库页岛厚蛤蜊的人工繁殖和胚胎发育

通过亲贝促熟、人工催产、幼体培育和采苗等技术环节,初步建立了库页岛厚蛤蜊（Pseudocardium sachalinense）的人工繁育技术。对库页岛厚蛤蜊胚胎发育过程的观察表明,在水温22～24℃,盐度28～30条件下,受精卵经约50min开始卵裂;约20h发育至D形幼体;经约11d的人工培育,幼体出现足和水管原基...     

污损生物附着机理及酶在生物防污中的应用

生物污损（biofouling）是指生物在材料表面附着生长并造成危害的现象,根据附着生物类型可将生物污损分为微生物污损（microfouling）和大型生物污损（macrofouling）。微生物污损主要指细菌等微生物在材料表面附着并形成生物膜（biofilm）的现象。     

广东大亚湾附着硅藻新种和新记录

本文对大亚湾的附着硅藻进行了分类研究,发现1个新种、1个新变种以及在我国的新记录11种和变种。     

几种海洋附着生物对海洋用钢影响的电化学研究

用电化学仪器进行自然腐蚀电位、线性极化和动电位扫描极化曲线的测定,来研究微生物粘液膜和大型附着生物的藤壶、牡蛎、苔藓虫、蜾赢蜚及藻类的覆盖层对碳钢、低合金钢等海洋用钢腐蚀的影响。实验结果表明浸海初期(10天左右)试样表面形成的微生物粘液膜具有某一程度的保护作用,尔后随着浸海时间的延长,保护作用减小,腐蚀率变大;几种大型附着生物覆盖层的保护作用大小的顺序如下:蜾赢蜚>藤壶>藻类>苔藓虫>牡蛎。     

南海污损生物研究的现状及展望

污损生物的研究包括生态学、附着机理和防除研究3个方面，其中生态学是基础，附着机理是核心，而防除研究则是解决生物污损问题的终极目标。回顾了中国南海多年来污损生物研究的发展历程，论述了该海区污损生物的主要生态特点，并从生态学角度、生物附着机理和防除手段的研究开发等方面探讨了下一阶段的研究重点和发展方向。     

室外大池马氏珠母贝育苗试验

本试验利用一个室外露天水容量为187立方米的水泥池进行马氏珠母贝人工育苗,一次育出贝苗5065万只,平均每立方米水体收贝苗27.08万只。室外大池育苗具有耗饵量少,节约人力,培育的幼虫和贝苗生长快和产苗量大等优点,能够迅速提高贝苗总产量,解决目前存在的贝苗(?)足的困难,值得提倡推广。     

Impacts of Coagulation Pretreatment on MF Filtration and a Comparative Study of Different Membrane Module Types

Changes in the regulatory requirements and the forthcoming Disinfectant/Disinfection By-Products （D/DBP） Rule will require that drinking water treatment facilities be operated to achieve maximum removals of particles and disinfectant tolerant microorganisms as well as natural organic matter （NOM）. For drinking water production, the use of membrane filtration processes such as microfiltration and ultrafiltration （MF/UF） alone to satisfy the turbidity, particle and microorganism removal a requirement of the surface water treatment regulation （SWTR） is not enough. MF/UF treatment processes can achieve only nominal （10 percent） removal of disinfection by-products （DBP） precursors （James, et al., 1995）. On the other hand, too fast fouling can make the filtration processes more difficult to carry on. To solve these problems, many authors have been interested in installing coagulation pretreatment before membrane filtration to improve membrane performance. However, previous studies reported conflicting results. Some supported the effectiveness of coagulation pretreatment, while others contended that coagulation aggravated membrane performance. This research aims to identify the effects of coagulation pretreatment on membrane filtration through a pilot study using PVDF membrane in combination with analyzing the rationale of coagulation. Another objective of this research was to evaluate the different impacts on membrane performance of using different membrane modules （the submerged module and pressured module）. The results showed that coagulation pretreatment greatly improved the membrane performance, extending the filtration time as well as reducing the permeated organic level, and that the submerged module is much more efficient than the pressured module.