南海北坡海山区Sea Beam调查资料的处理

海洋四号船于1995年6月在南海北坡海山区进行了首次多波束地形地貌探测,获得了近1000km~2的测探资料。通过船上SGI和基地SUN工作站Sea View后处理软件系统对水深资料进行的资料质世评价、资料编辑处理和图件绘制,表明此次Sea Beam系统调查获得的北坡海山区全覆盖的地形资料精度高,水深测量误差小于±6.5m。绘制的各种一维、二维和三维成果图,不仅能精确地反映测区宏观地形地貌特征,而且也清晰地显示了区内复杂的微地貌景观。     

基于GIS的城市交通网络要素可视化表达方法研究

城市交通网络要素的可视化表达是GIS—T研究和应用领域中的一个难题,本文在对目前流行的交通网络数据模型进行系统研究的基础上,选择了动态分段技术下的结点-弧段模型,对交通网络复杂要素进行可视化表达,并对城市交通网络要素的可视化表达方法和形式进行了分析,最后结合交通网络复杂要素的可视化表达,设计和创建了具体的数据结构表和数据结构图。     

地震瞬时属性分析技术在岩溶勘查中的应用

介绍地震瞬时属性分析技术的原理及处理方法,分别对岩溶在地震剖面、瞬时振幅剖面、瞬时频率剖面、瞬时相位剖面上的表现特征作了说明.并结合实际资料进行多参数解释,进而确定地下岩溶的发育情况、分布范围和规模,同时对异常进行钻井验证,结果表明,地震瞬时属性分析技术比常规地震处理方法能更好地排除干扰,确定岩溶异常.     

美国次贷危机可能会减少金属需求，加剧矿业风险

标准普尔警告说,“美国金属和采矿公司在今后几个月将面临的唯一的最大的风险是,美国经济逆转将会切实降低对金属的需求”。同时,标准普尔的信用分析师马瑞·师马路克预计,矿业部门的财务表现不可能令人满意。尽管次贷危机的蔓延会伤害到全球的生产商和各地区的矿业公司,但标准普尔预期,根据目前的经济预测,那些销售主要针对美国市场的公司将会受到最大的影响。迄今为止,美国经济已经伤害到了汽车制造商和房地产建筑商。铝价和铝的销售量已开始出现疲软。在所有的铝产量中,有50％用于交通、居住房建筑。     

洛钼集团三道庄矿让资源“颗粒归仓”

洛阳栾川钼业集团公司开采的三道庄钼钨矿区是栾川钼矿田三大矿区之一。矿体厚大集中,面积487万平方米,矿石储量5.8亿吨,其中钼金属储量67万吨,平均原矿品位0.115%,钨金属储量50万吨,平均品位0.117%。为埋藏浅、品位高、选别性能好的特大型钼钨矿床,是亚洲最大的钼矿区之一。洛钼人形象地把三道庄钼钨矿区称作洛钼集团的＂大粮仓＂。     

多频载波相位组合进行单点定位

不同于双频数据的应用,多频数据的采用对单点定位有着特殊意义,可以更好地获得其模糊度的解。基于卫星导航定位系统多频载波相位线性组合理论,研究了具有特殊意义的组合观测值及其特性。在此基础上,通过多频观测值数据的数值仿真,采用新方法进行整周模糊度快速求解。编制了基于多频载波相位组合单点定位软件,通过结果的比较分析,得出有一定实际应用意义的结论。此方法算法简单,速度快,能够满足实时导航定位的需要,具有工程应用价值。     

含煤层地质环境下地震波场的数值模拟

本文对含低速煤层地质环境下弹性波场多波多分量地震资料进行了二维数值模拟研究,对人工边界反射进行了有效处理,频散效应得到了有效的压制,对几种不同激发与观测排列方式下的弹性波资料进行了模型计算与分析。     

Attenuation of aqueous metal transport at two natural acid rock drainage occurrences in the Yukon Territory, Canada

Naturally acidic drainage associated with pyritic black shale has been observed in many locations in the Yukon Territory. While not necessarily linked to known mineral deposits, most of these natural acid rock drainage occurrences show elevated dissolved concentrations of trace elements, especially zinc, nickel, copper, cadmium and arsenic. Based on field observations, microbial investigation, chemical analyses and geochemical modeling, the fate and transport of potentially deleterious elements at two natural acid drainage occurrences with slightly different settings are examined. The Macintosh Creek is a small, acidic stream （pH 2.98-3.40）, 2 km long, located in the Macmillan Pass area of east-central Yukon amidst known sedimentary exhalative massive sulfide mineralization but remains undisturbed by exploration activities. Its trace metal content is apparently derived from groundwater discharges, which gave as much as 5.0, 2.5, 0.7, 0.13 and 0.03 mg/L ofZn, Ni, Cu and As, respectively. Interaction and sorption reactions with algal mats, biofilms and iron oxyhydroxides appear to be the dominant mechanisms attenuating aqueous contaminant transport along the stream. Cryogenic precipitation further consolidates the ferricrete formation and reduces the mobility of the sorbed metals. The tributaries of the Engineering Creek along the Dempster Highway in northern Yukon drain through a series of dolomite, phyllite, argillite, limestone, black shale, sandstone and conglomerate with no known concentration of mineralization. In this area, the water chemistry fully reflects the local geology with acidic streams invariably associated with black shale occurrences. Groundwater seeps in the headwaters area of the km-180 Creek completely enclosed in black shale gave pH 3.0 and as much as 148, 39, 2.9 and 9.1 mg/L of Zn, Ni, Cu and As, respectively. Sorption with iron oxyhydroxide and organic matter appear to dominate the attenuation of contaminant transport along the stream. However, once entered into carbonate-dominated terrains, secondary carbonate minerals exercise additional geochemical control on the local water chemistry as a result of neutralization.