对推进我省农村土地管理制度改革的思考

一、重点要在落实最严格的耕地保护制度上下功夫 1．着重把耕地保护的共同责任机制落实落靠 要研究如何使各级政府真正地承担起耕地保护的责任,怎样去监督考核才更有效,怎样去研究责任才更有震撼力,切实解决目前只是签签状、立立标牌,耕地保护只是走形式的问题。目前正在进行二次土地调查,要尽快建立耕地保护数据库,建立耕地保护电子台帐,切实把耕地保护的责任逐级落实到地方政府、村组和农户。     

树立科学发展观要从查找自身差距入手

2008年3月,笔者有机会参加单位组织对深圳、东莞、宁波、杭州、青岛等地土地收购储备、土地利用、闲置土地处置和地籍信息系统建设等工作的考察学习。考察中,深切地感受到南方发达地区先进的管理模式和浓厚的发展氛围。特别是国土资源部门在管理、服务和执法方面积极探索、勇于实践、大胆创新的意识和经验,值得认真地思索和借鉴。     

浅析土地信息系统的数据特征

土地信息系统所处理的对象是空间数据源,包括图形信息、属性信息与声像信息,这些信息来源于土地利用现状调查、土地测量、土地登记、土地统计和土地资源的动态监测等。土地信息系统的建立,要按照现行的土地管理制度,满足有关的规程与规范的要求,以数据录入、数据存储、数据处理及信息成果的输出等方面需要具备以下基本特征。     

发挥国土资源部门职能服务新农村建设

一、规划先行科学引导社会主义新农村建设 要整体规划,分步骤实施,分阶段落实,分重点推进。要在县城和乡村的建设中实行统筹规划,协调发展。在规划时要将建设重点向小城镇、中心村和工业园区集中,充分发挥区域、交通等优势,促进农村的城镇化建设。在土地利用总体规划修编过程中,突出科学发展理念,着眼加强土地利用总体规划的科学性、预见性。注意与城镇一体统一规划,做好镇村布局规划协调和衔接。     

宾县六个乡镇成立国土资源执法监察大队

本报讯 日前,宾县国土资源局6个乡镇成立国土资源执法监察大队,为促进动态巡查责任制的有效落实和从源头上防范土地违法违规行为提供了保障。 执法监察大队的职能是：对辖区乡（镇）土地管理法律法规贯彻执行情况进行监督检查;对辖区内的国土资源开发、利用和保护情况进行动态巡查,最大限度降低违法的发案率。     

抓紧抓细抓实城镇土地调查

6月23日,全省城镇土地调查现场会在大庆市杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县召开。全省各市（地）国土资源局,农垦、森工系统国土资源局第二次土地调查工作负责同志200余人参加会议。省国土资源厅副厅长李顶勋、杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县人民政府县长董辉出席会议并讲话。     

二调工作中如何运用MAPGIS和ARCGIS软件

第二次全国土地调查（以下简称二调）作为一项重大的国情国力调查,其调查成果是编制国民经济和社会发展规划以及从事土地资源规划、管理、保护和利用的重要依据。如此重要而繁杂的成果数据,GIS软件作为机助类软件提高了二调工作的效率,图件成果能精确反映多种利用规划现状信息,在技术和管理层两个层面达到了有关要求,是一种十分重要的工具。     

银色抒怀——黑龙江冰雪文化巡礼（6）

黑龙江冰雪文化以其丰富的内涵和多彩的展现令世人瞩目。经过千百年来的积累和升华。如今的冰雪文化更具特色,也更加趋于成熟,并已经与黑龙江各族人民的生活融合在一起了。这种升华与融合是经历了千百年的磨砺与洗练,在悠远、漫长的历史进程中逐渐形成的,它体现了时代的进步与发展,昭示了黑龙江大地的与时俱进和走向辉煌。如今,这片土地更加富饶,更加绮丽。有人说她山川秀美,有人说她江河神秘,有人说她粗犷豪放,有人说她悠然飘逸。历史的真实永远是印刻和隐匿在自己的江河湖泊、土地森林之中的,的确,这就是令世人称奇的黑龙江大地。     

Sensitivity of penman-monteith reference crop evapotranspiration in Tao’er River Basin of northeastern China

A non-dimensional relative sensitivity coefficient was employed to predict the responses of reference crop evapotranspiration （ET0） to perturbation of four climate variables in Tao＇er River Basin of the northeastern China. Mean monthly ET0 and yearly ET0 from 1961 to 2005 were estimated with the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith Equation. A 45-year historical dataset of average monthly maximum/minimum air temperature, mean air temperature, wind speed, sunshine hours and relative humidity from 15 meteorological stations was used in the analysis. Results show that： 1） Sensitivity coefficients of wind speed, air temperature and sunshine hours were positive except for those of air temperature of Arxan Meteorological Station, while those of relative humidity were all negative. Relative humidity was the most sensitive variable in general for the Tao＇er River Basin, followed by sunshine hours, wind speed and air temperature. 2） Similar to climate variable, monthly sensitivity coefficients exhibit large annual fluctuations. 3） Sensitivity coefficients for four climate variables all showed significant trends in seasonal/yearly series. Also, sensitivity coefficients of air temperature, sunshine hours and wind speed all showed significant trends in spring. 4） Among all sensitivity coefficients, the average yearly sensitivity coefficient of relative humidity was highest throughout the basin and showed largest spatial variability. Longitudinal distribution of sensitivity coefficients for air temperature, relative humidity and sunshine hours was also found, which was similar to the distribution of the three climate variables.     

Landscape Effects of Land Consolidation Projects in Central China——A Case Study of Tianmen City,Hubei Province

The goal of land consolidation in China is still to develop agricultural production. The study of landscape effects of land consolidation projects （LCPs） faces many difficulties because of the lack of government＇s interest and data. This paper, taking Tianmen City of Hubei Province in Central China as an example, presents a methodology for analyzing landscape effects of LCPs by GIS and Fragstats3.3. It describes landscape effects with indexes of Patch Density （PD）, Largest Patch Index （LPI）, Landscape Shape Index （LSI）, Interspersion and Juxtaposition Index （IJI）, Aggregation Index （AI）, and Shannon＇s Diversity Index （SHDI）, showing more regular shape, simpler structure and less habitat diversity after LCPs. It computes ten landscape indexes of four categories of patches including Cultivated Land, Road, Water Channel, and River and Pond. The indexes show that 1） cultivated land becomes more fragmental in patch area, less irregular in patch shape and more concentrated in block; 2） the transport capacity of roads and irrigation and drainage capacity of water channels have been improved; 3） the landscape change of river and pond can be summarized as decreasing scale, more regular shape, reducing connectivity and diversity of the class. LCPs can facilitate agricultural production as well as protect cultivated land and food security. However, it is doubted that the increase of cultivated land from LCPs results from the reducing in landscape diversity of water area.