基于大数据架构的国家海洋创新指标及其预测方法研究

基于国家创新体系理论和大数据思想,探讨国家海洋创新体系定义和范围;根据国家海洋创新体系的具体内容,选取对外海洋技术依存度、海洋仪器设备国有化率、海洋关键技术自主化率、海洋科技进步贡献率、海洋科技成果转化率等作为国家海洋创新预测指标;在Bigtable+MapReduce框架内讨论适用于海洋创新指标的预测方法,探索国家海洋创新指标预测技术思路,为建立支撑海洋创新战略制定的预测体系做了有益尝试。     

Study of Partial Coefficients for Design of Semicircular Breakwaters

In the present study,the reliability design of semicircular breakwater is based on the verification of the rules defined by standard specifications,where partial coefficients are introduced to ensure safety.The reliability of the semicircular breakwaters has been analyzed by using the Hasofer-Lind method to determine the reliability index of structure that has correlated loads,utilizing the long-term observed wave data at a given place.The relation curve between reliability index and safety factor in the traditional design method,as well as the relationships between reliability index and partial coefficients,have been obtained.This paper proposes values of partial coefficients for the design expression of semicircular breakwaters in the cases of anti-sliding and anti-overturning.     

Development and characterization of a cell line from the embryos of half smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)

A new cell line,CSEC,has been successfully established from embryos at gastrula stage of a cultured marine fish,half smooth tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis).CSEC cells grow actively and stably more than 50 passages for over 200 d in DMEM medium supplemented with 15% FBS(fetal bovine serum),2.5 ng/cm 3 bFGF(basic fibroblast growth factor),1 ng/cm 3 LIF(leukemia inhibitory factor) and 50 mmol/dm 3 2-ME(2-mecaptoethanol).The cells grew well in the temperature range of 24-30 ℃ and the optimal growth temperature was 24℃.FBS and bFGF concentrations are the two key components for CSEC cells proliferation.Chromosome analysis reveals that CSEC cells have a normal diploid karyotype with 2n=42t.The significant fluorescent signals were observed in CSEC after transfection with the GFP reporter gene,suggesting that the CSEC cell line can be used as a useful tool for transgenic and genetic manipulation studies.CSEC cells showed the cytopathic effect(CPE) after infection with lymphosystis disease virus(LCDV) in 2 d.Moreover,the LCDV particles can be observed in the cytoplasm of virus-infected cells by electron microscopy.It suggests that CSEC could be potentially used for the study of aquatic virus.     

螺旋藻及其多糖,多糖蛋白提取物抗疲劳作用试验研究

用螺旋藻藻粉及其多糖、多糖蛋白提取物进行小鼠抗疲劳试验观察,结果表明,多糖及多糖蛋白能显著延长小鼠游泳耐力时间和降低血清尿素氮（ＢＵＮ）增量,表明多是螺旋藻发挥抗疲劳作用的主要生物活性物质。     

Ecological indicators showing the succession of macrofauna communities in Sonneratia apetala artificial mangrove wetlands on Qi’ao Island at Zhuhai, South China

The Sonneratia apetala artificial mangroves in the intertidal zone of Da Wei Bay at Qi’ao Island of Zhu-hai, South China were chosen as the macrofauna succession plots while bare tidal flats of the same size were established as control plots in surrounding interference-free areas. Conventional change indicators of community structure, such as biomass and biodiversity, and indicators, such as exergy and specific exergy, which reflect the information change of overall communities, were used to analyze the succession of macro-fauna communities inS. apetala artificial mangroves. The similarities and differences in variation tendency of the different ecological indicators and their reflected ecological principles were compared. The results showed that from D-1 to D-1275 after plantingS. apetala, the biomass of the macrofauna communities first increased, which was then followed by an increase in the network relationship between the macrofauna communities （analysis of the Pielou evenness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index）. The system in-formation （specific exergy） increased the slowest. Between D-1460 and D-2370 after plantingS. apetala, there was a decrease in biomass, network structure, and system information in the succession plots. After the decrease in the system information （the specific exergy）, there was a decline in the network relationships （Pielou evenness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index）. Biomass was the last indicator to decrease. The similarities and differences among the different ecological indicators varied during the succession pro-cess, which reflected the relativity and differences among the indicators. This study suggested that, although the species diversity index can be an effective indicator of two types of changes （network structure and system information）, it was quite clear that species diversity measurement was not suitable for expressing the changes in biomass during the succession process. While exergy and specific exergy can provide useful information     

连续降温对大菱鲆成鱼代谢机能的影响

为了探寻连续降温对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)成鱼血清、肝脏及肌肉能量代谢等指标的影响,作者将大菱鲆从正常养殖水温18℃快速、连续降温至1℃,并在18℃、13℃、8℃、5℃、3℃和1℃共计6个温度点取血采样,分别测定血清中的总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、血糖(GLU)以及肝脏中的糖原和肌肉中的乳酸等指标。结果发现,随着温度降低,大菱鲆的血清TP浓度呈先下降后升高的趋势,各实验组与对照组无显著差异(P0.05),但在13℃和3℃之间出现显著性差异(P0.05);血清ALB浓度则呈现升高趋势,在3℃时显著高于1℃(P0.05);血清TC浓度呈现升高趋势,且3℃时显著高于18℃(P0.05);GLU浓度呈先降低后升高趋势,且8℃、5℃、3℃实验组浓度显著高于其余实验组(P0.05);尿素浓度呈先降低后升高再降低趋势,且8℃时显著高于1℃(P0.05);肝糖原浓度呈先降低后升高趋势,且8、5、3℃实验组浓度显著高于其余实验组(P0.05);肌肉中乳酸含量呈先升高后降低趋势,且5℃时显著高于18℃(P0.05);其余指标则无显著性差异(P0.05)。结果表明:当温度在18~8℃时,降温对大菱鲆体内代谢影响不大;当温度降到8~3℃时,大菱鲆体内开始出现应激反应;当温度继续降低至1℃时,大菱鲆体内的各种代谢基本处于停滞状态。综合分析各温度下的代谢指标得出结论,3~1℃温度区间与大菱鲆的生态冰温点比较接近,可以在此温度区间附近进一步进行无水保活的探索,在保证大菱鲆无水运输可行性的基础上优化经济成本。     

海水鱼类寄生虫刺激隐核虫(Cryptocaryon irritans)趋化性研究

应用本实验室建立的趋化模型对海水鱼类寄生虫刺激隐核虫(Cryptocaryon irritans)的趋化特性进行研究。结果显示, 刺激隐核虫幼虫在30min时趋化达到饱和, 在温度28℃时趋化率达到最高; 多种硬骨鱼的血清与粘液对刺激隐核虫的幼虫都有着强烈的吸引作用, 刺激隐核虫幼虫对碳水化合物、氨基酸等小分子物质没有趋化作用; 在组织匀浆液中, 刺激隐核虫幼虫对肌肉匀浆液有一定的趋化作用, 对肝、肠、胃的匀浆液都没有趋化作用; 感染后鱼类血清对刺激隐核虫的幼虫有着更加强烈的吸引作用(P<0.01); 18种中草药中的五倍子、大黄、槟榔、苦楝、虎杖、贯众等6种中药草对刺激隐核虫的幼虫有一定的驱虫作用。本文的研究结果有助于深化对刺激隐核虫致病性的认识并对“白点病”的防治有一定的参考价值。     

养殖密度对大杂交鲟幼鱼体组份和血液生化指标的影响

试验以大杂交鲟(达氏鳇♀×史氏鲟♂,初始体质量每尾约38g)为材料,研究了流水养殖条件下放养密度(40/m~2、70/m~2、93/m~2、110/m~2)对其体组分和血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:经过60d饲养,放养密度对大杂交鲟体组分产生了负面影响,水分和灰分含量随密度的增大呈升高趋势,粗脂肪和粗蛋白随着密度增大而下降;同时大杂交鲟血清碱性磷酸酶含量随密度增大而降低;血清有机成分蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯及尿素等含量也呈现下降趋势;血清无机离子磷和镁含量也随养殖密度的增大而降低。本文试验结果说明放养密度改变了大杂交鲟体内营养物质的的吸收、代谢和分配,造成机体和血液中生化组成的变化,进而可能对鱼类的营养状况及生长产生不利影响。     

细菌细胞膜脂记录的西太平洋暖池约4Ma以来沉积物风尘陆源输入变化

西菲律宾海作为西太平洋暖池的一部分,重建其在地质历史时期的热力学变化、陆源输入变化,对于理解西太平洋暖池在全球地质时间尺度上的作用具有重要意义.利用古菌与细菌的细胞膜质甘油二烷基甘油四醚(glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers,GDGTs)对西菲律宾海XT-47孔沉积物的陆源输入及其...     

短期饥饿对花鲈血清生化指标、肝脏抗氧化酶活性及摄食调控信号通路的影响

本文以花鲈(Lateolabrax maculatus)为研究对象,对短期饥饿处理下花鲈的生理、生化指标及摄食调控相关基因的表达水平进行研究.研究表明,随着饥饿时间的延长,血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和血糖(GLU)浓度整体上呈下降趋势.乳酸脱氢酶...