一种低空无人机航空摄影高度自动测量与校正方法

低空无人机航空摄影测量技术具有体积小、操作灵活等优良特点被广泛应用于测绘领域,尤其在工程测量方面,近几年得到长足的发展。结合实际工作经验和日常研究成果,系统化的分析无人机在实际航空摄影过程中对摄影高度进行自动化测量。本文提出一种基于多传感器与LMMSE相结合的测量与校准方法,并设计有关测量系统。经实验分析,表明该方法自动测高精度为±2m,精度可靠,有助于推动无人机航空摄影测量系统的发展应用。     

时间谱电阻率法的二维正演算法

时间谱电阻率(TSR)法的二维正演, 是计算可极化二维地电构造上三维电流偶极源的电场瞬变响应, 属所谓2.5维时间域电磁场数值模拟问题, 是目前国际上未妥善解决的计算地球物理疑难问题.针对现有算法的局限性, 建立了新的算法, 其特点是: (1)采用二维有限单元算法, 在矩形网格中增加两对角线形成三角网格剖分, 同时用高斯消元法消除矩形网格中心结点的待求未知量.这样, 既可较准确地模拟任意二维复杂地电断面, 又可节省计算量.(2)采用直接计算二次场的新算法, 只需计算电场和磁场沿地电构造走向两个分量的一次场, 因而, 不但计算精度较高, 而且不显著增加计算量.(3)采用G -S变换法作逆拉氏变换, 并利用拉氏变换延迟定理在倍增的时间间隔中插值, 从而实现对密集采样时间瞬变过程的快速计算.(4)能对可极化和导电大地(即同时包括IP和EM效应).      

中国人口密度数字模拟

运用基于格点生成法的人口密度空间分布模拟模型,通过运行净第一性生产力空间分布、数字高程、城市规模及其空间分布和交通基础设施空间分布等数据集,模拟了中国人口密度的空间分布规律。模拟结果表明,人口密度的最高值集中在北京、上海和郑州之间的三角区 (BSZ) 及珠江三角洲地区;同时,这个BSZ峰值三角区有发展为以上海-南京-杭州大都市密集区、武汉市、西安市、北京-天津-唐山大都市密集区和沈阳-大连大都市密集区为顶点的五角形峰值区的趋势,珠江三角洲峰值区也正在向外围地区扩展。     

南海中部深水中位温和盐度垂直分布的数字模拟——垂直扩散-对流模式

海洋中深层水体运动缓慢,其理化性质一般具有稳定的分布状态,几乎不随时间变化,这给深层水的有关研究提供了相当方便的条件。     

Numerical Simulation of the 1999 Yangtze River Valley Heavy Rainfall Including Sensitivity Experiments with Different SSTA

With the IAP/LASG GOALS model, the heavy rainfall of the summer of 1999 in the Yangtze River valley is simulated with observational sea surface temperature (SST). Comparing the simulations of 1999 with the corresponding ones of 1998 and the sensitivity experiments with different sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) at different ocean regions, the relationships between the floods in the Yangtze River valley and the SSTA in the Pacific and Indian Oceans are studied. The results show that the positive SSTA in the tropical Indian Ocean are a major contributor to the heavy rainfall and may be a very important index to predict the heavy rainfall over the Yangtze River valley in the summer. The simulations also show that the relationships between the SSTA in the tropical eastern Pacific and the heavy rainfall in the Yangtze River valley are very complicated, and the heavy rainfall in the Yangtze River valley can occur in both a decaying and an intensifying E1 Nino event and also in a La Nifia event. However, the different SSTA of different periods in the above three cases play different partd.     

The Numerical Modeling of 3-D Elastic Wave Equation Using a High-Order,Staggered-Grid, Finite Difference Scheme

This article provides the application of the high-order, staggered-grid, finite-difference scheme to model elastic wave propagation in 3-D isotropic media. Here, we use second-order, temporal-and high-order spatial finite-difference formulations with a staggered grid for discretization of the 3-D elastic wave equations of motion. The set of absorbing boundary conditions based on paraxial approximations of 3-D elastic wave equations are applied to the numerical boundaries. The trial resuits for the salt model show that the numerical dispersion is decreased to a minimum extent, the accuracy high and diffracted waves abundant. It also shows that this method can be used for modeling wave propagation in complex media with the lateral variation of velocity.     

高维非线性电阻动态电路惟一稳态研究

利用矩阵分解方法，得到了确定具有分解形式的高维含有非线性电阻的动态电路惟一稳态的条件。结果表明，含有非线性电阻的动态电路的惟一稳态，可以用分解矩阵的稳态性决定。     

三线阵CCD影像的像点自动匹配技术研究

目前国内针对三线阵CCD影像像点自动量测技术研究比较少,主要采用常规影像匹配方法进行处理。本文在分析众多匹配方法的基础上,根据三线阵CCD影像的特点,在立体环境下对三线阵CCD影像空三加密像点自动量测的方法进行研究。用实验的方法研究了基于金字塔分层动态窗口匹配运算的相关系数法在三线阵CCD影像像点立体匹配中的应用,最后通过三线阵CCD数字模拟影像试验,得出结论:采用金字塔分层动态窗口匹配运算的相关系数法是解决三线阵CCD影像空三加密像点自动量测问题比较有效的途径。     

活断层上均匀盖层中氡浓度分布的数值模拟及反演拟合

Based on the convection and diffusion mechanisms of radon migration, in this paper we deduce the two-dimensional differential equation for radon transportation in the overburden above active fault zones with an unlimited extension along the strike. Making use of the finite difference method, the radon concentration distribution in the overburden above active faults is calculated and modeled. The active fault zone parameters, such as the depth and the width of the fault zone, and the value of radon concentration, can be inverted from the measured radon concentration curve. These realize quantitative interpretation for radon concentration anomalies. The inversion results are in good agreement with the actual fault zone parameters.