神经网络技术及其在测井解释中的应用

在分析传统测井岩性解释中存在的一些问题的基础上，从神经网络的机理、特点出发，探讨了利用神经网络技术进行测井岩性识别的可行性及优越性，并以找矿目的层为对象，进行了岩性分析与对比，为该方法的进一步应用开拓了前景。     

Geochemistry of porewater and sulfate-reducing bacteria in sediment cores from the Chianan Plain, Taiwan

High concentrations of arsenic and humic substances in groundwater from the southwestern coastal plain of Taiwan were well known for their probable relationships with black-foot disease. In order to realize the relationships between the concentrations of humic substances and arsenic in this area, 24 well water samples were analyzed. After filtered through 0.45 μm glass fiber membrane in the field, samples were kept in the dark at 4℃ and then separated into six fractions with varying range of molecular weight （〈0.5, 0.5-1, 1-5, 5-10, 10-50 and 〉50 k Da） by ultrafiltration apparatus （Molecular/Por Stirred Cell system） in the lab. Concentrations of humic substances were measured by fluorescence spectrometer （HITACHI F-2000, ex=370, em=445） and arsenic by FIAS-AA （Perkin Elmer AAnalyst 100, FIAS-400）. On average, only 6.2% of the total arsenic in water existed in the fraction of 〉0.5 k Da. and the others were complexed with humic substances （including humic acid and fulvic acid）. The results demonstrated a distinct positive correlation between the concentrations of humic substances and arsenic.     

国外城市群经济联系空间研究进展

城市群经济联系的复杂性空间规律已经成为城市地理学、区域地理学、经济地理学研究的重点范畴。现代意义的城市群经济联系空间发展研究始于50年代,城市群体化现象大规模出现,城市化进程迅速发展的时期。经过二战前的启蒙发展、二战后-60年代的初步发展、70-80年代的丰富深化、90年代的全面发展阶段,50多年来城市群空间研究领域不断深化、研究队伍不断壮大、研究成果不断涌现、研究范式不断丰富,呈现多视角、多层次、多尺度,理论与实证、定性与定量相结合的研究体系,研究内容上文章着重对国外大都市区、都市带等城市群经济联系的空间组织与结构研究进行总结,并指出当前研究的热点与焦点。     

High resolution profiles of trace metals in pore waters of marine and riverine sediments assessed by DET and DGT

In polluted aquatic systems, toxic metals are often accumulated in bottom sediments. They are, however, not necessarily stored definitively because diagenetic processs can modify redox, pH and even the amount of complexing ligands, releasing the trace metals back into the pore waters and the water column. Especially the labile metal fraction in the pore waters is important since this is the bioavailable fraction determining the bio-toxicity of the sediments. The goal of our study was therefore to assess, with novel sampling techniques, this bioavailable metal fraction in the pore waters as well as the flux towards the overlying water column. High-resolution profiles of trace metals in pore waters of marine and riverine sediments were assessed by DET （diffusive equilibrium in thin films） and DGT （diffusive gradients in thin films） gel techniques. The DET technique uses a diffusive gel layer that equilibrates with the aquatic system and with this technique the concentrations of total dissolved trace metals are obtained directly. The DGT technique uses an acrylamide diffusive gel backed by a resin gel （Chelex） which binds trace metals. With the DGT technique only labile species of selected metals can be captured. According to the redox potential measurements, the marine sediments were suboxic （200 mV to -220 mV versus Ag/AgCl electrode）, while the riverine sediments were completely anoxic （-160 mV to -220 mV versus Ag/AgCl electrode）. This redox potential was apparently controlling the trace metals species in the pore waters： for example a strong correlation between Mn and Co was found in the riverine sediments （for DET and DGT sampling）, while in the marine sediments trace metals presented various behaviors.     

Structural Evolvement of Heating Treatment of Mg/AI-LDH and Preparation of Mineral Mesoporous Materials

Although hydrotalcite, or layered double hydroxides （LDHs）, is not a common mineral, it is an important material that can be easily synthesized in laboratory. In this study, structural evolvement and BET surface area changes of heat treated Mg/AI-LDH is evaluated by XRD, TEM and N2-BET analyses. The results indicate that the magnesium-aluminum LDH with carbonate as interlayer anion, periclase-like oxides was formed at temperatures of 400-800℃. Meanwhile, 2-3 nanometer mesoporous were formed during decomposition of LDH. However, the heat treated samples still preserve the morphology of the original LDH plates. Periclase-like formed from LDH heat treatment may re-hydrolyze and recover the structure of LDH. However, crystallinity of the recovered LDH is lower than that of the original LDH. This heat treatment will result in formation of （Mg, Al）-oxide nano-crystals and nanopores among the nano-crystals. When heating temperature exceeds 1000, the periclase-like （Mg, Al）-oxide is transformed into a composite with periclase （MgO） and spinel phases. The periclase can be re-hydrolyzed and dissolved in HCl solution. After acid treatment, the sample with a high surface area is composed of spinel nano-crystals and nanopores among them. Our results will provide a new and economic way to synthesize mesoporous materials through pathways of phase transformation of precursor materials with different composition.     

成功智力理论对地理学习评价的启示

在当代认知发展及智力研究领域，美国耶鲁大学心理学教授斯腾伯格（R．J．Sternberg）无疑是一位活跃人物。其代表性的理论建树是智力结构三重模式，并于1996年发展为成功智力理论。这是与加德纳（H．Gardner）多元智力理论同具影响力的理论，更为重要的是成功智力理论得到了大量的实验和教学实证研究的证实。     

关于一级注册结构工程师有关注册问题的通知

各地注册管理机构、总后营房部工程局：为了加强全国一级注册结构工程师注册管理工作，明确各地注册管理机构职能分工，简化注册程序，实行网络化管理，提高工作效率。现将一级注册结构工程师有关注册问题通知如下。     

加大煤层气科研、勘探、开发的力度,改善能源结构和矿山生产环境

煤层气俗称“瓦斯”,在我国煤矿重大恶性事故中,瓦斯爆炸引起的事故约占70%~80%。同时煤层气又是宝贵的气体能源。江西省煤层气资源比较丰富,埋深1500m以浅的煤层气资源量为268亿m3,大于10亿m3的煤矿区有7个,具有良好的开发前景。开发利用煤层气既可治理瓦斯,又可利用能源,应该加大煤层气科研、勘探、开发的力度,以改善、优化能源结构和矿山生产环境。     

全站仪测距系统误差及处理方法的探讨

本文通过对全站仪结构原理的阐述，分析了测距系统误差的来源，给出了在实际工作中减小或解决测距误差的方法。     

油气化探数据库系统

建立油气化探数据库是油气化探信息资源共享、科学管理、宏观决策的基础和依据,是油气化探数据处理及异常评价的基础。本系统采用动态自适应结构,收集、录入了几十年来我国油气化探数据,可以完成油气化探数据登录、管理、浏览、检索、报表、数据预处理。文章中论述了油气化探数据库的结构、特点及功能,反映了油气化探数据库研究领域的新进展和研究水平。