Factors controlling the distribution of trace metals in macroalgae

This paper presents the concentrations of trace metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) in macroalgae from five areas. Significant differences were noticed in trace metal concentration in macroalgae, and a large range of variations between the minimum and maximum concentrations of trace metals was found. Trace metals detected in macroalgae generally occur in adsorbed and absorbed forms. Environmental and biological factors jointly control the trace metal compositions and concentrations in macroalgae. The complexity and variation of these factors cause significant differences in trace metal concentrations in macroalgae. Environmental factors play a more important role in controlling trace metal compositions and concentrations when external available trace metals are beyond requirement for algal metabolism and growth, especially for non-essential trace metals; however, when the external available trace metals just satisfy the needs of algal metabolism and growth, biological factors would play a more important role, especially for essential trace metals. Interactions among the trace metals can also influence their compositions and concentrations in macroalgae. It is alsodiscussed how to make macroalgae as an excellent biomonitor for trace metals.     

Cenozoic Mineralization in China, as a Key to Past Mineralization and a Clue to Future Prospecting

Many Cenozoic metal deposits have been found during the past decade. Among them, the Fuwan Ag deposit in Guangdong is the largest Ag deposit in China. Besides, the largest Cu deposit of China in Yulong, Tibet, the largest Pb-Zn deposit of China in Jinding, Yunnan, and the largest Au deposit of China in Jinguashi,Taiwan, were also formed in the Cenozoic. Why so many important "present" deposits formed during such a short period of geological history is the key problem. The major reason is that different tectonic settings control different kinds of magmatic activity and mineralization at the same time. In southwestern China, porphyry-type Cu deposits such as Yulong were formed during the early stage of the Himalayan orogeny, sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposits such as Jinding were formed within intermontane basins related to deep faults, and carbonatite-related deposits such as the Maoniuping REE deposit and alkalic magmatic rock-related deposits such as the Beiya Au deposit originated from the mantle source.     

超浅孔平底电极在痕量金测定中的应用

本文拟定了用化学光谱法测定痕量Au,取10g样品在650℃灼烧1h后,用王水分解,然后用活性碳纸桨吸附,灰化,装入超浅孔平底电极,压紧,并滴加ZnCl_2溶液粘结,在红外灯下烤干摄谱,曝光7s,检出限为0.08ppb。     

热解——动力学法测定岩石和化探样品中痕量碘

以五氧化二钒和三氧化二铋为熔剂,研究了分离富集痕量碘的最佳条性,以及影响催化反应速度的因素。用改变温度和时间的方法提高测定方法的灵敏度和扩大碘的测定范围。本方法具有灵敏度高、选择性好、操作简便、快速和经济的特点,最低检出限为0.033ppm碘,标准偏差为4.45％。     

胶州湾水生系统中痕量金属组分场态特征

笔者利用宏量组分、微量组分、痕量金属组分的化学总量、环境因子等测试资料,深入讨论了胶州湾不同介质痕量金属的生物地球化学总体特征及各介质痕量金属组分在平面上的分布,揭示了胶州湾水生系统对陆源物质输入的响应。整个水生系统从垂向上看,表层沉积物是所有痕量金属组分的富集带;该系统中的生物相对于其所处水环境具有显著的富集痕量金属组分作用,生物体中Cu、Hg和As生物浓缩系数依次为1385、93和725。从横向上看,痕量金属组分化学场的研究揭示了痕量金属组分总量在底层水和沉积物介质中的分布主要受控于河口,即高值区分布于胶州湾的各个主要河口区,特别是沉积物中金属组分浓度的高值区主要集中分布于胶州湾的东部。而孔隙水中Cu的高值主要分布于水交替较弱的海域,如红岛前缘。但生物体中的痕量金属组分化学场空间分布规律与上述各介质的化学场均不吻合,亦即生物体中痕量金属组分的浓度与其所处环境中的同名金属组分浓度无关。生物对痕量金属组分的富集并不简单地取决于它所处环境介质中同名金属组分的总量,而存在形态上的选择性。并且通过回归分析揭示了底层水对生物体中Cu、Hg和As的富集贡献较大。