湖南省CGCS2000坐标系...     

从地方坐标系到2000国家大地坐标系的转换方法

探讨了我国原有地方坐标系与CGCS2000坐标系的定义差别,在我国相关学者研究成果的基础上,设计一种基于布尔莎七参数转换模型的坐标系统转换方法,可以实现除高等级大地控制点之外的各种地理信息数据从原有地方坐标到CGCS2000坐标的快速转换。     

GNSS控制网坐标移动转换的三次曲面拟合法

针对2000国家大地坐标到海南独立坐标系需要保密参数的局限性,该文利用三次曲面拟合坐标移动转换法进行2000国家大地坐标系到海南独立坐标转换,解决了在没有海南独立坐标系参数的情况下无法进行坐标转换的困扰,确保参数保密性。测试比较结果表明,三次曲面拟合法移动坐标转换法能够提高坐标转换精度。     

GTC2000软件的二次开发与应用

文章指出了GTC2000在内业编图、作图及一些主要功能不适用等几个方面的不足,并分别针对各项提出了改正的方法.