大别山花岗岩流体包裹体面的初步研究

地质流体是在应力作用下迁移演化的，把它们割裂开来研究是不可取的。流体包裹体面就是把地质流体与应力联系起来的好途径。通过对花岗岩流体包裹体面的研究，可以揭示花岗岩在侵位冷却过程中经受的区域应力场变化及受应力控制的流体运移和演化特征。统计了位于大别山碰撞造山带中的主薄原、天柱山和司空山三个花岗岩岩体的流体包裹体面产状，并对其中的流体包裹体进行了显微测温。数据显示，主薄原和天柱山岩体的流体包裹体面特征相似，有NE和NWW两个优势方向，其中NWW向早于NE向，从NWW向到NE向均一温度、盐度降低，CO2含量下降；司空山岩体的流体包裹体面与主薄原和天柱山岩体的明显不同，有SN和EW两个优势方向，EW向早于SN向。从早到晚流体的演化趋势为高温、高盐度、含CO2和CH4的流体演化为较低温度、低盐度、基本不含挥发组分的流体。司空山岩体与主薄原和天柱山岩体侵位于不同的区域应力场下，流体的组分也存在一定的差别。但流体总的演化趋势一致：从高温、高盐度、富挥发分的流体向低温、低盐度、贫挥发分的方向演化。     

陆—陆点碰撞与超高压变质作用

迄今为止,非撞击型超高压变质作用均发生在陆- 陆碰撞造山带,这在东半球许多地点已被证实。超高压变质岩石以含柯石英和金刚石包体的榴辉岩和榴辉岩相变质岩石为代表,形成的温压环境为650～800℃,2.6～3.5Pa。研究证明大多数超高压岩石原岩是陆壳火山——沉积岩系,因此推断大陆深俯冲作用曾经发生。而超高压岩石现今又出露地表或浅表,意味着它们又从深部折返至地表。陆壳岩石深俯冲和折返机制已成为大陆动力学研究的热点,但认识莫衷一是。争论的焦点是陆壳俯冲的深度到底多大可以形成超高压岩石?是什么机制使其发生深俯冲而又折返到浅表?本文通过世界上出露规模最大的超高压变质带——大别山碰撞过程的动力学分析,探讨非规     

大别造山带北缘中生代地层格架厘定

大别山北麓陆相中生代地层发育 ,由于缺乏可靠生物化石证据 ,地层的划分和对比直到现在仍然存在巨大分歧 ,这制约了造山带研究的深入。根据对发现的火山岩碎屑和 K- Ar同位素年代学数据 (10 3.6— 138.3Ma)研究 ,表明凤凰山组、周公山组和毛坦厂组同属于早白垩世 ,并且可能是同期异相产物 ;覆盖在毛坦厂组之上的黑石渡组亦为早白垩世。根据地层接触关系、同位素年龄数据和岩相对比 ,三尖辅组以中侏罗世为主 ,可能跨早、晚侏罗世 ,与防虎山组和圆筒山组为同期异相。已有的石榴石重矿物分析和孢粉研究支持上述结论。地层接触关系表明白大畈组为早白垩世火山岩。     

晚侏罗世大别山强烈隆升的地层证据

合肥盆地位于安徽省中部 ,南面紧邻大别造山带 ,大别造山带的活动必然在合肥盆地留下地层、构造的踪迹。本文通过研究近几年在合肥盆地完成的地质、地球物理以及钻井资料 ,从盆山耦合角度 ,探讨晚侏罗世大别山强烈隆升的地层证据。根据安徽省肥西县何老庄地质剖面 ,下侏罗统主要为灰白色、灰黄色石英砂岩夹砂砾岩 ,中上部见煤线 ,底部为巨厚的砾岩 ,厚度达 95m ,分选性差 ,砾石直径 2～ 10cm ,个别达30cm ,与太古宇不整合接触 ,这些特征是大别山隆起、遭受剥蚀的直接标志。砾石成分主要为伟晶岩、花岗岩、石英岩和片麻岩等 ,主要是佛子岭群…     

Crust-Mantle Interaction in Dabie Orogenic Belt, Central China： Geochemical Evidence from Late Cretaceous Basalts

It has been suggested that eclogites in the Dabie orogenic belt are exhumation prod-ucts, which had subducted into the deep-seated mantle and undergone ultra-high pressure meta-morphism during the Triassic. But no direct evidence supports this process except the calculated p-T conditions from mineral thermobarometem. The Late Cretaceous basalts studied in the pres-ent paper, however, have provided some geochemical evidence for crust-mantle interaction in the area. These basalts are distributed in Mesozoic faulted basins in central and southern Dabieorogenic belt. Since little obvious contamination from continental crust and differentiation-crys-tallization were observed, it is suggested, based on a study of trace elements, that the basaltsare alkaline and resultant from batch partial melting of the regional mantle rocks, and share thesame or similar geochemical features with respect to their magma source. In the spider diagram normalized by the primitive mantle, trace element geochemistry data show that their mantle sources are enriched in certain elements concentrated in the continental crust, such as Pb, K,Rb and Ba, and slightly depleted in some HFSE such as Hf, P and Nb. Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic com-positions further suggest the mantle is the mixture of depleted mantle (DM) and enriched one(EMI EMII). This interaction can .explain the trace element characteristics of basaltic mag-mas, i.e.,the enrichment of Pb and the depletion of Hf, P and Nb in basalts can be interpre-ted by the blending of the eclogites in DOB (enriched in Pb and depleted in Hf, P and Nd)with the East China depleted mantle (As compared to the primitive mantle, it is neither en-riched in Pb nor depleted in Hf, P and Nb). It is also indicated that the eclogites in the Dahieorogenic belt were surely derived from the exhumation materials, which had delaminated into thedeep-seated mantle. Moreover, the process subsequently resulted in compositional variation of the mantle (especially in trace elements and isotopes) , as revealed by the late mantle-derivedbasalts in the Dabie orogenic belt.     

Location of the Suture Zone between the South and North China Blocks in Eastern Dabie Orogen

INTRODUCTION TheDabieMountainsareacollisionalorogenbe tweentheSouthandNorthChinablocks.Theageof theultrahighpressuremetamorphism(Hackeretal., 1998;Rowleyetal.,1997;Amesetal.,1993;Liet al.,1993)andthelateststratainvolvedintheforeland fold thrustbelt(Xueta…     

大别造山带磷灰石裂变径迹(AFT)年代学研究

大别山花岗岩与变质岩的AFT热年代分布于96.4~41.9 Ma之间, 围限径迹长度为11.5~14.0 μm. 热年代代表岩石差异通过100℃等温面时的冷却时代, 这种差异性主要受控于NNE向区域构造. 在北淮阳与合肥盆地, 沉积岩样品(侏罗纪~早第三纪)AFT年代为128.8~62.0 Ma, 围限径迹长度为8.6~11.9 μm, 它们更多反映盆地埋藏加热的信息. 合肥盆地与大别造山带之间存在构造耦合关系. 95~90 Ma属于大别山构造推隆取代伸展热窿的转折期, 其成因可能与西太平洋域汇聚变化特性有关; 商城-麻城与郯-庐两断裂之间左旋差异走滑与构造推隆作用, 使得大别腹地伸展热窿在晚白垩世急剧萎缩. 早第三纪时期, 受西太平洋域汇聚速率急剧下降的影响, 欧亚东缘表现出广泛的拉张环境, 大别山60~40 Ma带状热异常应与这种拉张作用有关; 郯-庐热中心的冷却(70~40 Ma)要比商城-麻城热中心(60~55 Ma)缓慢, 而大别腹地热隆区(60~40 Ma)属于伸展热窿萎缩之残留. 大别山早第三纪还遭受喜马拉雅山碰撞域的远场影响, 这种影响多通过NWW向断裂来实现构造传递; 进入渐新世~中新世, 大别山冷却波动仍显现区域差异性, 它们在时间上与南海盆地扩张、关闭事件相近.     

Primary Deformation Analyses of High Pressure Metamorphic Rock in Western Dabie Mountain Area

In the western Dabie Mountain area, the eclogites have similar compositions and tectonic environment, which could be contrastively researched. Except for the reservation of the early structural deformation inside and outside of the eclogite lens, there is no obvious difference between the characteristics of the foliation and lineation in the eclogite lens from the one in surroumding region. So this paper concludes that the eclogites or blueschists (high pressure metamorphic rocks, i. e. HPM) are basically situated in the original position. The eclogites are mostly superposed by the ductile shear zone and show the feature of structural displacement, but so far we have not discovered any large-scale structural zone to uplift eclogite return. Based on the analyses of finite strain measure, petrofabric analysis and TEM image for some minerals such as quartz and garnet, we could efficiently know the deforming characteristics of the eclogite in the prophase and anaphase of the main deforming epoch, and finally determine the forming condition of eclogite according to the strain and the differential stress. This paper puts forward preliminary conclusion that some HPM rocks could be formed by the deep-layer embedding and local stress concentration in the process of regional metamorphism.     

大别造山带壳幔界面的断错结构和壳内低速体

2001年4月~2002年3月, 北起河南兰考附近的崔林(34°40′N, 114°49′E), 南到江西大冶附近的大箕铺(30°20′N, 115°03′E), 横跨大别造山带, 布设了总长度约500 km, 由34台宽频带流动地震仪组成的二维地震台阵观测剖面. 台站采用不等间距布设. 在大别造山带范围内, 台站间距为3~8 km, 其他地区为15~20 km. 利用台阵记录的远震P波波形数据和接收函数方法, 获得了横穿大别造山带的接收函数剖面和各台站下方100 km深度范围内地壳上地幔的Ｓ波速度结构. 研究结果表明: 大别造山带地壳在垂直山体走向的方向上具有明显的非对称分块结构; 地壳最大厚度为42 km; 壳幔界面具有与地壳分块结构相应的断错结构, 最大断距达到8 km; 在造山带核部, 存在壳内横波低速体; 壳内低速体分为两部分, 分别对应南大别和北大别; 在垂向上两者可能曾有差异运动; 其下方地壳速度具有随深度增加的梯度结构, 上地幔顶部直到70 km深度范围内速度异常偏低, 而其下方70~100 km的深度上有高速异常体.     

大别地体新店榴辉岩变质锆石U-Pb年龄和氧同位素研究

对大别山南部新店超高压榴辉岩两件锆石样品进行了详细的阴极发光、微区U-Pb年龄和氧同位素研究, 发现存在两类锆石. 一类为短粗、等轴状锆石, 量大, 是原岩岩浆锆石, 并遭受了一定程度的重结晶, 形成时间在811±22 Ma. 另一类为自形、棱柱状锆石, 量少, 有核-边结构, 边部是超高压变质时期形成的变质增生锆石, 变质作用发生在221~217 Ma. 所有原岩岩浆锆石的Th/U比均在1.3左右, 随变质重结晶程度增加, Th/U比下降, 变质增生锆石Th/U比均低于0.1. 锆石阴极发光强度主要由U和Th含量控制. 无论是岩浆锆石还是变质锆石的δ¹⁸O值都很低, 平均值分别为1.8‰和2.8‰. 原岩锆石的低δ¹⁸O值表明其形成时源区有显著的大气降水加 入, 这可能和全球范围内晚前寒武纪雪球地球事件有关, 也表明在大别山变质环境下, 榴辉岩相变质作用不能使原岩锆石氧同位素发生明显再造.