测定陆架区海洋沉积物中细粒分散状金的分选方法

为了制定分异堆积机制．以及开发和加工陆架上细粒分散状金，必须有关于该金属在河-海壁垒区迁移形态的资料．在一系列文章中刊登了有关较高的金含量趋向于有机质高浓度区的论述．其中有细粒金在陆架区河口边缘部分高度分散的生物成因粉砂质软泥中富集实际资料的描述，     

贵州紫云扁平剖面早二叠世非(蜓)有孔虫动物群

贵州紫云扁平剖面紫松阶上部-罗甸阶非(蜓)有孔虫动物群由25属82种(含相似种、亚种而不含未定种)构成,其中7属(Cribrogenerina、Nodosaria、Glomospira、Tetrataxis、Palaeotextularia、Climacammina及Globivalvulina)的物种分异度最高,合计占总种数的71%;该动物群自紫松期开始发育,在隆林期类群构成发生显著变化并繁盛至罗甸早期,在罗甸中晚期明显衰落.研究剖面由下至上可划分为Cribrogenerina celebrata-C. hemispaera间隔带、Glomospira-Nodosaria富集带(又可进而分为Geinitzina postcarbonica-Globivalvulina cyprica间隔亚带、Climacammina elegantula延限亚带)、Lasiodiscus-Eotuberitina间隔带.     

Sediment fingerprinting in fluvial systems： review of tracers,sediment sources and mixing models

Suspended sediments in fluvial systems originate from a myriad of diffuse and point sources, with the relative contribution from each source varying over time and space. The process of sediment fingerprinting focuses on developing methods that enable discrete sediment sources to be identified from a composite sample of suspended material. This review identifies existing methodological steps for sediment fingerprinting including fluvial and source sampling, and critically compares biogeochemical and physical tracers used in fingerprinting studies. Implications of applying different mixing models to the same source data are explored using data from 41 catchments across Europe, Africa, Australia, Asia, and North and South America. The application of seven commonly used mixing models to two case studies from the US （North Fork Broad River watershed） and France （Bldone watershed） with local and global （genetic algorithm） optimization methods identified all outputs remained in the acceptable range of error defined by the original authors. We propose future sediment fingerprinting studies use models that combine the best explanatory parameters provided by the modified Collins （using correction factors） and Hughes （relying on iterations involving all data, and not only their mean values） models with optimization using genetic algorithms to best predict the relative contribution of sediment sources to fluvial systems.     

生物圈·生命圈

地球环境的演变决定了生命的起源与演化过程,而生命过程又影响看地球表层环境以及大气圈、水圈及岩石圈的物质循环生物多样性是地球演化的独特产物,对地球生命维持系统起着极为重要的作用,是人类赖以生存和发展的基础。因此,研究地球与生命的互动,研究生物多样性的起源和发展对人类可持续发展具有重要意义。     

新疆北塔山地区埃姆斯期腕足动物群

区内早泥盆世沉积为卓木巴斯套组, 产丰富的古生物化石, 以极为丰富的腕足为主要特征。通过地质路线调查与剖面测量, 采集到大量的腕足、珊瑚、三叶虫、苔藓虫、角石、菊石等动物化石, 其中, 腕足类占90%以上。本次工作鉴定出腕足化石24属48种。根据动物化石组成及面貌将其定为 “东准Spinatrypa khalfini动物群”。主要特征是腕足在动物群中的含量占绝对比例, 而且石燕类、无洞贝类占绝对优势。依据化石组合类型及产出层位将其划分为下部Leptocoelia sinica组合及上部Spinatrypa khalfini组合。将北塔山地区与我国北部其他地区同时代地层中的腕足动物群进行对比发现:北塔山地区的腕足化石的产出层位与内蒙古地区东乌珠穆沁旗敖包亭浑迪组、东北地区金水组、霍龙门组、黑台组、乌努尔组大致相当;并根据个别属种在世界范围的时代意义, 确定了卓木巴斯套组的时代为埃姆斯期。     

Methylmercury and human biomarkers： Questioning the evidence

Methylmercury （MeHg） is a powerful neurotoxicant in humans. In terms of biomarkers of MeHg exposure, hair and blood have long been used in epidemiological studies as the biomarkers of choice. In fact, total hair mercury （Hg） content as well as organic blood Hg concentrations reflects exposure to organic Hg from food consumption. Extensive studies, establishing a constant and linear relation between MeHg intake versus Hg levels in hair and blood, were conducted by governmental officials to establish guidelines on safe levels of MeHg exposure, which were translated into threshold daily fish consumption rates （usually expressed as μg MeHg per kg bodyweight）. Nowadays, in most epidemiologic studies blood or hair mercury （Hg） level is commonly used as a valid proxy to estimate human exposure to methylmercury （MeHg） through fish consumption without relating this signal to actual fish consumption patterns among populations. Human variability in mercury toxicokinetics was identified and measurement error has been pointed out to be a substantial contributor to observed variability, particularly where dietary information is retrospective and self-reported. However, experimental evidence indicates that significant variability among individuals may exist in the biokinetics of mercury. Also recent findings from previous population-based studies through COMERN initiative also revealed that MeHg metabolic processes might greatly vary across populations. In fact, it is unlikely that the magnitude of the difference measured between observed and expected levels of mercury, given the reported intake, can be entirely explained by laboratory measurement errors or reporting bias.     

大港油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩生物标志化合物地球化学特征

在本项研究中，根据Ｐｒ／Ｐｈ比值，β－胡萝卜烷类化合物丰度，甾／藿比值，单甲基高位取代支链烷烃，ＯＥＰ值，升藿烷Ｃ３１２２Ｓ／（２２Ｓ＋２２Ｓ）比值等参数，对大港油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩的地球化学特征作了详细的研究，该为该套地层只于弱氧化－弱还原条件下及经历了强烈的细菌改造。