贵州南部“半边街式”铅锌矿床地质特征及其成因探讨

贵州省南部地区是全国重要的汞、锑资源分布区。2000年由于产于上泥盆统中铅锌矿的陆续发现,贵州省地矿局启动了以铅锌资源评价和成矿规律研究为主的地质工作,目标是总结铅锌矿产出的地质特征和成矿规律。通过三年的研究认为,该区处扬子准地台、华南褶皱带和右江造山带交汇部位,受晚古生代初期发生的陆内裂谷活动影响,产生了一个与桂中台陷相连的大型沉积凹陷区—黔南台陷沉积区,形成了巨厚碳酸盐和碎屑岩沉积,产生了与裂陷盆地边缘同沉积断层活动有关的低温成矿作用,造成了在晚泥盆纪以前的地层中汞、锑、砷、金、铅锌等矿床沿同沉积断层密集分布。本文通过矿床特征总结和矿床成因探讨,建立了准同生沉积成矿作用模式,旨在为该区寻找这类矿床提供参考和借鉴作用。     

观赏石奇葩——化石雨花石

雨花石历来以五彩缤纷的色彩、千姿百态的纹理以及人们赋予的丰富文化内涵为世人称颂。 雨花石品种很多，有矿物娄玛瑙、蛋白石、玉髓、水晶，岩石娄硅质岩、砂岩、石灰岩、大理岩、火成岩，以及古生物化石等。其中化石雨花石为地质历史时期保存在地层里的生物遗体、遗迹，主要来源于古长江流域两岸山体，经长期风化、破碎、搬逗、磨蚀而成。其浑圆度高，有的已玛瑙矿化，色彩花纹美丽，被视为佳品．     

院士风采之三——陈梦熊院士

著名水文地质学家，浙江上虞人。1942年毕业于昆明西南联大地质系。同年人中央地质调查所，1949年离所。1991年当选为中国科学院地学部学部委员。历任地矿部水文地质工程地局副总工程师、地矿部教授级高级工程师、高级顾问、国土资源部咨询研究中心咨询委员。     

难忘的一九七六年

1976年,我们接受了青藏铁路安多至那曲段沿线地震地质与地震烈度考察任务。由地质人员黄礼良、聂宗笙、孟宪良、李庆山等11人,司机与修理工张钰、史宪友、穆瑞华等8人,尚有卫生员赵永才、财神焦书泰及厨官许伟悦,共20余人?,由王树海同志领队,兼有三部北京吉普和两辆卡车,满载进藏物资,浩浩荡荡开往西宁—格尔木,直奔安多—那曲—拉萨。30年后的今天,火车已从祖国各地通往了拉萨,这是一条为西藏繁荣昌盛和人民幸福致富的康藏大道,在世界屋脊的冰川冻土层上成功地修建了铁路,也已经被中国和世界人民传为家喻户晓的佳话。30年过去了,往事浮想联…     

Spatial analysis of elements in soils from Chengdu City

Three kinds of spatial analysis methods （geostatistics, concentration-area fractal model and the multifractal analysis called the moment method） were used for almost 50 elements, including heavy metals, disperse elements, rare elements and even others, in 6586 top soil （0-20 cm） samples and 1833 deep soil （150-200 cm） samples from Chengdu metropolitan area of 12400 km^2, southwestern China. The ranges of spatial correlation revealed by variograms are quite different for different kinds of elements in the top and deep soils. The most interest is the fact that the multifractal spectra of environmentally important elements such as Pb, Cr, Cd and Ni in top soils in the metropolitan area show systematic change from those in the deep soils, revealing a strong anthropogenic addition, while Hg, Zn, As, Cu and all common elements show no such kind of addition. In terms of multifractal properties based on the multifractal spectrum curves, those disperse and rare elements show great deviation from other major and trace elements, which is also of great interest.     

Analysis of the effect of geology, soil properties, and land use on groundwater quality using multivariate statistical and GIS methods

The regional survey of groundwater used as a small water supply system was performed to know the effect of geology, soil properties and land use on groundwater quality at Nonsan City, Korea. A total of 126 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed at the study area. The multivariate statistical methods, principal components analysis and discriminant analysis, and GIS technique were used for the quantitative interpretation of groundwater quality. The study area is mainly composed of Precambrian gneiss, Jurassic granite, and Cretaceous volcanics, and metasedimentary rocks of the Ogcheon zone. The land use was grouped as paddy, upland, grassland, resident, point source, industrial area, and water system. The soil properties were classified as 4 major groups, Entisols, Alfisols, Inceptisols, and Ultisols, by the degree of development, and reclassified as 11 subgroups. The modified and simplified geologic map, soil map, and land use map were made by using ARCGIS soft-ware. The area of geology, soil property, and land use affecting the groundwater quality for each well were also calculated by ARCGIS soft-ware to acquire the quantitative parameters for multivariate statistical analysis. The monitoring results of groundwater in the study area showed that 13%-21% of the groundwater samples exceeded the portable water guideline and the main causes were turbidity, bacteria, arsenic and nitrate-N. The spatial distribution of each component showed the close relationship between groundwater quality and geology reflecting the topography, land use.     

CQK-50型车载化钻机的研制

在分析研究小型地质车载钻机的形式、功能与特点的基础上，提出了钻机车载化的新思路。根据地质调查工作现状，结合国内现有小型地质取样钻机，研制了CQK-50型全液压多功能车载取样钻机，并在野外物化探遥感异常验证钻探中取得了良好效果。     

我国地质找矿取心（样）钻探设备现状及提高效能的分析研究

概述了我国地质找矿钻探市场现状及前景，分析研究了地质取样钻探传统的立轴钻机及全液压动力头钻机的优缺点及综合效能，针对国家提出加强地质工作的形势及中国的实际状况，提出了完善和改进我国现有钻探设备、提高我国地质找矿取样钻探效率、降低能耗及成本的观点及建议。     

科技兴所再创辉煌

北京探矿工程研究所以优势产品开拓市场，以特色技术为国家地质工作提供勘查技术支撑。我所紧密围绕这一定位制订所的发展战略和规划，加强资源的优化配置，优先发展特色技术，建立优势产业；同时落实以人为本、全面协调、可持续的科学发展观，使全所的各项工作进入快速健康发展的轨道。2005年我所实现收入5000多万元，分配后净利润300多万元，创历史新高。与2000年收入600多万元，亏损40多万元的状况相比，实现了跨越式发展的预期目标。     

虚拟样机技术在地质工程机械领域的应用研究

基于对国内地质工程机械的研发现状的考虑，根据虚拟样机技术的特点，讨论了在地质工程机械领域实施虚拟样机技术的必要件，并提出了建立地质工程机械虚拟样机的策略。联合PRO／E、ANSYS及ADAMS建立了气动潜孔锤的虚拟样机模型，对气动潜孔锤虚拟样机进行了仿真，阐明了虚拟样机技术在地质工程机械领域的应用前景。