Mitigation of municipal solid waste leachate contamination at Payatas, Metro Manila, Philippines： A technical proposal

The gross environmental condition of the Payatas Disposal Facility in Metro Manila, Philippines, implores the need for sustainable technologies to control and abate toxic municipal solid waste leachate and protect public health. A team of environmental engineers recognized this need by selecting the site as a design project for the Mondialogo Worldwide Engineering Award, sponsored by the United Nations and Daimler Chrysler. The project culminated in a technical proposal that highlighted the following design features： an impermeable dumpsite cap to control leachate generation; vertical impermeable barriers for containment and isolation of leachate; a drainage system to divert clean, surface water from the cap and prevent its contamination prior to discharge; a leachate recirculation system to enhance stabilisation of the waste deposit; and a facultative lagoon and constructed wetland system to treat excess leachate.     

Speciation of sulfate components in size-fractionated aerosol particles using sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure （XANES）

Sulfates are a main constituent of aerosols, which sulfate aerosols, it is necessary to determine what can cause various environmental problems sulfate ions are contained in these aerosols In the evaluation of the influence of In this study, sulfur K-edge XANES was used to determine sulfate species present in size-fractionated aerosol particles based on the post-edge structure after the main absorption peak in the XANES region. Aerosol samples were collected as part of the Japan-China joint project, ＂Asian Dust Experiment on Climate Impact＂ using a low-volume Andersen-type air sampler. XANES was measured at Beamline BL-9A at Photon Factory, Japan. A comparison of the XANES spectra of reference sulfate materials and aerosol samples collected in Tsukuba in Japan clearly showed that （NH4）2SO4 was the main sulfur species in particles with a smaller diameter and gypsum was the main sulfur species in particles with a larger diameter. A simulation of the XANES spectra by reference materials allows us to obtain the quantitative mixing ratios of the different sulfate species present in the aerosol samples. The presence of minor sulfur species other than （NH4）2SO4 and gypsum at the surface of mineral aerosols is suggested in our simulations and by a surface-sensitive conversion electron/He-ion yield XANES. In the absence of a contribution from a large dust event, the mole concentration of gypsum in the mineral aerosol fraction determined by XANES is similar to that of Ca which is determined independently using ion chromatography. This shows that the Ca and sulfate in the mineral aerosols are present only as gypsum. Considering that calcite is the main Ca mineral in the original material arising from an arid and semi-arid area in China, it is strongly suggested that gypsum is formed in aerosol during its long-range transportation by a reaction between calcite and sulfate ions.     

香炉山地区找矿前景初步分析

通过对香炉山地区成矿控制因素分析,认为香炉山特大型钨矿外围具备找大矿的条件,并依据成矿控制主要因素在找矿远景区的具体体现,提出了在徐家岭、张天罗、大岩下等多处具有较好的找矿远景区。对张天罗、徐家岭及大岩下等较重要的找矿前景区进行详细叙述。     

RTK航道疏浚应用及工程坐标转换参数的获取

本文结合实时差分(RealTimeDifference)GPS定位技术在某海港航道疏浚工程中的应用,介绍了GPS导航定位测量中WGS-84坐标与工程坐标系的转换方法及应用。     

中小城市首级GPS控制网布测方案的选择

探讨了中小城市首级GPS控制网的几种布测方案,用实测GPS数据对几种常用的布测方案进行了精度分析,从而确定城市首级GPS控制网的最佳布设方案。     

新型导线在水电工程测量中的应用

结合山岭重丘地区的一水电工程,根据其特殊的地形条件,采用新型的导线布网形式,避免树木的大量砍伐,确保通视良好;再利用全站仪观测,按导线的严密坐标平差方法,运用MATLAB6.1软件对测量数据进行处理,计算出各控制点的坐标,得到满意的结果.     

基于Intergraph GIS的基础空间数据库一体化建设研究

阐述了基于Intergraph GIS的城市基础空间数据的结构和建库的内容,提出了一体化的建库、质量控制、空间数据动态更新以及基于版本信息的历史数据存储与恢复的方法,介绍了一体化建库实例。     

PAKSEY大桥桥面线形的测量控制

在PAKSEY大桥的施工过程中,对节段梁的预制、节段梁的悬臂拼装以及桥面体系的施工进行了精密的测量控制,从而使桥面线形与设计线形的误差最小。     

全数字摄影测量系统DEM生产的质量控制

目前,数字高程模型(DEM)在理论研究和实践应用方面都有了很大的进展,已在测绘、地质、农业、工程、建筑、军事、导航等多个领域得到了广泛应用,因此高效快捷地生产高精度的DEM是十分必要和迫切的。全数字摄影测量系统DEM生产方案是解决这一问题的有效途径,文章针对该系统的特点,提出了加强质量控制的策略和方法,并阐述了对一些实践问题的解决。     

石家庄市GPS控制网的数据处理方法和分析

本文介绍了石家庄市GPS控制网的现状、概况及观测概要，重点叙述了石家庄GPS控制网在基线处理、平差处理、坐标转换、高程拟合以及投影变形等五个方面的做法和体会，对其他城市做GPS控制网时有一定的参考价值。