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111.
在构造学和地震力学方面,两个重要而又未解决的问题是孕震断层的强度和一次地震的地震矩随破裂面积或破裂长度的变化关系。本文将说明,通常分别处理的这两个问题从根基本上是相关的。按已有的报道,走滑和倾滑地震的地震矩与破裂面积和地震矩与破裂长度关系的数据是离散的,但本文论证了数据实际并不离散,只不过是反映了失稳破坏的断层的强度差异。本文推导出了表达大、小地震之间连续标度的关系式,并证明,断层带的孔隙压力是将走滑型和倾滑型地震联合起来归结为一种作用机制的标度参数。还论证了对于大地震,在大约15km之上断层带孔隙压力在静水压力与接近静岩压力之间连续变化,在此深度之下,有明确的向接近静岩孔隙压力过渡的证据。这些结果对板块构造学、震源物理学,以及从力学上作地震灾害评估均具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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本文以杭州湾大桥工程为重点试图对杭州湾地区浅层天然气在杭州湾地区的形成、分布特征作一概括,分析了浅层气喷发对土层及工程基础产生负摩阻力、沉降等危害,从浅层气的成因机制上找出工程施工中解决浅层天然气的对策(控制性释放)。 相似文献
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ZHANGJin MAZongjin RENWenjun LEIYongliang 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2003,27(1):165-178
There are many thrust-related structures occurring in the Paleozoic strata of the Niushou Mountain in the central part of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The fault-related folds are the typical structures in this area. Based on the analysis about these structures and their relationships, the processes by which these structures of the Miboshan Formation were formed are reconstructed, and the strata underwent about three stages of deformation: (1) horizontal shortening, (2) folding, and (3) thrusting. And the fact that the Niushou Mountain is the leading edge of an old thrust sheet was proved, the Niushou Mountain, the Daluo Mountain and the Xiaoluo Mountain together constitute the front part of this old thrust zone, so the Niushou Mountain and the Ordovician strata in the central and southern parts of Ningxia now are likely allochthons. In the period from middle Ordovician to Devonian, the areas of the central and southern Ningxia belonged to the back-arc foreland basin of North Qilianshan orogen, which was adjacent to the continent in the north. In the later part of the early Paleozoic period, the Niushou Mountain was formed after the closure of the back-arc foreland basin. 相似文献
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ZHUWenbin MARuishi GUOLingzhi SUNYan XUMingjie HUDezhao 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2003,27(1):179-190
The central structure belt in Turpan-Hami basin is composed of the Huoyanshan structure and Qiketai structure formed in late Triassic-early Jurassic, and is characterized by extensional tectonics. The thickness of strata in the hanging wall of the growth fault is obviously larger than that in the footwall, and a deposition center was evolved in the Taibei sag where the hanging wall of the fault is located. In late Jurassic the collision between Lhasa block and Eurasia continent resulted in the transformation of the Turpan-Hami basin from an extensional structure into a compressional structure, and consequently in the tectonic inversion of the central structure belt of the Turpan-Hami basin from the extensional normal fault in the earlier stage to the compressive thrust fault in the later stage. The Tertiary collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate occurred around 55Ma, and this Himalayan orogenic event has played a profound role in shaping the Tianshan area, only the effect of the collision to this area was delayed since it culminated here approximately in late Oligocene-early Miocene. The central structure belt was strongly deformed and thrusted above the ground as a result of this tectonic event. 相似文献
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LIUZhifei WANGChengshan AlainTRENTESAUX ZHAOXixi YIHaisheng HUXiumian JINWei 《《地质学报》英文版》2003,77(4):504-513
Sedimentological, cyclic-stratigraphic, paleomagnetic, and clay-mineralogical studies on the early Oligocene Yaxicuo Group in the Hoh Xil Basin, the largest Cenozoic sedimentary basin in the hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau, provide abundant information of paleoclimate changes. A 350-m thick section in the middle-lower Yaxicuo Group was analyzed to reveal the climatic history that occurred in the Hoh Xil region during the early Oligocene interval 31.30-30.35 Ma, dated with the paleomagnetic chronostratigraphy. The results indicate that add and cold climate dominated the Hoh Xil region during the early Oligocene in general, being related to the global cooling and drying events that occurred in the earliest Oligocene. Within this period, relatively warm and wet climate accompanied by strong tectonic activity occurred in the 31.05-30.75 Ma interval; while add and cold climate and relatively inactive tectonics occurred in the 31.30-31.05 and 30.75-30.35 Ma intervals. Furthermore, spectral analyses of high-temporal resolution paleoclimatic records show orbital periods including eccentricity, obliquity, and precession. It is concluded that paleoclimate changes during the early Oligocene in the Hoh Xil region were forced by both tectonic activity and orbital periods. 相似文献
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