磁星能量注入模型拟合伽玛射线暴X射线余辉光变曲线

某些伽玛射线暴(简称伽玛暴)的中心致密天体可能是一颗具有强磁场的毫秒脉冲星,它通过磁偶极辐射可对伽玛暴外激波注入能量,从而导致早期余辉光变曲线的变平.近年来,从Swift卫星观测到的大量伽玛暴X射线余辉中发现,很多X射线余辉光变曲线在暴后10~2～10~4s期间的确存在明显的变平现象.利用周期为毫秒量级的磁星能量注入模型对11个加玛暴的X射线余辉光变曲线进行了拟合,显示该模型在解释余辉变平现象上的有效性和广泛性,通过对余辉光变曲线的拟合,同时也给出了相关中心磁星的磁场强度和旋转周期.     

基于实测数据的综合脉冲星时研究

介绍了脉冲星计时在几个重要方面的应用,给出了脉冲星时间尺度的简要定义.基于澳大利亚PARKES天文台的毫秒脉冲星实测计时数据,建立了基于4颗毫秒脉冲星的综合脉冲星时,并将其稳定度σz与原子时进行比较,最后分析了影响综合脉冲星时的几个重要因素及其对脉冲星计时精度的影响与应用.     

普通球粒陨石中磷酸盐矿物的冲击变质特征

普通球粒陨石中的磷酸盐矿物主要有2种,一种是无水磷酸钙——白磷钙石(Ca3[PO4]2),另一种是含氯的磷酸钙——氯磷灰石(Ca5[PO4]3Cl)。我国陨落的L群寺巷口陨石和随州陨石中这2种磷酸盐矿物都有产出,其中以白磷钙石较为常见,而在H群的岩庄陨石中仅见有白磷钙石。我们的研究发     

水上高密度电法在油气管道工程中应用

油气管道的建设施工有时必须穿越河流,本文应用高密度电阻率法于水上油气管道工程勘察。介绍了该方法的基本原理及水上施工的注意事项;讨论了数据预处理及反演过程,实现了长剖面数据的一次性反演;实际工程实例介绍了水上高密度电阻率法的应用效果。     

相带控制下协克里金方法孔隙度预测

针对东营凹陷南坡沙四段浊积岩砂岩储层纵横向物性变化剧烈的特点,在协克里金方法空间估计理论方法基础上,提出相带控制下协克里金孔隙度预测方法.从定量角度对沉积相加以刻画,在三维空间协同克里金估值计算时,使用相控因子对估值进行约束,使得结果能够更好地反映储层物性如孔隙度的空间展布特征.加入相带控制处理后,使变异函数较早达到基台值,减小理论模型拟合误差.利用该技术方法估算了沙四段第1小段的孔隙度,利用抽稀井进行对比分析,估算结果误差较小,预测值接近真实值,证实了该方法的有效性.     

A New Approach for Estimating Kinetic Luminosity of Jet in AGNs

The Konigl inhomogeneous jet model can successfully reproduce most observational features of jets in active galactic nuclei （AGN）, when suitable physical parameters are adopted. We improve Konigl＇s calculations on the core emission from the jet with a small viewing angle θ0 - φ （φ is half opening angle of the conical jet）. The proper motion of the jet component provides a constraint on the jet kinematics. Based on the inhomogeneous jet model, we use the proper motion data of the jet component to calculate the minimal kinetic luminosity of the jet required to reproduce the core emission measured by the very-long- baseline interferometry （VLBI） for a sample of BL Lac objects. Our results show that the minimal kinetic luminosity is slightly higher than the bolometric luminosity for most sources in the sample, which implies that radiatively inefficient accretion flows （RIAFs） may be in those BL Lac objects, or/and the properties of their broad-line regions （BLRs） are significantly different from flat-spectrum radio-loud quasars.     

Model-Synthesized Rate of Type Ia Supernovae and its Influence on the Chemical Enrichment of the ISM

Using Hurley＇s rapid binary stellar evolution code, we have studied the model-synthesized rate of Type Ia Supernovae （SNe Ia） and its influence on the chemical enrichment of the interstellar medium ejected by stellar populations. We adopt two popular scenarios, i.e., single degenerate scenario （SD） and double degenerate scenario （DD）, for the progenitors of SNe Ia to calculate the rates of SNe Ia. Rates calculated in this work agree with that of Hachisu et al. and Han ＆ Podsiadlowski, but are different from that usually adopted in chemical evolution models of galaxies. We apply the rates of SNe Ia to the chemical enrichment （especially Fe enrichment）, then compare the results with previous studies. As known SNe Ia slightly affect the enrichment of C, N, O and Mg elements, while significantly affect the enrichment of Fe. We find that the occurrence and the value of the Fe enrichment in our models are earlier and smaller than that commonly adopted in chemical evolution models. We also study the evolution of [Mg/Fe] ratios, which are almost reciprocals of the Fe enrichment. The study may provide constraints on the free parameters of chemical evolution models of galaxies and evolutionary population synthesis.     

我和《天文爱好者》的半世纪情缘

1957年10月,前苏联成功发射了世界上第一颗人造卫星,国内展开了大张旗鼓的宣传,天文学知识也乘机得以普及。1958年创办的《天文爱好者》杂志,正处在这一浪潮的潮头。我那时上小学三年级,和许多小伙伴一样,迷上了星空。我的最主要的天文课老师,就是《天文爱好者》,以及《少年天文学家》和《天文爱好者手册》两本书。初中和高中,我都在学校的支持下组织天文小组,展开学习、认星以及特殊天象的观测活动。自第一期起,我买齐了《天文爱好者》的每一期,甚至投了一篇用普通照相机通过天文望远镜拍摄天体的文章。可惜刚收到回复,杂志就因文化革命而停刊了。     

The validation of HY-2 altimetermeasurements of a significant wave height based on buoy data

HY-2 has been launched by China on August 16, 2011 which assembles multi-microwave remote sensing payloads in a body and has the ability of monitoring ocean dynamic environments. The HY-2 satellite data need to be calibrated and validated before being put into use. Based on the in-situ buoys from the Nation- al Data Buoy Center （NDBC）, Ku-band significant wave heights （SWH, hs） of HY-2 altimeter are validated. Eleven months of HY-2 altimeter Level 2 products data are chose from October 1, 2011 to August 29, 2012. Using NDBC 60 buoys yield 902 collocations for HY-2 by adopting collocation criteria of 30 min for tempo- ral window and 50 km for a spatial window. An overall RMS difference of the SWH between HY-2 and buoy data is 0.297 m. A correlation coefficient between these is 0.964. An ordinary least squares （OLS） regression is performed with the buoy data as an independent variable and the altimeter data as a dependent vari- able. The regression equation of hs is hs （HY-2）=0.891 × hs （NDBC）＋0.022. In addition, 2016 collocations are matched with temporal window of 30 rain at the crossing points of HY-2 and Jason-2 orbits. RMS difference of Ku-band SWH between the two data sets is 0.452 m.