Seismic behavior of variable frequency pendulum isolator

Earthquake performance of a flexible one-story building isolated with a variable frequency pendulum isolator （VFPI） under near-fault and far-field ground motions is investigated. The frictional forces mobilized at the interface of the VFPI are assumed to be velocity dependent. The interaction between frictional forces of the VFPI in two horizontal directions is duly considered and coupled differential equations of motion of the isolated system in the incremental form are solved iteratively. The response of the system with bi-directional interaction is compared with those without interaction. In addition, the effects of velocity dependence on the response of the isolated system are also investigated. Moreover, a parametric study is carried out to critically examine the influence of important parameters on bi-directional interaction effects of the frictional forces of the VFPI. These parameters are： the superstructure time period, frequency variation factor （FVF） and friction coefficient of the VFPI. From the above investigations, it is observed that the dependence of the friction coefficient on relative velocity of the system does not have a noticeable effect on the peak response of the system isolated with VFPI, and that the bi-directional interaction of frictional forces of the VFPI is important and if neglected, isolator displacements will be underestimated and the superstructure acceleration and base shear will be overestimated.     

滑坡风险评价的理论与方法研究

作为防灾减灾的重要措施之一,滑坡风险评价已经成为近年来国际上滑坡研究的热点,并形成了较为完备的滑坡风险管理体系。国内的滑坡风险研究则起步较晚,滑坡风险评价的关键支撑技术体系尚未建立。本文对滑坡风险评价中的关键理论和方法进行梳理,阐述了国际滑坡风险评价的理论框架和技术流程,介绍了国内外滑坡易发性、危险性和风险评价的最新进展,评述了滑坡易发性评价、扩展范围预测、频率分析以及承灾体易损性评价的主要方法,阐明了现阶段滑坡风险评价的重点领域和前沿科学问题,并对滑坡灾害的风险评价提出了三点展望。     

基于小波熵的地下管线探地雷达频率波数偏移成像研究

地下管线实际形状与准确位置的确定是探地雷达图谱解释的主要内容之一.制约管线探地雷达反射归位精度最主要的因素是电磁波在地层中的传播速度,如何准确确定电磁波传播速度是探地雷达偏移处理能否成功的关键.为便于对探地雷达图谱特征进行定量解释,开展了不同大小、埋深与重叠等情况管线的正演模拟与模型实验.结合小波熵理论与频率波数偏移成...     

频率域航空电磁法数据调平软件设计与实现

FDAEM数据调平处理软件是根据地理信息系统（GIS）原理,采用图形分层、图形动态显示和网格化二级检索,以及面向对象和可视化软件开发等技术,实现了频率域航空电磁法数据的人～机联合一维调平功能。它具有可视化程度高,界面友好和操作简便直观等优点,对提高数据处理效率和观测数据质量,具有较高实用价值。这里简述了软件的功能需求、设计思路,以及采用的关键技术,并对软件的实际应用作了介绍。     

旱灾风险定量评估总体框架及其关键技术

作为旱灾风险管理的核心内容和关键环节,旱灾风险评估逐渐成为旱灾研究的热点问题。从科学界定旱灾风险概念入手,辨析了干旱风险与旱灾风险之间的关系,并从机理上对旱灾风险形成机制进行了剖析和阐述;首次提出了旱灾风险定量评估总体框架,即通过建立干旱频率~潜在损失~抗旱能力之间的定量关系实现对旱灾风险的定量评估,并探讨了该评估框架所涉及的干旱频率分析技术、灾损评估技术、抗旱能力评估技术和旱灾风险表征技术等关键技术及其难点。     

基于WA、ANN和水文频率分析法相结合的中长期水文预报模型的研究

针对传统中长期水文预报方法模拟预测结果精度低、未考虑水文不确定性因素的影响等问题,本文将小波分析(WA),人工神经网络(ANN)和水文频率分析法联合使用,建立了不确定性中长期水文预报模型:即在应用WA揭示水文序列变化特性的基础上,将原序列分为主序列和随机序列两部分,然后利用ANN对主序列进行模拟预测,对随机序列进行水文频率分析,最后将两部分结果叠加作为最终预测值.将该模型用于黄河河口地区作中长期水文预报,并与传统方法作对比,进行模型验证.结果显示:该模型能同时揭示序列的时、频结构和变化特性;预报值结果精度高;且合格率高;能定量分析和描述水文不确定性因素对预报结果的影响,可得到不同频率对应水文序列的模拟预测值.因此该模型的预报结果更加合理有效,对实际生产应用更具有指导意义.     

湖泊沉积物的磁化率、频率磁化率及其古气候意义—以青海湖、岱海近代沉积为例

湖泊沉积物的磁性参数是古气候、古环境的重要代用指标。通过对青海湖QI₅孔和岱海DH₃₂孔短岩心的磁化率、频率磁化率的研究,并与地球化学参数等其它资料对比,探讨了以上两个湖区历史时期古气候变化规律;论证了用磁化率、频率磁化率作为古气候、古环境指标的可靠性和敏感性;并对其变化机制进行了初步探讨。     

The Time-Frequency Energy Attenuation Factor and Its Application on the Basis of Gauss Linear Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wavelet Transform

Based on the Gauss linear frequency-modulated wavelet transform, a new characteristic index is presented, namely time-frequency energy attenuation factor which can reflect the difference features of waveform in earthquake focus mechanism, wave traveling path and its attenuation characteristics in focal area or near field. In order to test its validity, we select the natural earthquakes and explosion or collapse events whose focus mechanisms vary obviously, and some natural earthquakes located at the same site or in a very small area. The study indicates that the time-frequency energy attenuation factors of the natural earthquakes are obviously different with that of explosion or collapse events, and the change of the time-frequency energy attenuation factors is relatively stable for the earthquakes under the normal seismicity background. Using the above-mentioned method, it is expected to offer a useful criterion for strong earthquake prediction by continuous earthquake observation.     

基于最大熵原理的黄土丘陵区地质灾害规模频率分布研究

在分析地质灾害规模分布的基础上,基于最大熵原理在理论上推导出崩塌、滑坡和不稳定斜坡灾害长、宽和厚等参数规模频率负指数分布关系,提出了规模参数频率分布简单而有效的计算公式。最后以黄土丘陵区宝塔区为例,对所提出的公式进行验证,结果表明：（1）宝塔区地质灾害以中型滑坡和中型崩塌为主,但大型地质灾害在控制着滑坡崩塌总面积和总体积中起着重要的作用;（2）滑坡、崩塌和不稳定斜坡规模等级指数主要集中于(5.5,6]级、(4,4.5]级和(5,5.5]级;（3）崩塌、滑坡和不稳定斜坡的长、宽和厚规模频率分布符合更简单的指数关系,且用指数关系拟合的规模频率曲线不会产生偏转效应;（4）对面积和体积取算术平方根和立方根后,它们的规模－频率分布也呈现出负指数分布,并且拟合效果良好（决定系数R2>0.9,概率P<0.05）。