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141.
矿产预测的基本理论——区域成矿学向矿产勘查延伸的理论体系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
矿产预测理论研究始于20世纪50年代,在近60年的预测实践中,始终是研究的热门课题。中国学者在全国第一、二轮区划的实践和相关研究成果基础上,完善了矿产预测理论的基本内容,形成矿产预测的理论体系,推动了区域成矿学向矿产勘查延伸新领域的探索。矿产预测理论概括为:矿床成矿作用“异相定位”预测理论;矿床成矿系列“缺位”预测理论;多元信息“类比-求同”预测理论和地质体“对等求异”预测理论。认为成矿作用的“异相定位和矿床成矿系列”缺位预测理论是矿产预测的地质理论依据,又是对成矿学理论的补充;多元信息“类比-求同”理论是传统的预测理论,本文赋以新的内含;地质体“对等求异”理论补充了“类比-求同”理论的不足,是前三项理论内容无可比拟的。矿产预测理论已受矿产勘查实践的检验,证明是有效的,在当前已经成为提高矿产预测成果的准确性和勘查效益的科学依据。 相似文献
142.
Savitri Tripathi Vandana Parth Phani Homeshwari M. Vittal Babu N. Murthy N.N. Sorlie J.E. Govil P.K. 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):117-118
Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) is an emplacement of inert material (s) in the subsurface, designed to intercept a contaminated plume, provides a preferential flow path through the reactive media, and transforms the contaminant into environmentally acceptable forms to attain concentration remediation goals at the discharge of the barrier. The phenomena, which help in remediation within PRB, are adsorption/sorption, precipitation, oxidation/reduction and biodegradation. Various materials like zero-valent iron, zero-valent bi-metals, natural zeolites, organic carbon, fly ash, zeolites, limestone, activated alumina, apatites, etc. have been tried by many researchers to remove organic and inorganic contaminants. In USA, Canada, and many European countries commercial full-scale and pilot scale PRBs are successfully working. The design and installation of full scale PRBs needs laboratory treatability and dynamic flow column experiments? The concept of PRB is being applied to treat contaminated surface water in the Katedan industrial area, Hyderabad, India. National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Hyderabad, India, conducted systematic studies in collaboration with Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), Norway, to develop PRB technique to decontaminate the surface water pollution due to industrial effluent. A site assessment study in the Katedan Industrial Area, were carried out and water, soil and sediment from the lakes of the area were found to be polluted with high concentrations of heavy metals like As, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, etc. Adsorption studies at NGRI with synthetic samples and in-situ industrial effluent using different reactive media for removing contaminants like arsenic, chromium, cadmium, copper, nickel, lead and zinc have been carried out and yielded satisfactory results. The performance of zero-valent iron and limestone is encouraging in removing As, 相似文献
143.
Marvin Joseph Montefrio Kai Scene Ng Lee Yih Koh Erwin Torio Mark Hansley Chua Louernie de Sales-Papa Jeffrey Philip Obbard 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):122-122
The gross environmental condition of the Payatas Disposal Facility in Metro Manila, Philippines, implores the need for sustainable technologies to control and abate toxic municipal solid waste leachate and protect public health. A team of environmental engineers recognized this need by selecting the site as a design project for the Mondialogo Worldwide Engineering Award, sponsored by the United Nations and Daimler Chrysler. The project culminated in a technical proposal that highlighted the following design features: an impermeable dumpsite cap to control leachate generation; vertical impermeable barriers for containment and isolation of leachate; a drainage system to divert clean, surface water from the cap and prevent its contamination prior to discharge; a leachate recirculation system to enhance stabilisation of the waste deposit; and a facultative lagoon and constructed wetland system to treat excess leachate. 相似文献
144.
Yoshio Takahashi Yutaka Kanai Hikari Kamioka Atsuyuki Ohta Takuro Miyoshi Hiroshi Shimizu 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):222-222
Sulfates are a main constituent of aerosols, which sulfate aerosols, it is necessary to determine what can cause various environmental problems sulfate ions are contained in these aerosols In the evaluation of the influence of In this study, sulfur K-edge XANES was used to determine sulfate species present in size-fractionated aerosol particles based on the post-edge structure after the main absorption peak in the XANES region. Aerosol samples were collected as part of the Japan-China joint project, "Asian Dust Experiment on Climate Impact" using a low-volume Andersen-type air sampler. XANES was measured at Beamline BL-9A at Photon Factory, Japan. A comparison of the XANES spectra of reference sulfate materials and aerosol samples collected in Tsukuba in Japan clearly showed that (NH4)2SO4 was the main sulfur species in particles with a smaller diameter and gypsum was the main sulfur species in particles with a larger diameter. A simulation of the XANES spectra by reference materials allows us to obtain the quantitative mixing ratios of the different sulfate species present in the aerosol samples. The presence of minor sulfur species other than (NH4)2SO4 and gypsum at the surface of mineral aerosols is suggested in our simulations and by a surface-sensitive conversion electron/He-ion yield XANES. In the absence of a contribution from a large dust event, the mole concentration of gypsum in the mineral aerosol fraction determined by XANES is similar to that of Ca which is determined independently using ion chromatography. This shows that the Ca and sulfate in the mineral aerosols are present only as gypsum. Considering that calcite is the main Ca mineral in the original material arising from an arid and semi-arid area in China, it is strongly suggested that gypsum is formed in aerosol during its long-range transportation by a reaction between calcite and sulfate ions. 相似文献
145.
在当代认知发展及智力研究领域,美国耶鲁大学心理学教授斯腾伯格(R.J.Sternberg)无疑是一位活跃人物。其代表性的理论建树是智力结构三重模式,并于1996年发展为成功智力理论。这是与加德纳(H.Gardner)多元智力理论同具影响力的理论,更为重要的是成功智力理论得到了大量的实验和教学实证研究的证实。 相似文献
146.
区域经济协调发展是国民经济发展的客观要求,关系到整个国民经济的战略全局。西部大开发是区域经济协调发展的内在要求和具体体现。非均衡区域经济理论是西部大开发与区域经济协调发展这一重大实践问题的核心理论,我国西部地区以其丰富的资源优势及潜在的区位优势已成为中国经济持续、快速、健康发展的新的增长点。 相似文献
147.
模糊理论在公路边坡稳定性分析中的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
边坡工程是一个复杂的系统工程。边坡的稳定与否直接关系到其防护工作的程度。因此,如何有效、合理地判断边坡的稳定性对整个工程的经济与社会效益极为重要。影响边坡稳定的因素众多,判断其稳定与否应考虑各因素的综合效果。论文运用模糊理论中的多因素综合评判模型对某高速公路边坡的稳定性进行研究。通过全面考虑影响因素,建立相应的评判因素集及单因素评判矩阵,运用专家评判法和判断矩阵法确定出各因素的权重。最后通过多层次模糊评判得到该边坡的稳定性评判结果。研究证明,该法在边坡稳定性分析评判中是切实可行的。 相似文献
148.
周贤旭 《华东地质学院学报》2006,(Z1)
通过对香炉山地区成矿控制因素分析,认为香炉山特大型钨矿外围具备找大矿的条件,并依据成矿控制主要因素在找矿远景区的具体体现,提出了在徐家岭、张天罗、大岩下等多处具有较好的找矿远景区。对张天罗、徐家岭及大岩下等较重要的找矿前景区进行详细叙述。 相似文献
149.
150.
探讨了中小城市首级GPS控制网的几种布测方案,用实测GPS数据对几种常用的布测方案进行了精度分析,从而确定城市首级GPS控制网的最佳布设方案。 相似文献