地理信息服务系统结构体系的研究

本文阐述了建立C/S(Client/Server)结构与B/S(Browser/Server)结构相接合的地理信息服务系统结构体系,以及在地理信息服务应用中如何通过网络感知器、环境感应器和任务负载调度器共同协调实现对数据和设备的智能化管理,从而提高对海量数据服务的响应速度。     

并行地图叠加分析中基于数据分解的负载均衡方法研究

地图叠加分析是一种计算密集型算法,并行化计算可以加快算法执行速度。本文研究并行化地图叠加分析中的负载均衡方法。首先针对并行算法中的IO竞争情况,定义了负载均衡指数;然后基于分治法分解空间数据,将并行系统下的地理要素分而治之,将Hilbert空间索引作为集群系统中各节点分配数据的依据,最终实现并行地图叠加分析系统中的数据负载均衡,为地图叠加分析算法中的数据并行策略提供可能性。结果表明,利用空间索引分治的负载均衡方法建立索引速度快,调度系统可以将计算任务明确分配到各计算节点。     

云南兰坪—思茅盆地勐野井钾盐矿床盐构造特征及成因机制

云南兰坪—思茅盆地南部勐野井钾盐矿床沉积了巨厚的钾石盐,岩盐层整体呈现盐构造特征,且发育较强,多期褶皱频出,与上覆碎屑岩之间呈不整合或假整合接触。在喜马拉雅运动造成的强烈挤压和差异负载作用及盆地升降过程中的重力滑移作用下,岩盐形成较为复杂的盐构造体系。研究表明勐野井钾盐矿床盐构造受多重作用影响,重力滑移作用是盐构造初始动力来源,之后在差异负载作用及浮力作用下,盐构造发育相对缓慢,强烈的区域挤压作用是盐构造快速发育的重要原因,并促进差异负载、重力滑移作用和浮力作用进一步发展,形成较为复杂的盐构造体系。盐构造的研究对于探寻钾盐矿体的成因、运动规律和成矿作用具有重要意义。     

基于综合因素的 WebGIS 优化加权负载均衡的研究

日益增长的海量GIS数据使得网络集群负载均衡面临着越来越大的考验,然而目前对WebGIS负载均衡的研究模型均是针对某些方面的负载问题提出解决方案,具有一定的局限性。本文基于传统加权负载均衡模型,综合考虑节点性能、数据组织、访问热点等因素,提出了基于综合因素的WebGIS优化加权负载均衡模型来处理WebGIS中出现的常见负载问题,提高网络系统整体的稳定性。     

P507负载泡塑分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定化探样品中银钨钼

电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定化探样品中的Ag时,由于受到Zr、Nb氧化物离子91Zr16O和93Nb16O的严重干扰,直接测定时低含量Ag的分析结果误差较大,需要将干扰元素分离才能得到较准确的结果。当前应用P507萃淋树脂分离样品溶液中Zr和Nb等干扰元素已经成功应用于化探样品中Ag的测定。本文将此方法进一步改进,用氢氟酸、硝酸、高氯酸和逆王水敞开溶样,通过P507负载泡塑进行振荡吸附,实现了化探样品中Ag和内标元素Rh与干扰元素Zr的有效分离,应用ICP-MS可同时测定Ag、W和Mo。标准样品的测定结果准确可靠,方法检出限为Ag 0.0045μg/g,W 0.023μg/g,Mo 0.060μg/g,均低于多目标地球化学调查(1∶250000)样品分析的检出限。P507负载泡塑分离流程操作简便,无交叉污染,一次振荡可处理100件样品,其分析效率显著优于P507萃淋树脂交换柱,更加适合大批量化探样品Ag与W、Mo及微量元素的同时测定。     

基于ICEEMDAN与环境负载的GNSS坐标时序非线性形变去除

非线性形变影响全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)坐标时序精度. 采用改进的自适应噪声总体集合经验模态分解(ICEEMDAN)和环境负载改正相结合的方法开展GNSS测站非线性形变去除研究. 首先使用GMIS软件将GNSS坐标时序补充完整并去除粗差,然后使用ICEEMDAN方法对GNSS坐标时序进行分解,使用排列熵算法选取包含噪声和非线性形变的高频分量,最后使用环境负载对高频分量进行去除,利用经验模态分解(EMD)方法和环境负载结合的方法进行去除效果对比. 研究结果表明:非线性形变去除后的GNSS坐标时序均方根(RMS)变化各有区别,垂向(U)方向最为明显,最大值达6.715 mm,东(E)方向次之,北(N)方向最小;ICEEMDAN方法和环境负载改正结合后N方向的非线性形变全部得到了削弱,E方向的非线性形变有75％得到了削弱,U方向的非线性形变有62.5％得到了削弱,其改正效果优于EMD方法和环境负载结合的改正效果.      

应用于射电天文的低噪声温度测量方法

噪声温度是接收机和低噪声放大器最重要的性能指标,是了解设备性能好坏的关键因素。随着电子技术的快速发展,接收机和低噪声放大器的噪声温度变得越来越低,准确而快速地测量接收机和低噪声放大器的噪声温度变得非常困难。介绍了6种在射电天文中经常使用的测量低噪声温度的方法,这些测量方法具有准确可靠、简单易行的优点。叙述了测量原理并给出了一些测量方法的测量结果,对影响测量噪声温度精度并且易被忽视的因素也做了详细讨论。     

一种利用分布式遗传算法的P2P负载均衡方法

采用Gossip协议,利用节点之间周期性的拓扑维护消息交换负载信息,提出了一种基于分布式遗传算法的负载均衡算法.在适应度的评估中,结合网络的物理拓扑,以最小化虚拟节点迁移开销,并利用P2P节点并行处理种群,以克服遗传算法计算量过大的缺点.实验结果表明,该算法在求解速度与质量上都取得了较大的改善.     

Bridge pier failure probabilities under combined hazard effects of scour, truck and earthquake. Part II: failure probabilities

In many regions of the world, a bridge will experience multiple extreme hazards during its expected service life. The current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) load and resistance factor design (LRFD) specifications are formulated based on failure probabilities, which are fully calibrated for dead load and non-extreme live loads. Design against earthquake load effect is established separately. Design against scour effect is also formulated separately by using the concept of capacity reduction (or increased scour depth). Furthermore, scour effect cannot be linked directly to an LRFD limit state equation because the latter is formulated using force-based analysis. This paper (in two parts) presents a probability-based procedure to estimate the combined hazard effects on bridges due to truck, earthquake and scour, by treating the effect of scour as an equivalent load effect so that it can be included in reliability-based failure calculations. In Part I of this series, the general principle for treating the scour depth as an equivalent load effect is presented. In Part II, the corresponding bridge failure probability, the occurrence of scour as well as simultaneously having both truck load and equivalent scour load effect are quantitatively discussed. The key formulae of the conditional partial failure probabilities and the necessary conditions are established. In order to illustrate the methodology, an example of dead, truck, earthquake and scour effects on a simple bridge pile foundation is represented.     

Towards multiple hazard resilient bridges: a methodology for modeling frequent and infrequent time-varying loads Part II, Examples for live and earthquake load effects

The current AASHTO load and resistance factor design (LRFD) guidelines are formulated based on bridge reliability,which interprets traditional design safety factors into more rigorously deduced factors based on the theory of probability.This is a major advancement in bridge design specifications.However,LRFD is only calibrated for dead and live loads.In cases when extreme loads are significant,they need to be individually assessed.Combining regular loads with extreme loads has been a major challenge,mainly because the extreme loads are time variable and cannot be directly combined with time invariant loads to formulate the probability of structural failure.To overcome these difficulties,this paper suggests a methodology of comprehensive reliability,by introducing the concept of partial failure probability to separate the loads so that each individual load combination under a certain condition can be approximated as time invariant.Based on these conditions,the extreme loads (also referred to as multiple hazard or MH loads) can be broken down into single effects.In this paper,a further breakdown of these conditional occurrence probabilities into pure conditions is discussed by using a live truck and earthquake loads on a bridge as an example.