徕卡DISTO~(TM) D510的应用前景

正徕卡迪士通产品走过了20年的风雨历程,共有八代29款产品,每一代每一款都有自己的烙印,全新的D510是在迪士通产品20年纪念的大背景下推出的,意义非凡。D510在国内一经发布,就凭借其强大实用的功能受到广大新老用户的一致好评,同时人们也在不断探讨其更深更广的应用领域。     

徕卡全站扫描仪MS50在变形监测中的应用

正一、前言在传统的监测应用中,测量机器人和GNSS是两种常见的设备,两者可单独工作,也可以协同作业:测量机器人适合密集棱镜集群监测,GNSS适合高频或静态高精度监测。通过将两者结合在一起,徕卡提供了大坝、桥梁、地铁、滑坡、高层建筑等各个行业的解决方案。随着监测工作的日渐深入,对被监测物体超密集快速监测的功能成为客户的新需要。扫描技术成为最新的监测应用,徕卡MS50全站扫描仪一经推出,就全方位地满足了各个行业客     

从佛山到嘉定：18～19世纪中越交流的“书籍之路”

在古代海外贸易中,书籍是一种常常被忽视的商品,与数量少而精的珍贵奢侈品和数量大又销路广的日用品相比,书籍无论在数量、销量乃至市价上都不占重要的位置.在中国书籍外销市场通常占最大份额的日本,书籍在唐船货物中所占比例也不高,常是被“捎带”出去的商品.在古代东亚和东南亚贸易圈中,中国的书籍虽然不是大宗商品,却因其所承载的政治、文化价值,以及中国文化在东亚的优势地位和巨大影响力,成为周边国家的文化阶层争相购置的对象.     

3S技术在辽宁省海岛地名普查中的应用

3S技术因具有快速、准确、实时的导航定位、对地实测和强大的空间信息加工、处理和分析能力,在国防、气象、灾害监测与环境保护、能源、交通、土地资源勘察等领域得以广泛应用。辽宁省海岛地名普查首次采用了3S技术,实现了海岛地名信息和海岛地理基础数据调查与管理的一体化,达到了海岛地理实体、数据信息、外业调查照片的一致性,建立了海岛地名信息系统。详细介绍了辽宁省海岛地名调查中,3S技术在数字化、导航定位和信息识别、提取、勘测、分析、处理以及数据集成等环节中的应用。     

沾化县土地利用变化与生态服务价值响应

本文基于黄河三角洲沾化县1987年、1997年和2007年遥感影像数据,定量分析了1987年~2007年间沾化县土地利用的时空变化特征,并运用调整的生态服务价值系数,评价了因土地利用变化所引起的生态系统服务价值的变化。结果表明:20年间沾化县城镇建设用地、林地和水域面积大量增加,农田、草地、滩涂和盐碱荒地面积迅速减少,研究期内土地利用程度总体呈上升趋势;生态服务价值总体呈先下降后上升的趋势;水域面积的转入、农田和滩涂面积的转出分别是影响沾化县生态服务价值上升和下降的主要因素。     

Applications of wavelet analysis in differential propagation phase shift data de-noising

Using numerical simulation data of the forward differential propagation shift （ΦDP） of polarimetric radar,the principle and performing steps of noise reduction by wavelet analysis are introduced in detail.Profiting from the multiscale analysis,various types of noises can be identified according to their characteristics in different scales,and suppressed in different resolutions by a penalty threshold strategy through which a fixed threshold value is applied,a default threshold strategy through which the threshold value is determined by the noise intensity,or a ΦDP penalty threshold strategy through which a special value is designed for ΦDP de-noising.Then,a hard-or soft-threshold function,depending on the de-noising purpose,is selected to reconstruct the signal.Combining the three noise suppression strategies and the two signal reconstruction functions,and without loss of generality,two schemes are presented to verify the de-noising effect by dbN wavelets：（1） the penalty threshold strategy with the soft threshold function scheme （PSS）; （2） the ΦDP penalty threshold strategy with the soft threshold function scheme （PPSS）.Furthermore,the wavelet de-noising is compared with the mean,median,Kalman,and finite impulse response （FIR） methods with simulation data and two actual cases.The results suggest that both of the two schemes perform well,especially when ΦDP data are simultaneously polluted by various scales and types of noises.A slight difference is that the PSS method can retain more detail,and the PPSS can smooth the signal more successfully.     

An Overview of BCC Climate System Model Development and Application for Climate Change Studies

This paper reviews recent progress in the development of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model(BCC-CSM) and its four component models(atmosphere,land surface,ocean,and sea ice).Two recent versions are described:BCC-CSM1.1 with coarse resolution(approximately 2.8125°×2.8125°) and BCC-CSM1.1(m) with moderate resolution(approximately 1.125°×1.125°).Both versions are fully coupled climate-carbon cycle models that simulate the global terrestrial and oceanic carbon cycles and include dynamic vegetation.Both models well simulate the concentration and temporal evolution of atmospheric CO_2 during the 20th century with anthropogenic CO2 emissions prescribed.Simulations using these two versions of the BCC-CSM model have been contributed to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase five(CMIP5) in support of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report(AR5).These simulations are available for use by both national and international communities for investigating global climate change and for future climate projections.Simulations of the 20th century climate using BCC-CSMl.l and BCC-CSMl.l(m) are presented and validated,with particular focus on the spatial pattern and seasonal evolution of precipitation and surface air temperature on global and continental scales.Simulations of climate during the last millennium and projections of climate change during the next century are also presented and discussed.Both BCC-CSMl.l and BCC-CSMl.l(m) perform well when compared with other CMIP5 models.Preliminary analyses indicate that the higher resolution in BCC-CSM1.1(m) improves the simulation of mean climate relative to BCC-CSMl.l,particularly on regional scales.     

An Overview of Nowcasting Development, Applications, and Services in the Hong Kong Observatory

The Hong Kong Observatory （HKO） has been developing a suite of nowcasting systems to support op- erations of the forecasting center and to provide a variety of nowcasting services for the general public and specialized users. The core system is named the Short-range Warnings of Intense Rainstorm of Localized Systems （SWIRLS）, which is a radar-based nowcasting system mainly for the automatic tracking of the movement of radar echoes and the short-range Quantitative Precipitation Forecast （QPF）. The differential, integral （or variational）, and object-oriented tracking algorithms were developed and integrated into the nowcasting suite. In order to predict severe weather associated with intense thunderstorms, such as high gust, hail, and lightning, SWIRLS was enhanced to SWIRLS-II by introduction of a number of physical models, especially the icing physics as well as the thermodynamics of the atmosphere. SWIRLS-Ⅱ was further enhanced with non-hydrostatic, high resolution numerical models for extending the forecast range up to 6h ahead. Meanwhile, SWIRLS was also modified for providing nowcasting services for aviation community and specialized users. To take into account the rapid development of lightning events, ensemble nowcasting techniques such as time-lagged and weighted average ensemble approaches were also adopted in the nowcasting system. Apart from operational uses in Hong Kong, SWIRLS/SWIRLS-Ⅱ was also exported to other places to participate in several international events such as the WMO/WWRP Forecast Demon- stration Project （FDP） during the Beijing 2008 Olympics Games and the Shanghai Expo 2010. Meanwhile, SWIRLS has also been transferred to various regional meteorological organizations for establishing their nowcasting infrastructure. This paper summarizes the history and the technologies of SWIRLS/SWIRLS-Ⅱ and its variants and the associated nowcasting applications and services provided by the HKO since the mid 1990s.     

城市级地下管网BIM建设及应用

随着测绘地理信息技术和BIM技术在城市发展中的深入应用,城市级地下管网BIM建设成为智慧城市建设三维实景中国建设中的必要一环。本文结合新型基础测绘在地下空间测绘中的应用,提出利用地下管网测绘数据与BIM深度融合技术快速构建城市级地下管网BIM的技术流程和体系,构建了城市级别(GIS)场景下的精细化BIM模型,实现了测绘数据与设计数据的无缝融合,打通了多专业协同中与测绘数据融合的通道,为看不见的地下城市建设提供准确的三维空间数据底座。基于本文研究成果,以某城市为应用案例,在城市排水管网改造工程、智慧水务云平台建设、智慧管廊施工管理等领域进行了应用,验证了本文研究的可行性、有效性和应用价值。